中考英语阅读理解知识点汇总(全).pdf
中考英语阅读理解知识点汇总（全）经典一、中考英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析）1.阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。In 1845,a deadly disease struck the farms of Ireland,killing all the Lumper potato plants.Inanother place or time,the death of single crop species（物种）might not have been soimportant.But in Ireland,in 1845,people depended almost solely on the potato for food.Thedeath of one species caused a terrible famine（饥荒）.Now,some scientists are worried that sucha famine could happen again,but on a much wider scale.Over the centuries,farmers have discovered thousands of different species of food crops.Eachspecies has special qualities.Some can be grown in very hot or cold climates.Others are notaffected by certain diseases.However,you wont find many of these species in your localsupermarket.To feed the seven billion people on Earth,most farmers today are growing onlyspecies of plants and farming only species of animals that are easy to produce in large numbers.For example,in the Philippines,there were once thousands of varieties of rice:now fewerthan 100 are grown there.In China,90 percent of the wheat varieties grown just a century agohave disappeared.Scientists believe that over the past century,we have allowed more than halfof the worlds food varieties to disappear.One solution to this problem is to collect and store the seeds（种子）as many different plantvarieties as we can before they disappear.The idea was first suggested by Russian scientistNikolay Vavilov.In the 1920s and 1930s,he collected around 400,000 seeds from five contients.More recently,others are continuing the work he began.In the U.S.state of Iowa,Diane Ott Whealy wanted to protect historic plant varieties,like theseeds her great-grandfather brought to the U.S.from Germany more than a hundred years ago.She and her husband started a place called Heritage Farm,where people can store and tradeseeds.More importantly,the people at Heritage Farm dont just store the seeds;they plant them.Bydoing this,they are reintroducing foods into the marketplace that havent been grown for years.These food species are not just special in terms of appearance or taste.They also offer farmersfood solutions for the future,from the past.（1）What is this passage mainly about?A.The need to protect different food species.B.How to increase the number of food species.C.The fact that many food species are dying out.D.How to prevent food species from disappearing.(2)Why are some scientists worried that such a famine could happen again?A.Because people depend on certain species of food crops.B.Because the same deadly disease may attack crops again.C.Because the worlds population is larger than that in 1845.D.Because farmers grow the same potatoes as those in the past.(3)The following sentence would best be placed at the end of.Meanwhile,thousands of other species are dying out.A.Paragraph 1 B.Paragraph 2 C.Paragraph 3 D.Paragraph 4(4)What can we learn from the passage?A.The disease spread very quickly and killed thousands of people in Ireland.B.Around 80 percent of the rice varieties in the Philippines have disappeared.C.People have been storing seeds to save plane varieties for less than 100 years.D.Heritage Farm is the first place in the U.S.for people to store and trade seeds.【答案】(l)D(2)A(3)B(4)A【解析】【分析】主要讲了人们发现方法来阻止食物物种消失。(1)主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了人们发现方法来阻止食物物种消失，故选D。(2)细节题。根据 in 1845,people depended almost solely on the potato for food.The death ofone species caused a terrible famine(饥荒),Now,some scientists are worried that such a faminecould happen again,but on a much wider scale.可知人们依赖单一的土豆或者食物，所以科学家担心饥荒再次来临，故选A。(3)推断题。根据第二段 However,you wont find many of these species in your localsupermarket.在超市里不能发现这些物种，因为一些正在灭绝，故选B。(4)细节题。根据 But in Ireland,in 1845,people depended almost solely on the potato for food.The death of one species caused a terrible famine(饥荒).可知疾病迅速蔓延，给爱尔兰的人们带去了饥荒，故选A。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。2.阅读理解Of course you dont want to be sick in your vacation.So what can you do while traveling?There are three things you should remember:relax,sleep and eat well.A vacation is a time for relaxing,but very often it is not.Think about what you do when youare a tourist.There are so many places to visit:shops,parks,churches and temples(寺庙).Youmay spend most of the days walking around these places.Tourists can be very tiring.Do not askyour body to do too much.A tired body means a weak body.A weak body gets sick easily.So sitdown for a few hours in a nice place.In good weather;look for a quiet park bench.Sleep is also important.If you want to stay healthy,you need to get enough sleep.Your hotelroom may be noisy,or the bed may be too hard.Or you may want to stay out late at night.Thenyou should plan to sleep for an hour during the day.The extra hour can make a big difference.Finally,if you want to stay healthy,you must eat well.That means eating the right kinds of food.Your body need fresh fruit,vegetables,meat,milk and cheese.So remember this:if you want to enjoy your vacation,take good care of yourself.Give yourbody some rest.Get enough sleep and eat healthy food.(1)You should while traveling.A.eat well B.walk all the time C.do shopping D.ask your body to do a lot(2)Traveling is u s u a l l y.A.easy B.noisy C.tiring D.dangerous(3)You must to enjoy your traveling.A.visit parks B.go to churches and templesC.walk around the places D.get enough sleep and eat healthy food(4)The underlined word extra means here.A.one more B.more than one C.usual D.different(5)The passage tells us in traveling.A.how to work B.how to take care of ourselvesC.what places to visit D.When to travel【答案】(1)A(2)C(3)D(4)A(5)B【解析】【分析】文章讲述了我们如何在旅行中照看好自己。首先要注意放松，不要太累，其次要有好的睡眠；同时还要吃健康的食物，只有这样才能好好的享受旅游。（1）细节题。根据 There are three things you should remember:relax,sleep and eat well 有三件事你应该记住:放松、睡觉和吃好，可知旅行是我们要吃好，故选A。（2）推理题。Tourists can be very tiring游客可能会很累，可知旅行通常很累，故选 Co（3）细节题。根据 if you want to enjoy your vacation,take good care of yourself.Giveyour body some rest.Get enough sleep and eat healthy food 如果你想享受假期，好好照顾 自己。让你的身体休息一下。获得足够的睡眠，吃 健 康 的 食 物，可知你必须获得足够的睡眠，吃健康的食物才能享受旅行，故选D。（4）词义猜测题0 Then you should plan to sleep for an hour during the day 那么你应该计划白天睡一个 小 时，可知白天的睡眠是额外的，故 extra是 one more额外的，故选 Ao（5）主旨题。根据文章讲述了我们如何在旅行中照看好自己。首先要注意放松，不要太累，其次要有好的睡眠；同时还要吃健康的食物，只有这样才能好好的享受旅游，可知本文告诉我们旅行时如何照顾好自己，故选Bo【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题四种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。3.阅读理解Its reported that more than 450 million Chinese have myopia（近视）.Around 30 percent forprimary school students,60 percent for junior high students and 80 percent for senior highstudents are nearsighted.Maybe this is because students spend a lot of time reading books andusing electronic products.Parents might have tried to do something to fix it,such as having their children get eyemassages（按摩）,take medicine or even get surgery.People who offer these services or productsoften promise that they can reduce（缓解）or even cure（治愈）myopia.However;you will no longer see advertisements like this before long.The government hasmade a notice to ban（禁止）this kind of advertisements.The notice bans businesses from usingwords like recovery（恢复）and myopia cure in their advertisements.The notice says thatmyopia cannot be completely cured with medical technology now.As a result,theseadvertisements could mislead children and their parents.To reduce myopia among young people,the government made a new plan last August.Theplan limits（限制）not only the time children play video games but also the production of newvideo games.Young people can prevent and control myopia by spending more time outside and less time infront of books or computers.People who have eyesight problems should go to a hospital and leta doctor decide what to do.(1)Whats the myopia rate of junior high students according to the passage?A.30%.B.45%.C.60%,D.80%.(2)Parents might do the following EXCEPT _ to fix myopia according to Paragraph 2.A.have their children get eye massagesB.buy them special glassesC.make their children take medicineD.get their children to do surgery(3)You wont see advertisements on myopia with the word _ in the near future.A.recovery B.eyesight C.medical D.reduce(4)Which sentence is True according to Paragraph 4 and 5?A.Students in lower grades are easy to get myopia.B.Production of new video games has been limited.C.Spending less time outdoors is good for childrens eyesight.D.The notice gives advice on protecting the eyesight of elderly people.(5)What can we learn from the passage?A.Dont believe the advertisements.B.Students shouldnt be allowed to play video games.C.The government and people are saving childrens eyesight.D.Myopia can be cured with the medical technology at present.【答案】(1)c(2)B(3)A(4)B(5)C【解析】【分析】大意：据报道有4 亿 5 千多万中国人患有近视，政府和其他的人正在想办法拯救孩子的近视。(1)细节题。根据 60 percent for junior high students and 80 percent for senior high studentsare nearsighted.可知，60%的初中生患有近视，故选C。(2)细节题。根据 such as having their children get eye massages(按 摩),take medicine oreven get surgery.可知，父母为了解决孩子的近视，帮助自己孩子按摩，吃药，甚至做手术，但是没有提到给孩子买特殊眼镜，故选B。(3)细节题。根据 The notice bans businesses from using words like recovery(恢 复)andmyopia cure in their advertisements.可知，政府禁止有关近视的广告上使用 恢复或治愈近视等字样来欺骗用户，故选A。(4)细节题。根据 The plan limits(限 制)not only the time children play video games but alsothe production of new video games.可知，政府限制新的视频游戏的产品，故选B。(5)主旨题。据报道有4 亿 5 千多万中国人患有近视，政府和其他的人正在想办法拯救孩子的近视。故选C。【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题和主旨题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题需要从文中寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。4.阅读理解WHATS ON THIS WEEKENDFilms at the MuseumTwo European films will be on this Saturday afternoon at the Museum Theatre.SeeBroken Window at 1:30.The workers will be at 3:45.For further information,call 498-7898.Captain Good FellowDo your children enjoy interesting stories,funny games,and exciting dances?CaptainGood Fellow will be ready to teach all these things to children of all ages at the City Squareon Saturday morning at 10:00.Free.International PicnicAre you tired of eating the same food every day?Come to Central Park on Saturdayand enjoy food from all over the world.Delicious and not expensive.Noon to 5:00 p.m.Do You Want to Hear The ZooThe Zoo,a popular rock group from Australia,will give their first US concert at 8:00p.m.at Rose Hall,City College,Sunday.(1)How can you get more information about the films at the Museum Theatre?A.By writing a letter.B.By sending an email.C.By making a telephone call.D.By looking through the website.(2)Children cannot enjoy _at the City Square on Saturday morning.A.interesting stories B.funny games C.wonderful pictures D.exciting dances(3)Where can you taste delicious and cheap food on Saturday afternoon?A.At the City Square.B.At the Central Park.C.At the Museum Theatre.D.At the Rose Hall,City College.(4)What can we do at Rose Hall,City College at 8:00 p.m.z Sunday?A.See a film.B.Listen to a speech.C.Watch an animal show.D.Enjoy rock music.(5)What kind of writing is this passage?A.An advertisement(广 告).B.A novel.C.A play.D.News.【答案】(l)C(2)C(3)B(4)D(5)A【解析】【分析】大意：介绍四则广告，它们分别介绍了电影、大好人、野餐和动物园。(1)细节题。For further information,call 498-7898.可以通过打电话获取更多相关信息，故选C。(2)细节题。根据 Do your children enjoy interesting stories,funny games,and exciting dances?可知，孩子们可以享受有趣的故事，有趣的游戏和让人兴奋的舞蹈，但 是 City Square并未提到图画，故选C。(3)细节题。根据 Come to Central Park on Saturday and enjoy food from all over the world.可知，可以去中心公园品尝又美味又便宜的食物，故选B。(4)细节题。根据 The Zoo,a popular rock group from Australia,will give their first US concertat 8:00 p.m.at Rose Hall,City College,Sunday.可知,可以在那享受摇滚音乐，故选 Do(5)推断题。这是一篇广告，它们分别介绍了电影、大好人、野餐和动物园，故选A。【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题、推断题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题需要从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。5.阅读理解Hi,guys!Last week 1 read a book called Rabbits in Australia.Rabbits lookcute,but when they enter in large numbers,its a problem.In Australia,rabbits have crowded into the land.They eat the plants that farmers grow.They eat the plants other animals need to eat,so other animals find it hardto live.56Amy0JanieThese days Im reading Moby Dick.Its considered to be the GreatAmerican Novel,or one of the greatest novels of all time.The story takesplace on a whaling ship that sails the seas to find Moby Lick,a very largewhale.(1)What are Amy,Daniel and Simon talking about?aSimonWell,1 love detective stories.Last month 1 read The Stolen Letter.Thewriter brings me into the story of his characters lives.He also introduces asense of mystery in the story.It keeps me interested until the very end ofthe story.A.Listening.B.Speaking.C.Reading.D.Writing.(2)The rabbits in the book Rabbits in Australia_.A.are very cute B.are in small numbersC.cause a problem D.find it hard to live in Australia(3)What type of book is Moby Dick?A.Science.B.Novel.C.Detective story.D.Travel.(4)What do we know about the book The Stolen Letter?A.Its set in Australia.B.Its about the writers life.C.Its story happens on a ship.D.There*s a sense of mystery in it.【答案】(l)C(2)C(3)B(4)D【解析】【分析】主要讲了 Amy、Daniel和 Simon谈论了自己的读书。(1)细节题。根据第一个表格 Hi,guys!Last week I read a book called Rabbits in Australia.第二个表格 These days Im reading Moby Dick.第三个表格 Well,I love detective stories.可知他们在谈论读书，故选C。(2)细节题。根据 In Australia,rabbits have crowded into the land.They eat the plants thatfarmers grow.They eat the plants other animals need to eat,so other animals find it hard to live.在澳大利亚，兔子已经挤进了陆地。他们吃农民种的植物。它们吃其他动物需要吃的植物，所以其他动物觉得很难生存，所以兔子导致了一个问题，故选C。(3)细节题。根据 These days Im reading Moby Dick.Its considered to be the Great AmericanNovel,or one of the greatest novels of all time.可知它是一部小说，即 novel,故选 B。(4)名田节题。根据 Last month I read The Stolen Letter.He also introduces a sense of mystery inthe story.可知这本书透露了神秘感，故选D。【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。6.阅读理解When you speak to foreigners,what will you do if you cant understand their languages?Willyou use your body language to help you,or just say sorry to them and then go away?Learningspoken language is very important,but learning local gestures(手势)is also very necessary.I often use gestures to communicate with someone whose language I dont know.We use ourhands to talk with each other.Although we dont understand the others words,our handmovements make our conversation more necessary.However,gestures arent always clear.Different gestures may have different meanings in differentcountries and cultures.In many countries,people move their hands at someone to call him to come near.In theUnited States,people usually move hands at somebody with their palms(手掌)up andsometimes move just one finger.But in many countries in Asia,hand movements like that wouldbe impolite.In Asia,many people move hands at someone with their palms down using allfingers.Do you use your thumb,your thick short finger to make gestures?In western countries,thumbs-up means agreement.But it is very rude in parts of Africa.If you want to say OK in America,you can make a circle with the thumb and the secondfinger.But in France,it means zero*,and it is very rude in many other countries.You can use your second finger to point at something but not at somebody in the UnitedStates.However,in some parts of Europe,Asia and Afr
