高考英语二轮复习外刊阅读训练18.docx

高考英语外刊阅读训练阅读理解：2022年美国高管薪酬逆市上涨【原标题】As video games grow, they are eating the media【原文】Warner bros released a new Harry Potter title last month and took $850m in two weeks. That made it the second-most-successful Potter launch in the film studios history. But “Hogwarts Legacy”, the title in question, was no movie: it was a video game.Warners hit is an example of how gaming is besting older media, both as a business and as a way for people to entertain themselves. Consumers are forecast to spend $185bn on games this year, five times what they will spend at the cinema and 70% more than they will allocate to streamers like Netflix. Once a childrens hobby, gaming has grown up. Console players in their 30s and 40s now outnumber those in their teens and 20s.Yet as gaming matures, it is not just rivalling other media. Rather like a ravenous Pac-Man, it is gobbling them up. While such intellectual property as Harry Potter may be finding success in game form, game franchises have themselves become the most in-demand kind of ip in other media. Apples “Tetris” movie, due out later this month, is the latest (and perhaps oddest) instance of Hollywood mining games for ideas as audiences tire of comic-book heroes. Amateur creators are doing the same. After music, gaming clips are the biggest content category on YouTube.At the same time, audiences are increasingly consuming old media through games. The latest season of “The Walking Dead”, a long-running television drama, took the form of an interactive game on Facebook. Musicians such as Ariana Grande perform concerts in “Fortnite”. The fitness video is giving way to the fitness game. Even social networking is partly migrating to the gaming arena. Platforms like Roblox provide children with a place to playbut also to hang out, chat and shop. In so far as anything resembling a metaverse yet exists, it exists in games.All this holds lessons for other industrieschiefly that, if you are in media, you need to be in gaming. Apple and Netflix are scrambling to complement their streaming offerings with games. Others are already there. In August Sony Pictures will release “Gran Turismo”, a film based on a Sony game which features songs by artists from Sony Music. Media firms that ignore gaming risk being like those that decided in the 1950s to sit out the tv craze.Governments should also pay attention. Their main concern so far has been whether games rot young minds (almost certainly not, especially if playing diverts them from social media). As gaming grows, bigger questions loom. Film and television, the engines of popular culture in the 20th century, are dominated by Hollywood. The contest in new media is more open. Western governments are waking up to the implications of the worlds hottest social-media app, TikTok, being Chinese-owned. Next they might consider what it means that China also made two of last years three highest-grossing mobile games.When video games were just electronic toys, this might not have mattered. But as games expand and spill into other formats, it is becoming clear that whoever dominates gaming is going to wield clout in every form of communication. In every sense, the future of the media is in play.【重点词汇】1. executive gzekjtv adj. 行政的，有执行权的；高档的，豪华的；供主管人员使用的；（有关）经营管理的，领导的 n. 主管，经理；行政部门，执行委员会；executives2. stock stk n. （商店的）现货，存货，库存；储备物，备用物；储备量，现有量；股本，资本；股份，股票；公债，公债券；家畜，牲畜；家族，世系；（动植物的）类，种类，种群；高汤，原汤；（用作刑具的）手足枷（stocks）；（工具的）柄，（尤指）枪托；名声，声望；紫罗兰；接穗，砧木；（草本植物多年生的）根茎，根状茎；（演出几种不同保留剧目的）专业剧团；信任，相信；（铁路上运行的）全部车辆（包括机车、车厢等）；（胶卷）原片；（牌戏中）发剩下的牌；（商品的）原材料；锚杆；主轴台，主轴箱（headstock 的简称）；尾架，尾座（tailstock 的简称）；（作为正式骑马服饰一部分的）白色领结，白色领带；（牧师衣领下系的）黑色领带；船台（stocks） v. （商店或工厂）储备，贮存；为备货，把填满；（尤指为某个特定时刻或目的而）备货，囤积；为（枪等火器）装枪托；出新芽 adj. 老一套的，陈腐的；（商店里）常备的，通常有的，库存的；（有关）电影资料镜头的 【名】 （stock）（德、匈、捷）施托克，（英、法、葡、瑞典）斯托克（人名）；stocks；stocks；stocking；stocked；stocked3. property prpt n. 所有物，财产；地产，房地产；房地产股票（或投资）（properties）；所有权，处置权；特性，性质；properties4. accord kd n. 协议，条约；符合，一致 v. 使受到，给予（某种待遇）；（与）一致，符合；accords；accords；according；accorded；accorded5. preliminary prlmnr adj. 初步的，预备的 n. 初步行动，准备工作；预赛，预试；preliminaries6. finding fand n. 结果，发现；判决，裁决；（制作服装、鞋子或首饰用的）一应小物件（或小工具） v. 找到，感到（fin. 的现在分词形式）；findings7. financial fanænl, f- adj. 财政的，金融的；有钱的；（俱乐部或社团成员）已缴费的 n. （组织或个人的）财务状况；金融公司股票8. despite dspat prep. 尽管，即使；不由自主地，忍不住地 n. 亵渎；轻蔑，鄙视 v. 蔑视；激怒；despites；despiting；despited；despited9. index ndeks n. 索引；（物价和工资等）指数；指标，量度；幂，根指数；指针 v. 为编索引，将编入索引；使指数化，将（工资）等与（物价水平等）挂钩；（机器，部件）转位；indexes；indices；indexes；indexing；indexed；indexed10. disclose dsklz v. 透露，公开；揭开，使显露；discloses；disclosing；disclosed；disclosed11. employee empl, mpl n. 雇员；employees12. fund fnd n. 基金，专款；资金，钱款；基金会；储备量 v. 资助，为提供资金 【名】 （fund)）（德）丰德（人名）；funds；funds；funding；funded；funded13. excessive ksesv adj. 过度的，过多的14. compensation kmpensen n. 赔偿金，补偿金；弥补，抵消；报酬，薪水15. bounce bans v. 弹起，反弹；跳动，蹦；（使）上下晃动；（用膝盖）颠动（孩子）；蹦蹦跳跳地去；拒付，退回（支票等）；退回（电子邮件）；驱逐，解雇；（向某人）透露主意（以试探其反应）；反复跳槽，来回往返某地；（光线或声音）反射；撞击，碰撞 n. 弹跳，跳动；弹性，弹力；活力，精力；（头发的）弹性，蓬松；突然的增长；bounces；bounces；bouncing；bounced；bounced16. remarkable rmkbl adj. 引人注目的，非凡的17. significant sgnfknt adj. 显著的，相当数量的；重要的，意义重大的；别有含义的，意味深长的 n. 象征，有意义的事物18. numb nm adj. 麻木的，失去感觉的；迟钝的，呆滞的 v. 使麻木，使失去知觉；使迟钝，使呆滞；使（某种感觉）减轻，使减弱；number；numbs；numbing；numbed；numbed19. prominent prmnnt adj. 重要的，著名的；显眼的，突出的；突起的，高耸的 n. 舟蛾（=prominen. moth）；prominents20. bonus bns n. 奖金，津贴，红利；意外收获，额外好处 【名】 （bonus）（西、塞）博努斯（人名）；bonuses；bonuses；bonusses；bonusing；bonussing；bonused；bonussed；bonused；bonussed21. dividend dvdend n. 红利，股息；好处，回报；（足球彩票的）彩金；被除数；dividends22. peer p n. 同龄人，同等地位的人，相匹敌的人；（英国）贵族 v. 凝视，费力地看；隐现；看见；匹敌 【名】 （peer）（美、爱、英）皮尔（人名）；peers；peers；peering；peered；peered23. security skjrt n. 保护措施，安全工作；保安部门；安检处；保障，保证；安全，安全感；抵押品，保证金；证券，债券；securities24. commission kmn n. 考察团，委员会；佣金，回扣；犯罪；委托，命令；（军队中的）官职，军衔；（尤指艺术品）委托制作；所授之权，代办权 v. 委托撰写，委托制作；委任，任命为军官；（使军舰）正式使用，服现役；commissions；commissions；commissioning；commissioned；commissioned25. versus vss prep. （比赛或诉讼中）以为对手，与竞争；与相对，与相比26. glimpse glmps n. 一瞥，一看；短暂的感受，短暂的体验 v. 瞥见；开始理解；闪烁，隐约出现；glimpses；glimpses；glimpsing；glimpsed；glimpsed27. frank fræk adj. 坦率的，直言不讳的；明白无误的，症状明显的 v. （在信件上）盖邮资已付印记，盖免付邮资印记；免费邮寄 n. 法兰克福熏肠；免费邮寄权 【名】 （frank）弗兰克（人名）；franks；franker；franks；franking；franked；franked28. metric metrk adj. 米制的，公制的；度规的；用诗体写的，格律诗的 n. 诗韵；衡量标准；度规；metrics29. derive drav v. 获得，取得；起源于，来自；提取，衍生（化学物质） 【名】 （derive）（法）德里夫（人名）；derives；deriving；derived；derived30. ratio reu n. 比率，比例；ratios31. scrutiny skrutn n. 仔细观察，详细审查；scrutinies32. identify adentfa v. 认出，识别；查明，确认；发现；证明（身份），表明；认同，理解；认为和一致；和（某人）打成一片；identifies；identifying；identified；identified【阅读理解练习题】1. What is the expected amount of money consumers will spend on games in 2021 compared to other media?A. Five times more than they will spend at the cinema.B. Seventy percent more than they will allocate to streamers like Netflix.C. Approximately $185bn.D. Both B and C.答案：D。第一段提到，消费者预计会在今年花费1850亿美元来玩游戏，比他们在电影和流媒体服务上的支出多70%，而第二段则提到他们在游戏上的支出将比在电影上的支出多五倍。2. What is the main message that the author wanted to convey through the “Hogwarts Legacy” example?A. Gaming is growing up, no longer being just a children's hobby.B. Gaming is besting older media as a way for people to entertain themselves.C. Games are becoming more successful and offer more money than movies.D. Both A and B.答案：D。第一段提到游戏和其他传统媒体相比，不仅作为商业渠道更好，也是人们娱乐自己的一种方法，而第一段的“Hogwarts Legacy”例子则指出了游戏正在成熟，不再只是孩子们的爱好。3. Why are media companies, such as Apple and Netflix, trying to complement their streaming offerings with games?A. To compete with gaming and stop it from dominating the media industry.B. Because audiences consume old media through games.C. To make more money by expanding their business into the gaming industry.D. Both B and C.答案：D。第二段指出游戏已经吞噬了其他媒体，同时第四段提到在媒体行业中，如果你不涉足游戏那就意味着你将失去一个巨大的市场份额。而由此推断，Apple和Netflix等公司补充他们的流媒体服务，也是为了在游戏行业拓展更多的业务和赚取更多的利润。4. What is the author's opinion on the impact of gaming on other media?A. Gaming is unlikely to take over other media completely, but it will become increasingly popular.B. The film and television industry will be dominated by the gaming industry.C. Audiences will move away from traditional media and only consume content through games in the future.D. None of the above.答案：A。第一段指出游戏正在超越其他传统媒体，成为人们娱乐自己最好的方式。然而，其它媒体仍然存在，因此可以推断出作者认为游戏可能不会完全接管其他媒体。但是，在第五段中作者也提到，谁掌握了游戏，谁就能在每种形式的通信中施加影响。5. What is the main takeaway for governments from the article?A. Governments should regulate gaming more strictly to protect younger generations.B. Governments should focus on who owns popular social media apps and mobile games.C. Governments should invest in the gaming industry to increase revenue.D. None of the above.答案：B。最后一段提到，各国政府应该对持有世界上最热门的社交媒体应用TikTok的中国公司应该持有怀疑态度。而在第十三段中，作者表达了对于游戏不断扩张和渗透其他媒体的担忧，因此可以推断出作者认为政府应该关注谁掌握这些游戏的知识产权。【长难句分析】More than a third of S&P 500 companies awarded executives more pay for 2022 than in 2021 even though they had negative total shareholder returns last year, according to a preliminary analysis of regulatory findings conducted by ISS Corporate Solutions (ICS) for the Financial Times.主句是主谓宾宾补结构（More than a third of S&P 500 companies awarded executives more pay），for 2022是介宾短语作时间状语，than in 2021是比较状语从句， even though they had negative total shareholder returns last year是让步状语从句。according to a preliminary analysis of regulatory findings是评注性状语，conducted by ISS Corporate Solutions (ICS) for the Financial Times是过去分词作后置定语。ISS Corporate Solutions (ICS)为英国金融时报对监管调查结果进行的初步分析显示，逾三分之一的标普500指数成分股公司在2022年向高管发放的薪酬高于2021年，尽管这些公司去年的股东总回报率为负。【语言点积累】学习buck的熟词僻义。这个词作及物或者不及物动词，表示to oppose something in a direct way，反抗；抵抗，例：He was a rebel who bucked the system (= opposed rules or authority). 他是一个反抗体制的叛逆者。Unemployment in the area has bucked the trend by falling over the last month. 这个地区的失业现象已经有所逆转，最近一个月来失业率下降了。此外，还可以其后接against，例：Initially, he had bucked against her restraints. 最初，他曾反抗过她的管束。【全文翻译】Warner bros released a new Harry Potter title last month and took $850m in two weeks. That made it the second-most-successful Potter launch in the film studios history. But “Hogwarts Legacy”, the title in question, was no movie: it was a video game.华纳兄弟公司上个月发布了一部新的哈利·波特，在两周内获得了8.5亿美元的票房。这使它成为该电影制片厂历史上第二次成功推出哈利·波特。但霍格华兹遗产这部电影并不是电影，而是一款电子游戏。Warners hit is an example of how gaming is besting older media, both as a business and as a way for people to entertain themselves. Consumers are forecast to spend $185bn on games this year, five times what they will spend at the cinema and 70% more than they will allocate to streamers like Netflix. Once a childrens hobby, gaming has grown up. Console players in their 30s and 40s now outnumber those in their teens and 20s.华纳的热播剧就是一个例子，说明游戏是如何击败旧媒体的，无论是作为一种商业还是作为人们娱乐的一种方式。预计今年消费者在游戏上的支出将达到1850亿美元，是他们在影院支出的五倍，比他们分配给Netflix等流媒体的支出多70%。游戏曾经是孩子们的爱好，现在已经长大了。现在，30多岁和40多岁的控制台玩家数量超过了十几岁和二十几岁的玩家。Yet as gaming matures, it is not just rivalling other media. Rather like a ravenous Pac-Man, it is gobbling them up. While such intellectual property as Harry Potter may be finding success in game form, game franchises have themselves become the most in-demand kind of ip in other media. Apples “Tetris” movie, due out later this month, is the latest (and perhaps oddest) instance of Hollywood mining games for ideas as audiences tire of comic-book heroes. Amateur creators are doing the same. After music, gaming clips are the biggest content category on YouTube.然而，随着游戏的成熟，它不仅仅可以与其他媒体竞争。就像一个贪婪的吃豆人，它正在吞噬它们。虽然像哈利·波特这样的知识产权可能在游戏形式上取得了成功，但游戏特许经营权本身已经成为其他媒体最受欢迎的ip。苹果公司的俄罗斯方块电影将于本月晚些时候上映，这是好莱坞在观众厌倦漫画英雄的情况下挖掘游戏创意的最新（也许也是最奇怪的）例子。业余创作者也在做同样的事情。在音乐之后，游戏剪辑是YouTube上最大的内容类别。At the same time, audiences are increasingly consuming old media through games. The latest season of “The Walking Dead”, a long-running television drama, took the form of an interactive game on Facebook. Musicians such as Ariana Grande perform concerts in “Fortnite”. The fitness video is giving way to the fitness game. Even social networking is partly migrating to the gaming arena. Platforms like Roblox provide children with a place to playbut also to hang out, chat and shop. In so far as anything resembling a metaverse yet exists, it exists in games.与此同时，观众越来越多地通过游戏消费旧媒体。最新一季的行尸走肉是一部长期播出的电视剧，在脸书上以互动游戏的形式出现。Ariana Grande等音乐家在“Fortnite”举行音乐会。健身视频正在让位于健身游戏。甚至社交网络也在一定程度上向游戏领域转移。像Roblox这样的平台为孩子们提供了一个玩耍、聊天和购物的地方。就目前存在的类似元宇宙的东西而言，它存在于游戏中。All this holds lessons for other industrieschiefly that, if you are in media, you need to be in gaming. Apple and Netflix are scrambling to complement their streaming offerings with games. Others are already there. In August Sony Pictures will release “Gran Turismo”, a film based on a Sony game which features songs by artists from Sony Music. Media firms that ignore gaming risk being like those that decided in the 1950s to sit out the tv craze.所有这些都为其他行业提供了教训，主要是如果你从事媒体行业，你就需要从事游戏行业。苹果（Apple）和网飞（Netflix）正争先恐后地用游戏来补充他们的流媒体产品。其他人已经在那里了。8月，索尼影业将发行GT赛车，这是一部根据索尼游戏改编的电影，其中收录了索尼音乐公司艺术家的歌曲。忽视游戏风险的媒体公司就像那些在20世纪50年代决定不参与电视热潮的公司一样。Governments should also pay attention. Their main concern so far has been whether games rot young minds (almost certainly not, especially if playing diverts them from social media). As gaming grows, bigger questions loom. Film and television, the engines of popular culture in the 20th century, are dominated by Hollywood. The contest in new media is more open. Western governments are waking up to the implications of the worlds hottest social-media app, TikTok, being Chinese-owned. Next they might consider what it means that China also made two of last years three highest-grossing mobile games.各国政府也应予以注意。到目前为止，他们主要担心的是游戏是否会腐蚀年轻人的心智（几乎可以肯定不会，尤其是如果游戏会转移他们对社交媒体的注意力）。随着游戏的发展，更大的问题迫在眉睫。电影和电视是20世纪流行文化的引擎，由好莱坞主导。新媒体的竞争更加公开。西方政府正在意识到世界上最热门的社交媒体应用TikTok由中国所有的影响。接下来，他们可能会考虑，这意味着中国也制作了去年票房最高的三款手机游戏中的两款。When video games were just electronic toys, this might not have mattered. But as games expand and spill into other formats, it is becoming clear that whoever dominates gaming is going to wield clout in every form of communication. In every sense, the future of the media is in play.当电子游戏只是电子玩具时，这可能并不重要。但随着游戏的扩展和渗透到其他形式，很明显，无论谁主导游戏，都将在各种形式的交流中发挥影响力。从各个方面来说，媒体的未来都在发挥作用。学科网（北京）股份有限公司