中考英语语法特辑.pdf

中 考 英 语 语 法 特 辑 中 考 英 语 语 法 特 辑 名 词（一）名 词 的 分 类 名 词 分 为 普 通 名 词 和 专 有 名 词，其 中 普 通 名 词 包 括 可 数 名 词 和 不 可 数 名 词，可 数 名 词 要 注 意 单 复 数。（二）名 词 的 数 1、可 数 名 词 与 不 可 数 名 词 A、不 可 数 名 词，中 学 阶 段 常 见 的 不 可 数 名 词 有：water;meat;rice;bread;milk;tea;orange（桔 汁）；fruit;air;snow;chalk;work;paper（纸）；tim。（时 间）；music;weather;grass;news;food;fish（鱼 肉）；coke;porridge;cake（可 数 或 不 可 数）.不 可 数 名 词 应 注 意 以 下 几 点：1）前 无 冠，后 无 复;作 主 语 为 三 单.2）表 量 用 约 数 some/any;much;a lot ofeg.There is bread on the table.A.a B.one C.a piece of D.manyThere is some on the plate.A.apple B.fish C.milks D.deer2、可 数 名 词 的 复 数 不 规 则 变 化:man-menm,woman-women,policeman-policemen,foot-feet,tooth一 teeth,child-children,mousemice,Ox Oxen,mouse-mice注 意:potatopotatoes;tomatotomatoes 单 复 同 形：fish;sheep;deer;Chinese;Japanese 由 man,woman 在 词 首 构 成 的 复 合 名 词 应 将 两 部 分 都 变 成 复 数(man doctor 一 men doctors)(4)reef一 reefs“某 国 人”的 复 数：口 诀 是“eg.German-Germans 有 些 名 词 既 可 作 可 数 名 词 也 可 作 不 可 数 名 词，但 词 义 有 所 不 同 Oeg：cloth布-,a cloth桌 布、抹 布；sand 沙-sands 沙 滩；tea 茶-a tea 一 杯 茶；orange 橘 汁-an orange 橘 子；glass玻 璃-a glass玻 璃 杯，glasses眼 镜；paper 纸-a paper 试 卷、论 文;wood木 头-a wood小 森 林；room空 间、余 地-a room房 间 fruit-fruits;food-foods;fish-fishes;drink3、名 词 所 有 格：名 词 s（意 思 是 的”）A.有 生 命 的 名 词 所 有 格，一 般 在 后 加 s”；注 意：1）表 两 者 共 有 则 在 后 者 加 s”Lucy and Lily s father露 西 和 莉 莉 的 父 亲 Lucy s and Lily,s fathers露 西 的 父 亲 和 莉 莉 的 父 亲.2）以 s 结 尾 的 词 只 加“”eg.1）the boys books 2）James father3）无 生 命 的 名 词 所 有 格 用 of来 引 导 a drink;eg.the leg of the desk4)双 重 所 有 格:a friend of my father sa friend of mine(V)a friend of my(X)练 习 一、写 出 下 列 词 的 复 数 1.b o o k 2.bus 3.orange4.b a b y 5.b o y 6.my7.his 8.knife 9.watch10.sheep 11.tooth 12.leaf13.G e r m a n 14.Chinese二、选 择 正 确 的 答 案()1.一 Are those?-No,they aren,t.They,re.A.sheep;cows B.sheep;cowC.sheeps;cow D.sheeps;cows()2.Mum,I m quite thirsty.Please give me _.A.two orange B.two bottles of orangeC.two bottles orange D.two bottles of oranges()3.I have got _ news from my friend.Do you want to know?A.a very goodB.anyC.a piece of D.two pieces()4._ room is on the 5th floor.A.Lucy and Lily B.Lucy and Lily sC.Lucy,s and Lily D.Lucy s and Lily s()5.Every morning Mr.Smith takes a to his office.A.20 minutes,walk B.20 minute s walkC.20-minutes walk D.20-minute walk()6.This is James Allan Green.W e can call him.A.M r.Green B.M r.AllanC.M r.James D.James Green()7.Jack and T om are _.A.good friends B.good friendC.a good friend D.good a friend()8.I t s only about ten _ walk to the nearest post office.A.minutes B.minute s C.minutes D.minute()9.H e often has _ for breakfast.A.two breads B.two piece of breadsC.two pieces of bread D.two pieces of breads()1 0.Mrs.Green has two.They re very bright.A.childs B.child C.children,s D.children()1 1.What did the headmaster say about Jim,s.A.two months holiday B.two months holidayC.two-month holiday D.two month s holidays()1 2.I won,t go there with you,for I have a lo t of to do.A.works B.job C.work D.working()1 3.Li Lei is a friend of _.A.I s is te r B.m y s is te r sC.m e s iste r D.m y s is te r of()14.Have you read?A.today s B.today paperC.the today s paper D.today s paper()15.How many _ are there in the room?A.boxes B.box C.boxs D.boxxes()16.Many _ have been built in our city since 1987.A.factorys B.factoriesC.factoryes D.factorys()17.There are lots of _ in the basket on the table.A.tomatos B.tomato C.tomatoes D.tomatoss()18.The cat caught two _ last night.A.mouses B.mice C.mouse D.mices()19.Jack went to have two pulled out yesterday afternoon.A.tooths B.tooth C.teeth D.toothes()20.In our school there are fifty-five.A.women teachers B.woman teachersC.women teacher D.woman s teacher()21.The three _ will be put into prison.A.thiefs B.thief C.thieves D.thiefs,练 习 题 答 案：1 5 ABCBD 610 AACCD1115 CCBDA 1621 BCBCAC中 考 英 语 语 法 特 辑-一 介 词 1.时 间Dat+具 体 时 刻 2)on+具 体 某 天(具 体 某 天 的 上、下 午 等;星 期 词；以 及 上、下 午 词 前 有 修 饰 词 时)3)in+年、月、季 节 及 一 天 中 的 某 部 分 口 诀：at时 间 点，in指 日 月 年 On指 具 体 某 一 天 早 中 晚 但 注 意：at night=in the night at noonat this/that time at Christmaseg.1._ the morning 2._ Monday morning3._ a rainy evening 4._3:50 5._ 20026.the morning of April 10 7._ spring8.night 9._ this time 10._ March另 外 注 意：在 时 间 词(morning,afternoon,evening;Sunday,)前 有 last,next,this,that时，不 再 用 介 词.tomorrow,tonight前 也 不 用 介 词。2.地 点：at 一 般 指 小 地 方；in 一 般 指 大 地 方 或 某 个 范 围 之 内；。n 往 往 表 示“在 某 个 物 体 的 表 面”。例 如：eg.l)He arrived _Shanghai yesterday.2)They arrived _a small village before dark.3)There is a big hole the wall.4)The teacher put up a picture _ the wall.3.方 位 in(范 围 内)；on(范 围 外 且 接 壤);to(范 围 外 但 不 接 壤)o 可 表 示 为 下 图 的 位 置 关 系 eg.1)Taiwan is in the southeast of China.2)Hubei is on the north of Hunan.3）Japan is to the east of China.cross:动 词“跨 过，越 过”=go across4.across:（表 面）跨 过 through:（内 部）穿 过，贯 穿 介 词 eg.l）Can you swim the river?2）The road runs the forest.3）the bridge,you 11 find a cinema.5.in+时 间 段：与 将 来 时 连 用 after+时 间 段：与 过 去 时 连 用 但 after+时 间 点：可 与 将 来 时 连 用。1）I 11 leave three o clock.That is,I 11 leave aboutten minutes.2）They left two weeks.6.in the tree（外 加 在 树 上 的 事 物）on the tree（树 上 自 身 具 有 的 花、果、叶 等）in the wall（镶 嵌 在 墙 内 部 的 事 物）7.on the wall（墙 表 面 的 事 物）1）There is a map _ the wall2）There are four windows _ the wall.8.by bike/bus/car/ship（单 数 且 无 冠 词）但 当 这 些 交 通 工 具 名 词 前 有 其 它 修 饰 词 时，则 应 使 用 相 应 的 介 词。eg.by bike 二 on a（the;his）bikeby car=in a（the;her）caron:在,（表 面）上-接 触 9.over:在”的 正 上 方 above:在,，的 斜 上 方 未 接 触 1）The moon rose the hill.2）There is a bridge the river.3）There is a book _ the desk.10.between:在（两 者）之 间 among:在（三 者 以 上）之 间 1）A big crowd of people were waiting for Li Lida on the beach.themwere his parents.2）Tom sits Lucy and Lily.11.on 与 about:关 于 on用 于 较 正 式 的 演 讲、学 术、书 籍 等 about用 于 非 正 式 的 谈 话 或 随 便 提 及 eg.He gave a talk the history of the Party12.in front of:在“前 面/方（范 围 外）=beforein/at the front of:在”,，前 部（范 围 内）1）There is a big tree _ of the classroom.2）A driver drives of the bus.类 似 区 别:at the back of 与 behind13.with和 in:表 示“用“with:指“用 工 具、手、口 等”in:指“用 语 言、话 语、声 音 等”1)Please write the letter _ a pen.2)Please speak _ a loud voice.14.on a farm;in a factory;the girl in the hat;leave for:动 身 前 往 某 地 15.一 些 固 定 搭 配：(1)介 词 与 动 词 的 搭 配 listen to,laugh at,get to,look for;wait for,hear from,turn on,turn off,worry about,think of,look after,spendon,等。(2)介 词 与 名 词 的 搭 配 on time,in time,by bus,on foot,with pleasure,on one,s way to,introuble,at breakfast,at the end of,in the end 等。(3)介 词 与 形 容 词 的 搭 配 be late for,be afraid of,be good at,be interested in,be angry with,be full of,be sorry for 等。一.选 择 填 空：1.Mrs.Brown came to China 1996.A.from B.of C.to D.in2.The room was full _ smoke after the big fire.A.of B.with C.in D.for3.Here are some presents _ you _ our best wishes.A.to;with B.for;with C.of;about D.for;for4.Both Mr Green and Mrs Green were born June,1956.A.in B.at C.on D.for5.The little boy is always interested science.A.with B.by C.in D.at6.Li Lei often gets up seven o clock on Sundays.A.on B.in C.at D.for7.They arrived early a Tuesday morning.A.on B.at C.in D.of8.Macao（澳 门）will return to our motherland December 20th,1999.A.on B.at C.in D.for9.-When were you born?-1 was born August 25,1983.A.on B.in C.at D.to10.Let me show you the place the map.A.with B.on C.in11.John knows _ a computer.A.how to use B.how use C.how uses12.The visitors Japan arrived Beijing Station last Tuesday morning.A.from;at B.of;to C.from;to D.of;on13.The teacher will be back an hour.A.in B.after C.on14.This programme was sent to the USA China satellite.A.in;of B.of;in C.from;by D.by;from15.Its cold outside.Please your warm clothes.A.put in B.take off C.put on D.put up16.He got many gifts his birthday his friends.A.on,from B.in,of C.at,to D.from,for17.The classroom is quite different that one.A.of B.from C.with D.like18.Look,you*11 see a bridge the river.A.on B.above C.over D.inl9.-Your coat looks nice,Is It cotton?-Yes.Its Shanghai.A.made of,made by B.made of,made inC.made for,made in D.made from made by20.Tow may fall the others because he has missed so many lessons.A.after B.behind C.later D.out of二、用 适 当 的 介 词 填 空 1.Whats wrong your watch?2.One the students is in the classroom.3.I think the shop is closed this time of day.4.My father teaches English a school.5.We have lunch _ the middle of the day.6.You can buy some school things your way home.7.I was born July 1,1982.8.May I borrow a pencil you?9.Don，t sleep the open air.10.I often help my mother the housework.11.Its time school.12.I have quite a lot homework to do.13.Whats the time?I t s half _ seven.14.Ducks are good swimming.15.What are you talking _?16.H e is s ittin g _ the front of the car.17.The eraser was passed _ one student _ another.18.Did you live _ Beijing in 1997?19.W hen did you arrive the village?20.I think Mary is duty today.21.Eating too much is n t good your health.22.r m afraid he is the cinema the moment.23.Thanks asking m e to your party.24.M y watch is very d ifferent _ yours.25.Whats the weather _ today?26.The student is asking his teacher the sports meeting.27.The farmers are a ll getting ready the next year.28.The radio says the wind w ill stop la te r the day.29.L ets go out a walk,shall we?30.T om,your mother is waiting _ you.31.W e have noodles for lunch for lunch _ times.32.Harerbin is the north of China.33.The day tomorrow w ill be windy.34.Don，t worry your test.35.I don t know which is the way _ the park.36.An old woman is the side of the road.37.the end of the road youll see the hospital38.He left Tokyo _ a visit Beijing.39.Dont laugh other peoples mistakes.40.He did this instead _ me.41.The people here are very friendly us.42.Does he learn English himself?43.I felt a little afraid _ my teacher.44.I*m afraid he11 fall the bike.45.Help yourselves _ some fish,Lily and Lucy.46._ these words he left the classroom.47.It was a pleasure me.48.Im sorry Im late the meeting.49.Study hard,or you won，t catch up your classmates.50.Not far him was Lin Tao.Lin Tao ran fast,too.51.Mr Wu is going to tell us the result _ once.52.He goes to school early usual.53.Its another way _ saying fast.中 考 英 语 语 法 特 辑-数 词 L 基 数 词(1000以 内 的 基 数 词 的 读 法)(1)1-20：one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve,thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen,twenty2.基 数 词 变 序 数 词 的 方 法：(1)一-般 在 基 数 词 后 加 theg.f o u r f fourth,thirteen-*thirteenth(2)不 规 则 变 化 o n e-f ir s t,two-second,three-*third,f iv e-f if th,e ig h tf eighth,nineninth,twelve-twelfth(3)以 y 结 尾 的 十 位 整 数,变 y 为 i e 再 加 thtwenty-*twentieth,forty-,-fortieth,ninety-*ninetieth(4)从 二 十 一 后 的“几 十 几”直 至“几 百 几 十 几”或“几 千 几 百 几 十 几”只 将 个 位 的 基 数 词 变 为 序 数 词。tw enty-first,two hundred and fo rty-fifth口 诀：基 变 序，有 规 律;词 尾 要 加 th。一 二 三，特 殊 记;词 尾 分 别 tdd。八 去 t,九 去 e;v e则 以 f 替。t y 则 变 作 ti;后 面 还 有 一 个 e。要 是 遇 到 几 十 几;只 将 个 位 变 成 序。3.数 词 的 应 用：A、时 间：a.整 点：基 数 词+o clockeg.I t s eight o clock now.b.几 点 几 分：L 直 接 表 达 法：先 小 时 后 分 eg.3:25 three twenty-five2.间 接 表 达 法：先 分 后 小 时 1)(30分 钟)用 past：分 钟 p a s t小 时eg.3:25 twenty-five（minutes）past three2）（30分 钟）用 to：（60-分 钟 数）to（小 时 数+1）eg.3:35 twenty-five（minutes）to four3）30 分 钟=half 15 分 钟=a quartereg.3:30 three thirty=half past three3:15 three fifteen=a quarter past three.3:45 three forty-five=a quarter to fourB、日 期 表 达 法：月 日，年（或 日 月 年）1949年 10月 1 日：Octoberlst,nineteen forty-nine=the first of October,nineteen forty-nine2000 年：the year two thousand=twenty hundred2001 年：twenty o one3 月 1 日：March the first=the first of MarchC、表 编 号：第 207 房 间：Room 207第 五 课：Lesson 5=the fifth lessonD、序 数 词 与 不 定 冠 词（a;an）连 用 表“又 一;再 一”eg.You ve done it three times.Why not try a fourth time?E 分 数 的 表 达:分 子（基 数）、分 母（序 数）eg.one third三 分 之 一 two thirds三 分 之 二 注 意：1.分 子 超 过 1时，分 母 加 s2.含 分 数 的 短 语 作 主 语 由 分 数 后 的 词 决 定 谓 语 eg.l)One third of the students are girls.2)One third of the milk is mine.3.分 数 的 特 殊 形 式 l)one third=a third2)one fourth=a quarterthree fourths=three quarters3)one second=a halfF、表 约 数:表 不 确 定 的 数 字 时，数 词 用 复 数。若 带 名 词，再 加 of如：hundreds of(数 百,成 百 上 千 的)，thousands of(数 干,成 千 上 万 的),millionsof(数 百 万 的)G、数 学 运 算 的 表 达 eg.3+5=8 Three plus/and five is eight.9-2=7 Nine minus two is seven.6x5=30 Five times six is thirty84-2=4 Eight divided by two is four.练 习()1.If you go out at night,you 11 be able to see starts.A.thousands of B.thousand ofC.nine thousands of D.thousands()2.Monday is _ day of the week.A.f i r s t B.the f ir s tC.the second D.second()3.You ve done i t twice.W h y not try time?A.third B.the third C.a third D.once()4.Which is the_ month?I t s September.A.nine B.nineth C.ninth D.ninety()5.December is _ of the year.A.the twelfth months B.the twelfth monthC.the twelveth months D.twelve months()6.There are _ floors in the building and he lives on the floor.A.eighteen,fifteen B.eighteenth,fifteen thC.eighteen,fiveteen D.eighteen,fifteen th()7.I was born _,1982.A.on June 2rd B.in June 2ndC.on June two D.on June 2()8.It*s from our home to the zoo.A.two and a half hours walkB.a half and two hours walkC.two hours and a h alf hour s walkD.two and a half hour s walk()9.What time is i t now?I t,s _ to six.A.quarter B.a quarter C.quarto C.a quarto()1 0.Will you be back in?A.one or two minutes B.one minute or twoC.two minutes or one D.two or one minute()1 1.M ary*s uncle went to France.A.in his th ir tie s B.on his th irtie sC.at his th ir tie s D.about his th ir tie s()1 2.The headmaster wrote a _ report.A.two thousand words B.two-thousand-wordsC.two-thousand words D.two-thousand-word()1 3.of the apples in the fru it bowl are soft and sweet.A.Two-third B.Second-thirdC.Two-thirds D.Second-thirds()1 4.W e have learned about these days.A.several hundreds English wordsB.hundreds of English wordsC.hundred of English wordsD.several hundred English word()15.A U N report says that the wordpopulation w ill pass six b illio n by the end of century.A.twentieth B.twentyC.the twentieth D.the twentythA.Either B.Every C.Neither()8.Would you like _ cup of tea?A.other B.the other C.another()9.The two friends were so pleased to see each other that they forgotA.other everything B.anything elseC.everything else.()1 0.of his parents is a teacher.A.Both B.Neither C.None()11.The river is very dirty.people go to swim in it.A.Few B.A few C.Little()12.A friend of _ came to see _ yesterday.A.his;his B.he;him C.his;him()13.You can t leave your baby by _ at home.A.herself B.himself C.itself()14.My father is very busy with his work.He has _ time to have a rest.A.little B.a little C.few()15.I have three skirts.One is red._ two are black.A.another B.the other C.the others()16.Jack has _ friends here.So he often feels lonely.A.a little B.a few C.few()17.Who teaches _ French?A.we B.our C.us()18.The boys were all tired,but _ of them stopped to have a rest.A.any B.some C.none()19.Sorry,I can,t answer your question.I know about the news.A.a little B.little C.few()20.Hello,Bill!Help to a cake.Thanks.A.your B.yourself C.yourselves中 考 英 语 语 法 特 辑-一 代 词 代 词 的 分 类：（一）指 示 代 词：th is,that,these,those,th is,th a t一 般 与 可 数 名 词 的 单 数 连 用，而 不 与 不 可 数 名 词 连 用。that apple（V）that meat（X）（二）人 称 代 词、物 主 代 词 和 反 身 代 词 1）人 称 代 词：主 格、宾 格（作 主 语 为 主 格，作 宾 语 为 宾 格；介+宾 格）eg.1）I thank you2）Y ou thank m e.2）物 主 代 词：形