Unit+4+Space+Exploration+单元检测 高中英语人教版（2019）必修第三册.docx

Unit4 Space Exploration单元检测第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 35分，第一节(共 10小题；每小题2.5分，满分 25分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AAstronomy is the oldest science known to man. Thousands of years ago, man looked at the stars and wondered about the heavens. But man was limited by what he could see with his eyes alone.The Greeks studied astronomy over 2,000 years ago. They could see the size, colour and brightness of a star. They could see its place in the sky. They watched the stars move as the seasons changed. But the Greeks had no tools to help themselves study the heavens.Each new tool added to the field of astronomy helped man reach out into space. They did not know that the planet called Saturn (土星) had rings around it. Their sight was so limited that they could not see all the planets. In the early 1700s, people thought there were only six planets. Neptune(海王星),the last of eight planets to be discovered, was not seen until 1846.Before the spectroscope (分光镜), man did not know what kind of gases was in the sun or other stars. Without the radio telescope,we didn't know that radio noises came from far out in space.Today, astronomy is a growing science. We had learned more in the last fifty years than in the whole history of astronomy.1. When the Greeks watched the stars, they could .A. know what the stars were made of B. not see their places in the skyC. help themselves study the heavens D. watch the stars move as the seasons changed2. Until there were , man knew very little about the moon.A. telescopes B. spectroscopes C. radio telescopes D. spaceships3. Which of the following sentences is NOT true?A. Astronomy is the oldest science that humans have known.B. Astronomy is developing fast with the help of technology.C. In the early 1700s, people didn't know the existence of Neptune.D. Over 2,000 years ago, the Greeks knew the planet Saturn had rings around it.BOf all the planets, none has captured (占据) the world's imagination like Mars. Its reddish colour and changes in brightness over time make the planet an unforgettable sight.In Cosmos, the television science series from the 1980s,scientist Carl Sagan talked about some traditional ideas about Mars. Some of these ideas are from the English science fiction writer H. G. Wells' The War of the Worlds. Others are from the mistaken science of Percival Lowell, the American astronomer who believed intelligent beings lived on Mars. Wells described Martians as threatening. Lowell imagined them as the hopeful engineers of great works. Carl Sagan said that both ideas influenced the public deeply.Today, Mars continues to excite humans-not as the object of science fiction but of scientific study. Space scientists have collected a wealth of information from spacecrafts that have orbited, landed on and dug into the Martian surface.The Smithsonian's "Mars Day" offered a chance for people of all ages to touch Mars, or at least a piece of it. Allison and Alycia from Silver Spring, Maryland, brought their children, Grace, Sam, Ryan and Emma. They heard about Mars and its geology from experts. They could see a test version of the Viking landers that reached Mars in July of 1976. They also saw meteorites (陨星) known to have come from the red, or reddish planet. Eight-year-old Sam learned that the ancient description of Mars as red is not exactly right. He said, "It's actually orangish more than red and it's also kind of brown, too." Emma is six. She learned about the volcanic activity that has shaped the surface of Mars. She said, "The closest thing to Mars- the stuff-is from volcanoes mostly.""Mars Day" offered Allison and Alycia's children a chance to learn more about a world that they are very likely to set foot on within their lifetimes.4. It is implied in Paragraph 3 that .A. today's space scientists still know nothing about Mars B. today's space scientists are very interested in MarsC. science fiction films are no longer set in Mars D. space scientists haven't made any progress in knowing Mars5. Sam would probably agree that .A. Mars is not really red B. no meteorites have come from MarsC Mars cannot be described as a little brown D. the ancient description of Mars' colour is true6. What is the writer's attitude towards the idea that humans will set foot on Mars?A. He thinks it may happen this year. B. He thinks it will always remain a dream.C. He thinks it will come true within hundreds of years. D. He thinks it may happen in the following decades.C(2019金华卷) Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts.The microorganisms (微生物)from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station, so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week. How is NASA overcoming this very tiny big problem? It's turning to a bunch of high school kids.But not just any kids. It is depending on NASA HUNCH high school classrooms, like the one science teachers Gene Gordon and Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport,New York.HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers. For the past two years, Gordon's students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity, and they think they're close to a solution(解决方案). “We don't give the students any breaks. They have to do it just like NASA engineers,"says Florence Gold, a project manager."There are no tests, "Gordon says. "There is no graded homework. There almost are no grades, other than 'Are you working towards your goal?'Basically, it's 'I've got to produce this product and then, at the end of the year, present it to NASA. Engineers come and really do an in person review, andit's not a very nice thing at times. It's a hard business review of your product."Gordon says the HUNCH program has an impact (影响)on college admissions and practical life skills. "These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back. I don't teach." And that annoying bacteria? Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem, readying a workable solution to test in space.7. What do we know about the bacteria in the International Space Station?A. They are hard to get rid of. B. They lead to air pollution.C. They appear in different forms. D. They damage the instruments.8. What is the purpose of the HUNCH program?A. To strengthen teacher-student relationships. B. To sharpen students' communication skills.C. To allow students to experience zero gravity. D. To link space technology with school education.9. What do the NASA engineers do for the students in the program?A. Check their product. B. Guide project designs. C. Adjust work schedules. D. Grade their homework.10. What is the best title for the text?A. NASA: The Home of Astronauts B.Space:The Final Homework FrontierC. Nature: An Outdoor Classroom D. HUNCH: A College Admission Reform第二节(共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Recycling: Beyond the DustbinRecycling is very important and necessary in today's world.The most important reason for this is that human progress and industry have made it possible for people to have lots of things,and when people have many material possessions, they are bound to throw some of them away.11. Recycling is a way for us to keep the world clean as items are broken down and used again, preventing the littering of the environment. Instead of throwing all your garbage into the dustbin, you should separate paper, metal, glass and plastic into different containers.12. They can be turned into valuable compost, which is the perfect plant food and soil disease fighter.13. You can see if an item has been made from recycled materials by its label. If it's been recycled, it will say so.Also instead of always buying new clothes, you can arrange to have a clothing exchange with your friends. You bring clothes you don't want and pick items you want from what other people have brought. Not only does this save the environment, but it also saves your money. 14. This saying can be applied to all sorts of things: books, CDs, furniture, etc. Also try shopping at second-hand stores, because they often have lots of items still in good shape for you to choose.Many countries have made it easy for people to recycle, as alongside the normal garbage trucks, special garbage trucks come and pick up recyclables. However, in some countries the responsibility is left up to the ordinary people to recycle. 15. Recycling represents just one way in which we can help the environment. But it is an effective one and one that we can actively influence.A. Fallen leaves can also be recycled.B. Having too many things causes a lot of garbage.C. You should try to buy products that have been recycled.D. Products made with recycled materials are as good as newE. This creates a lot of garbage which in turn destroys the environment.F. Remember, what is one person's unwanted object can be someone else's treasure!G. Therefore, it needs attention in society so we can continue to make our environment livable.第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分 45分)第一书(共20 个小题；每小题 1.5分，满分 30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Those who believe that they will never do well in a particular area probably never will. Those who believe they are not good at 16 will forever feel unprepared. But those who believe that it is 17 to succeed at what they attempt can surprise themselves.Adam was ready to 18 .His wife Anna, however, was 19 enthusiastic. As she explained to a friend, "Adam has 20 done anything that required physical strength. When he retires, he will sit in his easy chair and 21 me to bring him his food."But to Anna's 22 ,soon after her husband retired,he 23 a health club. Arriving home from exercise class one night, he announced, "I 24 for the wrestling tournament. I am going to 25 on Friday night." Anna was shocked. "Please don't do it, Adam. You're not in 26 . You will be so beat up that they will have to carry you home!" 27 , he couldn't be persuaded and she told him that if he really wanted to do it, she was not going to watch. 28 to her word, she stayed away as Adam wrestled. And just as she 29 , two men carried Adam home. He 30 down on the bed, every muscle pained and wounded. 31 she could speak, he cried out, "Don't say a(n) 32 ,Anna! This is not the worst of it. I 33 tonight. I have to wrestle again tomorrow night!"Nothing 34 in your life until you believe you can do things that are important to you. And if you have a low 35 of yourself, nobody else is likely to raise it.16. A. something B. nothing C. anything D. everything17. A. possible B. necessary C. impossible D. important18. A. travel B. retire C. remove D. leave19. A. much B. more C. less D. many20. A. always B. often C. again D. never21. A. expect B. warn C invite D. refuse22. A. sorrow B. surprise C. delight D. relief23. A. owned B. founded C. supported D. joined24. A. signed up B. made up C. took up D. came up25. A. prepare B. exercise C. wrestle D. consult26. A. place B. shape C. trouble D. practice27. A. Anyhow B. Moreover C. Therefore D. However28. A. True B. Exact C. Opposite D. Relevant29. A. advised B. promised C. predicted D. designed30. A. settled B. lay C. sat D. laid31. A. When B. After C. Before D. Until32. A. plan B. idea C. goal D. word33. A. lost B. won C. gained D. performed34. A. changes B. happens C. recovers D. reacts35. A. talent B. doubt C. suggestion D. opinion第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分 15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2020全国卷I) China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang'e-4 probe(探测器)-the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess-36. (touch)down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moon's far side is 37. (extreme)challenging. Because the moon's bodyblocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 38. it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular 39. (interesting)to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters(环形山),more so 40. the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope touse the instruments onboard Chang'e-4 41. (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. "This really excitesscientists," Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says,"because it 42. (mean) we have the chance to obtaininformation about how the moon 43. (construct)." Data about the moon's composition, such as how 44. ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 45. (it) plans for a future lunar(月球的) base are practical.第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节 应用文写作 (满分15分)某中学生英语报正在举办题为 “My Dream of Travelling in Space”的征文活动。请你用英语写一篇短文投稿。要点如下：1. 梦想去的星球；2. 想去梦想星球的理由。注意：词数100左右。 第二节 读后续写(满分25分)阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。It was an Art lesson. Rachel sat at the desk watching her classmates busy preparing the water jars and paints. She understood why Mrs Weston asked her to sit down and got Lisa to fetch everything for her. It was always a disaster when Rachel tried to do Art!Rachel