Unit5课文及语法讲义 牛津深圳版八年级英语下册.docx

课题八年级下册Unit 5 Save endangered animals课文讲解及语法教学重点population obligation raise file weight a kind of rest cruelIts/was + adj. + to do sth. enoughto do sth.too形容词/副词原形to do something one of教学难点population obligation raise file weight a kind of rest cruelIts/was + adj. + to do sth. enoughto do sth.too形容词/副词原形to do something one of1、 回顾U4知识Unit 4 Cartoons and comic strips(单词短语复习）词 形 词性音 标中 文 意 思默写默写默写1cartoon n.k'tun2warning n.'wn3role-play v.'rul,plei4symbol n.'smb()l5bubble n.'bb()l6thought n.t7rough adj.rf8sketch n.sket9program n.'prræm10record v.'rekd1effect n.'fekt2basic adj.'besk3stage n.sted 4pleasantadj.'plez()nt5detailed adj.'diteld6appear v.'p7actor n.'ækt8matchv.mæt9separately adv.'sep()rtl10play v.ple1score v.sk2team n.tim3star n.st4mystery n.mstri5island n.'alnd6storm n.stm7jacket n.'dækt8waven.wev短语固搭 comic strip连环漫画 pop out 睁大；张大；瞪起 decide on决定；选定 video camera 摄像机 make it获得成功play against同比赛 weather forecast 天气预报 life jacket救生衣 thank goodness 谢天谢地二、U5内容讲解：一、词汇精讲 1. population population意为“人口”时，是一个集体名词，被看作一个整体，在句中做主语时，后面的谓语动词用单数形式。例如： China has a quarter of the worlds population. 中国人口占世界人口的四分之一。【拓展】（1）当表示一个城市、地区或国家有多少人口时，常用以下两种结构，即“the population of + 某地 + is + 数词”或“某地 + has a population of + 数词”。例如： The population of London is over ten million. = London has a population of over ten million. 伦敦的人口超过一千万。（2） population可与large，small搭配，但不能与many，few搭配。例如： The city with its large population has become crowded.这个人口众多的城市变得拥挤不堪了。（3）询问人口数量常用what或how large。例如：Whats the population of the city? = How large is the population of the city? 这个城市有多少人口？（4）population前有修饰词，如分数、百分数时，表示整体人口中的一部分，谓语动词复数形式。例如： Half of the population of the city are farmers. 这个城市的一半人口是农民。2. obligation obligation 名词， 意为“义务，责任”。under an obligation 意为“有义务”，under no obligation 意为“没有义务”。例如： A citizen has certain obligation to society. 一个公民对社会有一定的义务。 Every student is under an obligation to keep the school rules. 每个学生都有义务遵守校规。 He is under no obligation to do that. 他没有义务那么做。3. file file 作名词，意为“文件，文件夹，档案”等。例如： Put this letter in the main file.将这函件放入文卷总档中。 I cant access the file on your company because Ive forgotten the code.我无法读取贵公司的文件, 因为我把计算机的密码忘了。 Mary came into the classroom with a blue file in her hand. 玛丽手里拿着一个蓝色的文件夹走进教室。 【拓展】file 作动词，意为“把归档”。例如：Ill file these letters away as soon as possible. 我将尽快将这些信件归档。4. raise（1）raise是及物动词，意为“举起,抬起”。例如：He raised his glass and said，“Your health, Carl.”他举起了杯子说道：“祝你健康,卡尔” 。If you want to ask a question, first raise your hand.如果你要问问题，请先举手。（2）raise还表示“招募，筹集”。例如： They are going to raise funds for the school buildings. 他们将为盖校舍筹集资金。The foolish prince raised an army against his father.那个愚蠢的王子招募军队反对他的父亲。（3）raise还表示“提高（音量、某种水平）”。例如：The ticket price was raised to 30 yuan. 票价上升到了30元。The speaker raised his voice so that we could hear him.演讲者提高了声音，以便我们都能听到。5. weight（1）weight 名词，意为“重量”，put on weight 意为“体重增加，变胖”。其反义短语是“lose weight”, 意为“减肥”。例如： If you eat too much, youll put on weight. 如果你吃的太多，你会变胖的。（2）weigh 动词，意为“重，称重量”。“weigh +重量”意为“重量是”，weigh sb. / sth. 意为“称的重量”。例如： Do you know how Cao Chong weighed the elephant? 你知道曹冲是如何称象的吗？6. a kind of a kind of 意为“一种”；all kinds of 意为“各种各样的”。常用来修饰名词。例如：This is a kind of bird. 这是一种鸟。 There are all kinds of birds in the tree. 树上有各种各样的鸟。There are many kinds of fishes in the lake. 湖里有许多种鱼。【拓展】 kind of意为“有点”，相当于“a little”。例如： I am kind of hungry. = I am a little hungry. 我有点饿了。7. rest （1）rest用作名词，意为“剩余部分”。“the rest of”意为“的剩余部分”。例如： They ate some of the food and kept the rest for supper. 他们吃了一部分食物。把其余的留作晚餐。 But what the rest of them? 但是他们其余的人怎么办呢？ （2）rest 作名词还以意为“休息”。例如： We should stop to have a rest. 我们应该停下来休息一下。 （3）rest 作动词，意为“休息，使休息”。例如： They rested for half an hour. 他们休息了一个小时。8. cruel cruel 形容词，意为“残酷的，残忍的”。Its cruel of sb. to do sth. 意为“某人做某事很残忍”。be cruel to 意为“对残酷/残忍”。例如： What a cruel sight it is! 这是多么残忍的景象！ Tigers are cruel by nature. 老虎生性残忍。 It was cruel of him to kick his sick mother out. 他把生病的母亲撵出去真是很残忍。 Dont be cruel to animals. 不要虐待动物。词汇精练I. 英汉互译。 1. in the wild _ 2. 至少_ 3. at birth _ 4. 听说_ 5. 砍倒_ 6. close to _ 7. 一种，一类_ 8. 擅长_ 9. on ones own_ 10. make a mistake _II. 根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词。 1. The p_ of this town is about twenty thousand.2. The baby w_ three kilos at birth.3. The shops are in a _ (中心的) position in the city.4. It was _ (残忍的) to kill the animals.5. A waiter offer him the _ (菜单).6. The beginning of the story is boring but the r_ is interesting.7. Every citizen is under an _ (义务) to protect our environment.8. There are lots of _ (巨大的) buildings in Beijing.9. People come from _ (到处，处处) to celebrate the victory.10. My teacher came into the classroom with a _ (文件夹) in his hand。III. 根据句意，用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. He was _ ( birth) on January 15, 1990. 2. Please state your height and _ (weigh). 3. Most _ (adult) have no time to catch cartoons. 4. WWF is an _ (organize) which cares for wild animals. 5. She spent two hours _ (write) the letter. 6. Its very _ (danger)for children to cross the busy street. 7. Our class is organizing a talent show_ ( raise) money for charity. 8. They searched all the drawers for the _ (miss) paper. 9. He is quite willing _ (provide) food for them. 10. I think teenagers should be allowed _ (go) out with their friends.二、句式精讲1. Its/was + adj. + to do sth. It is/was + adj. + to do sth.意为“做某事是的”，to do sth.为句子的真正的主语，而it为形式主语，形式主语不能用别的词来代替，句中可在形容词后加for sb.，意为“对于某人来说，做某事是的”。例如： Its important for us to learn a foreign language. 对我们来说，学习一门外语是相当重要的。 Its necessary for us to eat more fruit and vegetables. 对我们来说，多吃蔬菜和水果是必要的。【拓展】 这个句型中的for sb.有时也可以用of sb. 二者意义有区别： （1）在Its + adj. + for sb. to do sth. 中，for sb.意为“对某人来说”，句中的形容词是用来说明to do sth.的，形式主语只能用it。例如： Its necessary for the students to do some housework. 对于学生们来说，做些家务是十分必要的。 （2）在Its + adj. + of sb. to do sth. 中of sb. 意为“某人”，句中形容词可与逻辑主语sb. 构成系表结构，即形容词是用来说明或形容sb.（某人）的。例如： Its very kind of you to help us. 你能帮助我们真是太好了。2. The baby panda is not old enough to eat bamboo. （1）enoughto do sth. “有足够的做某事”。例如： I dont have enough time to eat lunch. 我没有足够的时间吃午饭。 （2）enough to do可以同tooto或sothat结构互相转换。例如： He isnt old enough to go to school. = He is too young to go to school. = He is so young that he cant go to school. 他太小而不能上学。【拓展】（1）enough是形容词，意为“充足的，充分的，足够的”，可作表语或定语，作定语时，可放在名词的前面或后面。例如： The food is enough for the trip. 用于这次旅行的食物足够了。 I have enough time to watch TV. 我有足够的时间看电视。 （2）enough还可作副词，意为“足够的”，这时enough需放在所修饰的形容词或副词后面。例如： The young man is strong enough to carry the heavy bag. 那个年轻人足够强壮能搬动重包。3. The baby panda is too young to eat bamboo. 句型 too形容词/副词原形to do something的意思是“太而不能”，这个句型可以和not形容词/副词原形enough to do或 so形容词/副词原形that从句相互转换。You are too young to go to school.= You are not old enough to go to school. = You are so young that you can't go to school.你太小了，还不能上学。4. The fish will die if the river is polluted.本句中的if意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句。在条件状语从句中，如果主句为一般将来时态，if引导的从句需要用一般现在时态。例如： Ill tell him if I meet him. 如果我碰到他，我会告诉他。 If it doesnt rain tomorrow，well go to the park. 如果明天不下雨，我们就去公园。 【拓展】if 意为“是否”时，引导宾语从句，有时可以与whether换用。 例如：I dont know if my mother will come back next week. 我不知道我妈妈下周是否回来。5. In September 1987, one of the birds went missing.one of意为“中的一个”或“之一”，后接复数名词，当名词前有形容词修饰时，形容词应用其最高级形式。one of作主语时，应看成单数。例如：One of the girls is my sister. 这群女孩当中有一个是我的妹妹。Mike is one of the tallest students in our class. 迈克是我们班最高的学生之一。Miss Li is one of the most popular teachers in our school. 李老师是我们学校最受欢迎的老师之一。句式精练I. 根据汉语提示，完成英语句子（每空一词）。 1. 她是我们班最漂亮的女生之一。 She is _ _ the _ beautiful girls in our class. 2. 那个箱子太重了，我搬不动它。 The box is _ heavy _ _ _carry it. 3. 如果我们去长城，我会给你打电话。 I _ _ you _ we _ to the Great Wall. 4. 解决这个问题对我来说太难了。 _ _ _ for me _ _ the problem. 5. 这里有足够的空间可以放一把椅子。 There is _ _ to put a chair. 6. 这个房间足够容纳一百人。 The room is _ _ to hold a hundred people. 7. 大熊猫是一种熊。 A giant panda is _ _ _ bear. 8. 它们居住在那儿的竹林里。 They live in _ _ _ there. 9. 这座桥足够高，可以让这艘船从它下面经过。 The bridge is _ _ to let the ship go under it. 10. 我们派人到学校告诉孩子们关于保护这些动物的重要性。 We send people to school _ _ children about the _ of _ these animals. II. 句型转换，每空一词。 1. The boy is too young to go school. (改为同义句) The boy is _ _ _ to go to school. 2. He is so old that he can go to work. (改为同义句) He is _ _ to go work.3. For students, to study English well is important. (改为同义句) _ _ _ _ to study English well.4. You should look after your sick mother. (改为同义句) You should _ _ _ your sick mother.5. 1,600 pandas live in the world. (对划线部分提问) _ _ pandas live in the wild?6. The panda is so young that it cant eat bamboo. (改为简单句) The panda is _ young _ eat bamboo.population obligation raise file weight a kind of rest cruelIts/was + adj. + to do sth. enoughto do sth.too形容词/副词原形to do something one of八年级下册U5课后作业I. 单项选择。1. We will have a trip if it _. A. not rain B. wont rain C. dont rain D. doesnt rain2Mark Twain is one of the _ writers in the USA. Amost famous Bmore famous Cbetter-known Dmost well-known3My uncle doesnt like fast food，so he _ eats itAalways Boften Csometimes Dseldom4Its so brave _ the soldier to save the boys lifeAto Bof Cfor5One third of the population of that town _ workers Ais Bare Cwas Dbe6The baby weighed two kilos _ birthBut now he has become a big boy Aon Bfor Cat Din7Lucy was _ excited _ say anything when she heard the good news Aso，that Bso，to Ctoo，to Denough，to8To _ nature is to help ourselves，or we will be punished Aprotect Bprevent Cprovide Dpollute9It is difficult _ this girl to solve the problem by herselfAat Bfor Cof Din10Jim is strong enough _ the heavy boxAto carry Bcarry Ccarrying Dcarried11Please tell us _ nextAhow to do Bwhat to do Cwhat to do it Dso strong12There _ a number of books on the shelf，and the number of them _ 60Ais；are Bis；is Care；is Dare；are13Nick has problems _Theres something wrong with his feetAwalk Bwalks Cwalking Dwalked14_ her husband，she has now become a famous film starABecause BThanks to CThanks for DWith the help15What did your teacher say yesterday?She told us _ eat in classAto not Bnot to Cdo not Ddidnt附加选择题1Its necessary for us _ learn English well. A. to learn B. learning C. learn D. learns2Youd better travel around Nanjing with a local tour guide _ you want to know more about its cultureAunlessBuntilCalthoughDif3Its very nice _ pictures for me. A. of you to draw B. for you to draw C. for you drawing D. of you drawingII. 完形填空。 Many people are interested in buying a dog because a dog can be a good friend to youBut if you choose the wrong kind of dog，it can cause you a lot of 1 Family should sit down and discuss the problems before 2 a dogEven if the children in your family are the ones who want the dog，the parents are the ones who are really responsible for seeing that the animal is properly cared forIf you dont 3 much about dogs，its a good idea to go to the 4 for books about different kinds of dogs，as well as books about how to 5 a young dogDogs of different kinds change in popularity as the years go byOne of the 6 dogs these years is the German shepherdThis is because it 7 protectionThe family should 8 that these dogs grow up to be very big，and may be too powerful for childrenIf your house is not big，a toy dog may be a good 9 These dogs are very 10 and easy to trainAnd you dont need to walk them every day1Ahappiness Btrouble Cfun Dinterests2Aselling Bbuy Cbuying Dsell3Aknow Btell Ctalk Dwant4Abank Blibrary Chospital Dpost office5Atrain Btraining Ctrains Dtrained6Apopular Bmore popular Cmost popular Dvery popular7Aprovides Bbrings Ctakes Dgets8Awarn Bbe warned Cbeing warn Dwarned9Achoose Bchooses Cchoice Dchose10Abig Bsmall Chigh DlongIII. 阅读理解。 A Dear readers，Imagine a little girl who knows there will not be enough food for dinner，who cant fill her stomach with water because its polluted（被污染），and who has watched lives slipped away（消失）from her father，little brother and sister because the family is too poor to see a doctorShe would gladly walk miles to school，but her mother needs her badly（非常）at homeWhat will her future be?Is it hard to believe? For Maria Pestora，it is real lifeBut with just 52 pennies a day，you can sponsor（资助）a child like MariaThrough“Save the Children”，you can help Marias mother get the tools and ways she needs to turn their poor food into a good dinner，and get the money she needs to buy clothes and school things for MariaTo hel