中考英语阅读理解选择题(难)经典1(一).pdf

中考英语阅读理解汇编练习试卷一、中考英语阅读理解(含答案详细解析)1.阅读材料，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。Fresh green grass,Hundreds of colorful wild flowers.Water running into little pools.Birdsmaking their homes in boxes.The 9,500-square-metre Augustenborg Botanical Garden may lookjust like any other well-organized park but theres a difference.It lies on the roofs(屋 顶)ofindustrial and office buildings in the city of Malmo in Sweden.Green roofs are not a new invention.And now they are getting popular again.The commonroofs of a modern city have endless black surfaces with no life or water.Perhaps thats why agarden on a roof becomes such a perfect choice for more and more people.Green roofs are not just pretty.They also help to moderate the city temperature.The hightemperatures on common roofs in the summer can make top floor flats uncomfortably hot.Whatis more,they play a part in making the cities hotter than the countryside around them,causingthe urban heat-island effect.On a green roof,however,with its plants and water,temperatureschange only a little,as they do in a park.This can greatly cut the costs of heating and cooling inthe building below.Also,a green roof takes in rain water;and protects the city drainage(排 水)system.A And small animals and birds can make their homes on it.Thanks to this,the citymay become part of nature,rather than something completely separate from it.While the cost of building such a roof can still be higher,it can be cheaper in the long term as aresult of energy savings.And wouldnt it be wonderful to be able to walk out into a garden highabove the citys noise and traffic,whether youre at school or in an office or just at home in aten-floor block?(1)With the example of Augustenborg Botanical Garden,the writer wants to e x pl a i n.A.how wildlife is protectedB.what a green roof is likeC.how to organize a good parkD.what to do with a spare roof(2)The underlined word moderate in Paragraph 3 is the closest in meaning to A.raise B.check C.record D.control(3)Which of the following is the best sentence to fill in the blank in Paragraph 4?A.A green roof is alive.B.A green roof stops pollution.C.A common roof is noisy.D.A common roof increases the cost.(4)The purpose of the passage is to.A.discover the problems with green roofsB.introduce the change of green roofsC.show the amazing beauty of green roofsD.describe the advantages of green roofs【答案】(1)B(2)D(3)A(4)D【解析】【分析】文章大意：介绍了绿色屋顶的优点。(1)理解归纳题。根据文中的语句 The 9,500-square-metre Augustenborg Botanical Gardenmay look just like any other well-organized park but theres a difference.It lies on the roofs(屋顶)of industrial and office buildings in the city of Malmo in Sweden.理解可知，介绍Augustenborg Botanical Garden的主要目的就是介绍绿色屋顶是什么样子的，故选B。(2)词义理解题。根据文中的语句 They also help to moderate the city temperature.The hightemperatures on common roofs in the summer can make top floor flats uncomfortably hot.理解可知，绿色屋顶可以控制城市的温度，故选D。(3)细节理解题。根据文中的语句 And small animals and birds can make their homes on it.Thanks to this,the city may become part of nature,rather than something completely separatefrom it.可知，绿色屋顶充满了生机，故选A。(4)主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了绿色屋顶的优点，故 选 D。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题，词义推断题，推理判断题和主旨题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案;主旨题，词义推断题以及判断题都需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出正确选项。2.阅读下列材料，从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳答案。A young woman traveled and stayed in a hotel.All the rooms in the hotel were singles(单人间).So she lived in a single room.Just when she was going to bed,there was a knock at the door.She had no friends in the city.So she was quite surprised but still opened the door.The man who was standing at the door looked a little nervous.Oh!Im sorry.I thought thiswas my room,the man said and walked away in a hurry.The woman called the police at once.Soon,the man was caught.He was a thief(小偷)!Buthow did the woman know that?All the rooms in the hotel were singles.Who would knock at his own door if he was stayingalone?Only a thief would do this.He wanted to see if anyone was inside before he broke into theroom.(1)A young woman traveled and s t a y e d.A.in a hotel B.in a police office C.in a park D.in her friends home(2)The man looked a little when the woman opened the door.A.happy B.nervous C.mad D.relaxed(3)The man knocked at the door to.A.find his friend in the city B.stay alone C.see if anyone was inside D.call the police【答案】(1)A(2)B(3)C【解析】【分析】文章大意：一位年轻女士住在宾馆时，有人敲门询问这是不是他的房间，这位女士断定他是一个小偷，并报了警。(1)细节理解题。根据文中的语句 A young woman traveled and stayed in a hotel.理解可知，这位年轻的女士住在了宾馆，故选A。(2)细节理解题。根据文中的语句 The man who was standing at the door looked a littlenervous.理解可知，这个年轻人看到这位女士非常的紧张，故选B。(3)细节理解题。根据文中的语句 Only a thief would do this.He wanted to see if anyone wasinside before he broke into the room.可知，这个人敲门的主要目的就是看看房间里有没有人,故选C。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文主要考查细节理解题，首先仔细阅读文后的问题，弄清问题的大意；然后带着问题阅读短文，抓住关键信息，选择正确答案。3.阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中选出最佳选项。If you go shopping in any toy store,you can see clearly the different games and toys for boysand girls:there are a lot of pink toys on one side of the store for girls;and dark colored cars,guns,and soldiers for boys.Some big stores with toys may even have a pink floor for girls and a bluefloor for boys.In fact,it is difficult to buy a toy for a girl that is not pink.Some people think that too much pink is bad for girls.Sue Palmer,writer of Toxic C hildhood,isvery worried that most girls over the age of three are crazy about the color.According to somescientists,this happens for two reasons.Firstly,most companies offer too many products in pink.Also,many parents think their little daughter looks cute in pink.Sue Palmer says that girls at thisage cannot make proper decisions by themselves,but the pink can affect(影响)the choicesand the decisions they will make in the future.Some parents are worried too-for example,Vanessa Holburn,thirty-two,who has two girlsunder the age of four.Their bedrooms are a sea of pink and Vanessa is not happy.Pink says thatyou are soft and gentle.Blue says that you are strong and powerful.I want my daughters to bestrong and powerful.Im worried that pink will not help them with that,she says.But not everyone thinks theres something wrong with pink.Grayson Turner is a father ofthree girls and he isn*t worried at all.People forget that things change all the time,he says,Mygirls used to love pink when they were little,but as they get older,they change.Turner explainsthat his twelve-year-old daughter never wears pink clothes anymore.This love of pink is just afashion and all fashions change,he adds,Its only since the 1940s that people have starteddressing girls in pink-before that it was a color for boys.(1)Which of the following best shows the structure-of-the passage?A.being soft and gentle B.being strong and powerfulC.being gentle but powerful D.being cute and beautiful(3)According to Grayson T u r n e r;.A.parents neednt worry about pink toys B.all little kids love the color pinkC.pink has always been a color for girls D.his girls now prefer the color blue(4)The purpose of this passage is to.A.explain why girls are crazy about the color pinkB.make parents less worried about the color pinkC.encourage girls to give up playing with pink toysD.show peoples different opinions about the color pink【答案】(1)B(2)B(3)A(4)D【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章从女孩的玩具大多是粉红色的，男孩的玩具大多是蓝色的或者深色的，向人们介绍了不同的人们对粉红色的不同观点。(1)文章结构题。根据文章结构可知第一段总领全文，说明女孩的玩具大多数粉红色，男孩的玩具大多是深色，蓝色。第二段和第三段介绍了一些父母对粉红色的反对的看法，第四段对粉红色没有错误看法的父母的观点。故选B。(2)细节理解题。根据 Pink says that you are soft and gentle.Blue says that you are strong andpowerful.I want my daughters to be strong and powerful.Im worried that pink will not helpthem with that,she says.可知粉红色说你是温柔和温和的。蓝色说你们是强壮的，有能力的。我想要我的女儿强壮，有能力，我担心粉红色不能帮助他们那样，that指的是上文的strongand powerful。故选 B。(3)细节理解题。根据 Grayson Turner is a father of three girls and he isnt worried at a ll.以及后面他说的话可知他认为父母不必为颜色的喜好担心，故选A,(4)写作意图题。通读全文可知大意是表达人们对粉红色的不同观点，故选D。【点评】考查阅读理解能力，细节题要找到答案的依据，文章结构题要通篇观察，确定文章的结构，写作意图题要根据语境确定作者的写作目的。4.阅 读理解AIf we laid all of the bloodvessels（血管）in thehuman body end to end,they would reach about100,000km long.Thatsnearly two and a half timesaround Earth!BFor the first time,C oca-C ola hasshowed that it uses 3,000,000 tons ofplastic bottles each year.Thats theweight of 15,000 blue whales-the largestdanimal on Earth,v-CIf your throattickles（发 痒）,pressing your earmight make it go away.Thats because yourthroat and ears sharethe same group ofnerves（神经）.Whenyou press your ear,the nerves in yourthroat can feel it.DIt takes about 7 to 8trees to make enough O2 forone person to breathe for ayear.Each person needsaround 750kg of O2 perETo young children,a year might seem tolast forever.But older people might saythat it flies by.Why is that?According tothe US scientists,young peoples brainsdeal with information faster than olderFAbout 200 muscles（肌 肉）worktogether when youtake a step.Thafs alot of work for youryear.A large tree might people.They take in more information muscles,sincemake around 100kg of O2 and do more things in a day.So they feel many people takelike each day lasts longer.However,about 10,000 steps aolder peoples brains take in less day.If you want to getinformation and see a day pass more some easyquickly.exercise,walking is(1)Match passages AF with the two topics:People&Surroundings;(2)The Human Body.Which of the following is right?A.-AB;(2)-C DEF B.-BDF;-AC E C.-BD;-AC EF(2)Whats the best title for all the six passages?A.Surprising Word B.Amazing Facts C.Unbelievable Figures(3)Why does the editor present renders the six passages?A.To help readers know more about human body and environmental protectionB.To ask readers to protect the environment and take more exercise.C.To tell readers to have unhealthy drink and plant more trees.(4)Which of the following questions is answered in the passage?A.Why do kids and older people feel a year differently?B.Why could a large tree produce about 100kg of O2 per year?C.How do our 200 muscles work together when we take a step?(5)Which of the following leads to the figure 30,000?A.The amount of muscles working together by taking 150 steps.B.The length of vessels in 3 human bodies joining together.C.The weight of O2 for 40 persons to breathe n year.【答案】(1)c(2)B(3)A(4)A(5)C【解析】【分析】主要讲了 6个令人惊讶的关于人类和环境及人类身体的事实信息。(1)细节题。根据A 中 vessels血管，C 中 throat喉 咙,E 中 brains大 脑,F 中 muscles肌肉可知都与人类身体有关，B 讲得是要使用更少的塑料瓶子，D 讲的是要保护树木，都与环境有关，故选C。(2)细节题。A.令人惊讶的单词；B.令人惊讶的事实；C.难以置信的数字。根据全文可知主要讲了事实，故选B。(3)细节题。根据A 中 vessels血管，C 中 throat喉咙，E 中 brains大脑，F 中 muscles肌肉可知都与人类身体有关，B 讲得是要使用更少的塑料瓶子，D 讲的是要保护树木，都与环境有关，即帮助读者了解人类身体和环境保护，故选A。(4)细节题。根据 To young children,a year might seem to last forever.But older people mightsay that it flies by.Why is that?According to the US scientists,young peoples brains deal withinformation faster than older people.They take in more information and do more things in a day.So they feel like each day lasts longer.可知解释了为什么老人和年轻人对一年的感觉是不一样的，原因是年轻人大脑处理信息比老人处理信息更快，故选A。(5)细节题。根据 Each person needs around 750kg of。2 per year.可知每人一年需要 750 千克的氧气，所以40人一年呼吸的氧气是30,000千克，故选C。【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。5.阅读理解One of the great questions of all time still has scientists taking part in discussions:Whathappened to the land called Atlantis?Long ago,the ancient Greek philosopher(哲 学 家)Platowrote about Atlantis.He said that long before his time it was a beautiful land near Europe.Historians believed that it was a very rich place with palaces and traditional culture.All of asudden it disappeared.Ancient people thought it went down into the sea.Over time,a numberof scientists have tried to look for it.Now,some scientists believe that the Greek island of Santorini may be the lost Atlantis.Today,Santorini is an island in the Aegean Sea with a huge hole in the center filled with sea water.Howevec 3,500 years ago it looked very different.Then it was a round island with a tall volcano(火 山)in the middle.Today,Santorini has 13 villages and about 6,000 people,but in the pastit had cities and perhaps even more people.Starting in 1967,researchers started to carry out abig dig on Santorini.They wanted to know about what was underground.They found part of acity with apartment buildings full of furniture as well as streets and water systems.They alsofound quite a few colored paintings and pictures on the walls of houses.In 1999,the diggersdiscovered some valuable gold art showing a female calf.Researchers thought about the strange city for some time until they understood what hadhappened to it this city beside the sea was buried by a terrible explosion(爆炸)of the volcano.Hot lava and ash(岩 浆 和 灰)suddenly came out of the volcano and buried the roofs of the city.To this date,scientist have not found the bodies of any people stuck there.They think that inthe final days before the volcano blew the island apart,the people were successfully able to getout.Although Santorini is said to be the lost Atlantis,no one has proved it yet.Today touristsfrom around the world come to see the museum and wonder if Santorini is actually the lostAtlantis.Without question,it is a very beautiful place.(1)What happened because of the volcanic event according to the passage?A.Visitors were hurt.B.The ancient city was buried.C.A terrible war started.D.The museum disappeared.(2)When did the dangerous volcano take place?A.About 3500 years ago.B.In the year 1967.C.About 6000 years ago.D.In the year 1999.(3)What was found in the dig?A.Some children.B.Several women.C.Lots of horses.D.Some drawings.(4)Which of the following is TRUE?A.Santorini is popular with visitors from all over the world.B.Today Santorini has a volcano in its center.C.People failed to get out when the volcano blew.D.Plato interviewed a man living on Atlantis.(5)Which is the best title of the passage?A.A Very Famous Volcano.B.An Ancient Museum.C.Has Atlantis Been Found?D.Strange Greek Islands.【答案】(1)B(2)A(3)D(4)A(5)C【解析】【分析】主要讲了关于大西岛的讨论。(1)乡田节题。根据 Researchers thought about the strange city for some time until theyunderstood what had happened to it this city beside the sea was buried by a terrible explosion(爆 炸)of the volcano.可知火山爆发火城市被掩埋了，故选B。(2)细节题。根据 However,3,500 years ago it looked very different,可知 3500 年前火山爆发，故选A。(3)名田节题。根据 They also found quite a few colored paintings and pictures on the walls ofhouses.可知他们发现了一些画，故选Do（4）细节题。根据 Today tourists from around the world come to see the museum and wonderif Santorini is actually the lost Atlantis.可知来自全世界的游客来看 Santorini,故选 A。（5）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了关于大西岛的讨论。故选C。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和主旨题常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。6.阅 读理解Aaron didnt want to tell his classmates that he was homeless.But when he recorded his ownstory with StoryC orpsU-a project set up to help kids in high-needs schools build strongerrelationships with their teachers-he says,it just came out.I dont know what made me say it,Aaron explains,but Im like,Let me just be honest andjust get it out.In his recording,made last year in C hicago,Aaron said that he had to sleep outside,sometimes with nothing to eat.I was ashamed（羞耻的）.J am still ashamed.Only when hearing Aarons recording did his teacher,C eleste Davis-C ari;learned that he wasliving on the streets.I was scared,because I felt helpless,Davis-C arr tells Aaron.I didn