职称英语理工类b级模拟1.pdf
职称英语理工类B级模拟1第1部分：词汇选项下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择.1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。1 A lm ost a l l eco n o m ists a g re e th a t n a tio n s gain by tra d in g w ith one a n o th e r.A.work B.p r o f i tC.r e ly D.p ro v e2、The c o n fe re n c e explored th e p o s s i b i l i t y o f c lo s e r tra d e l i n k s.A.d e n ied B.in v e s tig a te dC.s tr e s s e d D.c re a te d3、The ch em ical i s deadly to r a t s b u t s a fe to c a t t l e.A.f a t a l B.h a te f u lC.good D.u s e fu l4、D uring h is lif e tim e he was a b le to accumulate q u ite a f o r tu n e.A.c o n tro l B.spendC.c o lle c t D.exchange5、I t *s im p o lite to cut in when two p e rso n s a re h o ld in g a c o n v e rs a tio n,A.le a v e B.ta lk lo u d lyC.s ta n d up D.in te r r u p t6、I w onder w hat y our aim in l i f e i s.A.sym bol B.g o alC.a c tio n D.a t titu d e7 I have no alternative b u t to re p o rt him to th e lo c a l p o lic e.A.o p in io n B.meansC.c h o ic e D.s e le c tio n8、The in d e c is iv e man was readily p e rsu ad e d to change h is m ind a g a in.A.e a s ily B.h a rd lyC.s u b tly D.su d d en ly9、I t is u s e le s s to arg u e w ith him once he has made up his mind.A.s e t t l e d B.so lv e dC.s a id D.d e cid e d10 The f a th e r was unwiHing to g iv e h is son th e keys to h is c a r.A.r e lu c ta n t B.e a g e rC.p le a s e d D.an g ry11 We consume a lo t more th a n we a re a b le to p ro d u c e.A.w aste B.buyC.u se D.s e l l12 As a w r ite r,he turned out th re e nove 1 s th a t y e a r.A.re fu s e d B.re a dC.p roduced D.a c c e p te d13、W inston C h u rc h ill gave a moving sp e e c h.A.n erv o u sC.s t i r r i n gB.f o o lis hD.f a s t14、WeA.C.tried to restrict our conversation to arguments relevant to the topic.putconfine15 ItA.C.doesn11 stand to reasonseem logicalappear obviousB.suitD.resortthat he would liezB.look pleasantD.sound important第2部分：阅读判断阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。ComputersBefore the widespread use of computers,managers could not make full useof large amounts of valuable information about a company1s activities.Theinformation either reached managers too late or was too expensive to be used.Today,managers are facing a wide range of data processing and informationinstruments.In place of a few financial controls,managers can draw oncomputer-based information systems to control activities in every area oftheir company.On any kinds of performance measures z the information providedby these systems helps managers compare standards with actual results,findout problems,and take corrective action before it is too late to make changes.The introduction of computerized information systems has sharply changedmanagement control in many companies.Even a neighborhood shopkeeper may nowuse computers to control sales,billing,and other activities.In largecompanies,electronic data processing systems monitor entire projects andsets of operations.Now,there are about 24 mi 11 ion microcomputers inuse in the United Statesonefor every 10 citizens.It is estimated that by 1996 z 61 percent of Americanmanagers will be using some sort of electronic work station.In order formanagers to be sure that the computer-based information they are receivingis accurate,they need to understand how computers work.However,in mostcases they do not need to learn how to program computers.Rather,managersshould understand how computerized information systems work；how they aredeveloped；their limitations and costs；and the manner in which informationsystems may be used.Such an understanding is not difficult to achieve.One research found that business firms were more successful in teachingbasic information about computers to business graduates than they were inteaching business subjects to computer science graduates.16、Today,conventional financial controls are still exercised in some minorareas such as billing and vocational training.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned17、It is unnecessary for a neighborhood baker to use a computer in his shop.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned18、At present about 10%of American citizens possess a microcomputer.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned19 One thing that managers do not have to understand is how computers work.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned20、In some cases managers have to learn how to write programs so as to workout computerized information systems that suit their own companies best.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned21 Computerized firms would rather employ business graduates than computerscience graduates because it is easier to train the former into qualifiedemployees.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned第3部分：概括大意与完成句子阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第2326题要求从所给的6个选项中为第25段每段选择1个正确的小标题：第2730题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。Local Newspapers in Britain1 .Britain has a large circulation（发彳亍量）of the national newspapers.The Daily Mirror and The Daily Express both sell about 4 million copies eachday.On average,every family will buy one newspaper in the morning,and taketwo or three on Sundays.2.Local newspapers are just as popular as the national ones in Britain.Local papers have a weekly circulation of 13 million.Nearly every town andcountry area has its own paper,and almost every local paper is financiallyholding its ow n.Many local newspapers are earning good profits.3.Local newspapers have their special characteristics.They mainly satisfyinterest in local events-births z weddings z deaths,council meetings z and sports.Editors often rely on a small staff of people who know the district well.Clubs and churches in the neighborhood regularly supply these papers withmuch local news.Local news does not get out of date as quickly as nationalnews.If there is no room for it in this week1 s edition,a news item can beheld over until the following week.4.The editor of a local newspaper never forgets that the success of anynewspaper depends on advertising.For this reason,he is keen to keep thegood will of local businessmen.If the newspaper sells well with carefullychosen news items to attract local readersz the businessmen will be gratefulto the paper for the opportunity of keeping their products in the public eye.5 .Local newspapers seldom comment on problems of national importance,and editors rarely take sides on political questions.But they can often provideservice to the community in expressing public feeling on local issues.Anewspaper can sometimes persuade the council to take action to improve transport,provide better shopping facilities,and preserve local monuments and placesof interest.A Keeping Good Relations with Local BusinessmenB Service Provided by Local NewspapersC Large Circulation of the National NewspapersD Special Features of Local NewspapersE Power of Local NewspapersF Popularity of Local Newspapers22 Paragraph 223 Paragraph 324、Paragraph 425 Paragraph 526、A a lot of moneyB local peopleC morningD local peopleE national issuesF local issuesBritish people have the habit of reading newspapers in the.27 Many local newspapers in Britain are making.28、Local newspapers are well received because they carry articles that please2 9、Local newspapers*rarely give opinions on.第4部分：阅读理解下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。第 一 篇Ocean Noise PollutionSome scientists say that animals in the ocean are increasingly threatenedby noise pollution caused by human beings.The noise that affects sea creatures comes from a number of human activities.It is caused mainly by industrial underwater explosions,ocean drilling,andship engines.Such noises are added to natural sounds.These sounds includethe breaking of ice fields,underwater earthquakes z and sounds made by animalsthemselves.Decibels（分贝）measured in water are different from those measured onland.A noise of one hundred-twenty decibels on land causes pain to humanears.in water,a decibel level of one-hundred ninety-five would have thesame effect.Some scientists have proposed setting a noise limit of one-hundred-twentydecibels in oceans.They have observed that noises at that level can frightenand confuse whales（鲸鱼）.A team of American and Canadian scientists discovered that louder noises-canseriously injure some animals；The research team found that powerful underwaterexplosions were causing Whales in the area to lose their hearing.This seriouslyaffected the whales 1 ability to exchange information and find their way.Someof the whales even died.The explosions had caused their ears to bleed（出血）and become infected（感染）.Many researchers whose work depends on ocean sounds object to a limit ofone-hundred-twenty decibels.They say such a limit is a greater danger thanthey believed.They want to prevent noises from harming creatures in the ocean.30、According to the passage,which of the following is increasingly dangerousto sea creatures?A.The sound of a car.B.The sound of voices.C.Man-made noise pollution.D.The sound of steps.31、According to the passage,natural sounds include all of the following EXCEPTA.sounds made by animals themselves.B.ocean drilling.C.underwater earthquakes.D.the breaking of ice fields.32、Which of the following is discussed in the third paragraph?A.The same noise level produces a different effect on land and in theocean.B.Different places may have different types of noises.C.The decibel is not a suitable unit for measuring underwater noise.D.Different ocean animals may have different reactions to noises.33、Which of the following is true of whales?A.B.C.D.They w o n11 beThey are deafTheir abilityTheir hearingconfused by noises.to noises.to reproduce will be lowered by high-level noises.will be damaged by high-level noises.34、Accordingfuture?A.TheyB.TheyC.TheyD.Theyto the passage,what will scientists most probably do in thewill work hard to reduce ocean noise pollution.will protect animals from harmful noises.will try to set a limit of 120 decibels.will study the effect of ocean noise pollution.弟 一 扁Lifetime Employment In Japanese CompaniesIn most large Japanese companies,there is a policy of lifetime employment.What this means is that when people leave school or university to join anenterprise,they can expect to remain with that organization until they retire.In effect,the employee gets job security for life,and can only be firedfor serious mistakes in work.Even in times of business recession,he or sheis free from the fear of being laid o f f.One result of this practice is that the Japanese worker identifies closelywith his company and feels strong loyalty to it.By working hard for the company,he believes he is safeguarding his own future.It is not surprising that devotionto o n e s company is considered a great virtue in Japan.A man is often preparedto put his firm*s interests before those of his immediate family.The job security guaranteed by this system influences the way employeesapproach their work.They tend to think in terms of what they can achievethroughout their career.This is because they are not judged on how they areperforming during a short period of time,They can afford to take a longerperspective than their Western counterparts.This marriage between the employee and the company-the consequence oflifetime emp 1 oymen t-may explain why Japanese workers seem positively to lovethe products their company is producing and why they are willing to stay onafter work,for little overtime pay,to participate in earnest discussionsabout the quality control of their products.35、Lifetime employment in the Japanese company means that the employeeA.leaves his company only when business is bad.B.gets a job soon after he leaves school or university.C.can work there throughout his career.D.can have his serious mistakes in work corrected.36、Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A.Family and company interests are equally important.B.The Japanese worker is very loyal to his company.C.One*s future is guaranteed through hard work.D.Devotion to one*s company is encouraged.37 Lifetime employment influences one*sA.achievements at work.B.performance at work.C.career options.D.attitude toward work.38、The Japanese worker is fond of his company*s products because ofA.his marriage with the daughter of the president.B.the close link between him and his company.C.his willingness to work overtime.D.his active participation in quality control.39、The passage mainly discussesA.how lifetime employment works in Japan.B.what benefits lifetime employment has brought to Japanese workers.C.what lifetime employment is.D.how lifetime employment is viewed.Dreams of FlightThe story of m a n1 s dream of flightz of his desire to reach the stars,isas old as mankind itself.According to Greek legend,Daedalus was the firstman to fly.He and his son had been kept on an island,in order to escapezDaedalus shaped wings of wax（蜡）into which he stuck bird feathers.Duringtheir flight,his son flew too high and the sun melted the w a x.He was drownedin the sea.The father was supposed to have continued his Night and reachedSicily,several hundred miles away.There is also an English legend of King Bladud who,during his rule inthe ninth century B.C.,used wings to fly.But his flight was short-livedand he fell to his death.The dream of flying continued,but in all the legendszthe flier rose like a bird only to fall like a stone.It took hundreds ofyears that men flew up into the air and returned to earth safely.The first man to approach flying on a scientific basis was an Englishmanwho lived during the thirteenth century.He looked at the air about us asa sea,and he believed that a balloon could float on the air just as a boatdid on water.Almost four hundred years later,an Italian priest applied hisprinciple of air flight.He designed a boat,which would be held in the airby four hollow spheres（空心球）.Each of the four balls was to be 20 feet indiameter（直径）and made of very thin copper.But his boat was never.builtsince it was not possible to make spheres of such thin metal and such sizein those days.After studying the flight of birds and the movement of the air,a greatscientist of the fifteenth century concluded that birds flew because theyflapped（摆动）their wings and that it was possible for man to do the same.So a kind of flapping-wing flying machine was invented.Many men tried andfailed to fly with flying machines.It was not until 1890 that people discoveredwhy this method would never succeed-man could not develop sufficient powerwith his arms and legs.40、How did Daedalus manage to escape to Sicily,according to the passage?A.He killed the guards and got out of the island.B.A god came to rescue him and took him away.C.His son came to rescue him and took him away.D.He made wings of wax and flew away from the island.4 1N According to the English legend,King Bladud lost his life becauseA.he flew too far.B.he flew too high.C.he fell to the ground.D.he was hit by a stone.42、The first scientific air flight was designed byA.a Greek.B.an Englishman.C.a Chinese.D.an Italian.43、The priest failed to build the boat becauseA.he could not raise enough money.B.his design was not scientific.C.he could not find enough copper.D.copp
