职称英语综合类B级模拟79.pdf

模拟职称英语综合类B级模拟79词汇选项 下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语带有括号或下划线，请从每个句子后面所给的4 个选项中选择1个与括号里边部分意义最相近的词或短语。第 1 题：Lo w e r t a x e s w o u l d s p u r i n v e s t m e n t a n d h e l p e c o n o m i c g r o w t h.A.a t t r a c tB.e n c o u r a g eC.s p e n dD.r e q u i r e参考答案：B句意：降低税收可以刺激投资，促进经济增长。s p u r鼓 励,激励。e n c o u r a g e鼓励。二者意思相近，可相互替换。a t t r a c t 吸引。s p e n d 花费。r e q u i r e 要求。因此，本题的正确答案为B。第 2 题：He w a s k e p t i n a p p a l l i n g c o n d i t i o n s i n p r i s o n.A.c r i t i c a lB.n e c e s s a r yC.n o r m a lD.t e r r i b l e参考答案：D句意：他在狱中的环境十分恶劣。a p p a l l i n g 可怕的；令人震惊的。t e r r i b l e可怕的。二者意思相近，可相互替换。c r i t i c a l 危险的，危急的。n e c e s s a r y必要的。n o r m a l 平常的。因此，本题的正确答案为D。第 3 题：Ou r b o d i e s a r e s t r e n g t h e n e d b y t a k i n g e x e r c i s e.Si m i l a r l y,o u rm i n d s a r e d e v e l o p e d b y l e a r n i n g.A.Pr o b a b l yB.Li k e l yC.As s u c hD.Ge n e r a l l y参考答案：C句意：锻炼可以增强我们的体质。同样，学习也可以提高我们的思想。s i m i l a r l y1同样地，类似地。a s s u c h同样地。二者意思相近，可相互替换。p r o b a b l y可能。l i k e l y或许，可能。g e n e r a l l y 一般地；通常。因此，本题的正确答案为C。第4题：Th e s h o p k e e p e r g a v e u s s h o r t w e i g h t:w e g o t 9 k i l o s i n s t e a d o f 1 0k i l o s.A.s i z eB.m e a s u r eC.v o l u m eD.m a s s参考答案：B句意：店主给我们的分量不足，我们拿到的只有9公斤而不是1 0公斤。w e i g h t重量。s h o r t w e i g h t为固定搭配，意为“缺斤少两，重量不足”。m e a s u r e尺寸。s h o r t m e a s u r e也可意为“分量不足，缺斤少两”。二者意思相近，可相互替换。s i z e大小。v o l u m e体积；音量。m a s s大量。因此，本题的正确答案为B。第5题：W e l l g i v e e v e r y t e a c h e r s p a c e t o d e v e l o p.A.c h a n c eB.e m p l o y m e n tC.r o o mD.o p p o r t u n i t y参考答案：C句意：我们会给每个老师发展的空间。s p a c e空间。r o o m空间，地方。二者意思相近，可相互替换。c h a n c e机会。e m p l o y m e n t雇用；职业。o p p o r t u n i t y机会，时机。因此，本题的正确答案为C。第6题：W e w e r e a l l t h e r e w h e n t h e a c c i d e n t o c c u r r e d.A.h a p p e n e dB.b r o k eC.s p r e a dD.a p p e a r e d参考答案：A句意：事故发生时我们都在场。o c c u r发生。h a p p e n发生。二者意思相近，可相互替换。b r e a k打破；折断。s p r e a d传播；散布。a p p e a r出现。因此，本题的正确答案为A。2第7题：On l y a s m a l l m i n o r i t y o f t h e m e n t a l l y i l l a r e l i a b l e t o h a r mt h e m s e l v e s o r o t h e r s.A.e a s yB.p o s s i b l eC.l i k e l yD.d i f f i c u l t参考答案：C句意：只有少数精神病患者可能会伤害自己或他人。l i a b l e有倾向，易于.,常用于 b e l i a b l e t o d o 结构。l i k el y 可能的。用于 b e l i k el y t o d o结构。二者意思相近，可相互替换。因此，本题的正确答案为C。第8题：T h e f i n a n c e m i n i s t er h a s n o t b een s o p o p u l a r s i n c e h e ra i s ed t a xest o s u c h a h i g h l ev el.A.a d m i redB.wel l-k n o wnC.f a v o ra b l eD.p ref era b l e参考答案：A句意：因为他将税收提高到很高的水平，财政部长不是很受欢迎。p o p u l a r在此意为“受爱戴的，有声望的。a d m i red受称赞的。二者意思相近，可相互替换。wel l-k n o wn众所周知的。f a v o ra b l e赞成的；讨人喜欢的。p ref era b l e更好的;略胜一筹的。因此，本题的正确答案为A。第9题：M a n y n ew c h a n c es wi l l b e o p en ed u p i n t h e f u t u re f o r t h o s e wi t ha u n i v ers i t y ed u c a t i o n.A.o p p o rt u n i t i esB.rea l i t i esC.n ec es s i t i esD.p ro b a b i l i t i es参考答案：A句意：那些受过大学教育的人将会有许多新的机会。c h a n c e机会，机遇。o p p o rt u n i t y机会。二者意思相近，可相互替换。rea l i t y事实。n ec es s i t y必需品。p ro b a b i l i t y可能性。因此,本题的正确答案为A。第10题:3The leaves have been swept into huge heaps.A.loadsB.layersC.pyramidsD.piles参考答案：D句意：树叶被扫成了一个大堆。heap堆。与pile意思相近，二者可相互替换。layer层。load负担。pyramid金字塔。因此，本题的正确答案为D。第11题：The standards set four years ago in Seoul will be far below the athletes capabilities now.A.capacitiesB.strengthsC.possibilitiesD.abilities参考答案：D句意：四年前在首尔设置的标准远低于运动员现在的能力。capability才能，能力。ability能力,资格。二者意思相近,可相互替换。capacity性能。strength力量。possibility可能，可能性。因此，本题的正确答案为D。第12题：The attack on Fort Sumter near Charleston provoked a sharp responsefrom the North,which led to the American Civil War.A.demandedB.elicitedC.extractedD.defied参考答案：B句意：对查尔斯顿附近的萨姆特堡的攻击激起了强烈的回应，导致了美国内战的爆发。provoke引起；激起。elicit引起。二者意思相近，可相互替换。demand要求。extract提取。defy公然反抗；蔑视。因此，本题的正确答案为B。第13题：It is widely accepted that young babies learn to do things because certainacts lead to re_wards.A.payB.prizes4C.awardsD.results参考答案：C句意:人们普遍认为，婴儿学会做事情是因为某些行为会有奖励。rewards奖励。awards奖赏，奖励。二者意思相近，可相互替换。pay报酬。prize奖品。result结果。因此，本题的正确答案为C。第14题：Her work is often very hard and she gets very tired.The work istedious.A.wonderfulB.splendidC.tiresomeD.magnificent参考答案：C句意：她的工作往往很困难，她也很累。这个工作很乏味。tedious厌烦的，乏味的。tiresome令人讨厌的；乏味的。二者意思相近，可相互替换。wonderful极好的。splendid辉煌的，极好的。magnificent壮丽的，宏伟的。因此，本题的正确答案为C。第15题：Her sister urged her to apply for the job.A.advisedB.causedC.forcedD.promised参考答案：A句意:她的妹妹规劝她去申请这份工作。urge力劝，规劝（某人去做某事）。advise劝告；建议。二者意思相近，可相互替换。force强迫。cause引起。promise承诺。因此，本题的正确答案为A。阅读判断 阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。New Product Will Save L ivesDrinking water that looks clean may still contain bugs（虫子），which can cause illness.A small company called Genera Technologies hasproduced a testing method in three stages,which shows whether water is5safe.The new test shows if water needs chemicals added to it,to destroyanything harmful.It was invented by scientist Dr.Adrian Parton,whostarted Gen-era five years ago.He and his employees have developed thetest together with a British water company.Andy Headland,Generas marketing director,recently presentedthe test at a conference in the USA and forecast good American sales forit.Genera has already sold of its tests at$42,500 a time in the UK andhas a further four on order.It expects to sell another 25 tests be-forethe end of M arch.The company says it is the only test in the UK to beapproved by the government.Genera was formed five years ago and until October last yearhad only five employees;it now employs 14.M r Headland believes that thecompany should make around$19 million by the end of the year in the UKalone.第16题：Genera Technologies has developed a method that determines whether wateris clean.A.RightB.WrongC.Not M entioned参考答案：A原文第一段的第二句话明确说到，Genera技术公司研制出一种可以确定水是否安全的方法。而本题的意思正好与该句话的意思相符。故选A。第17题：Before he set up Genera,Dr.Parton had worked for a British water company.A.RightB.WrongC.Not M entioned参考答案：C原文第一段的最后两句话说到，这种方法是由Adrian Patton教授发明的，他在五年前成立了 Genera公司。他和他的员工与英国的一家自来水公司合作开发的这个测试方法。但是并没有说到“在成立Genera公司之前，Parton曾在一家英国水厂工作。”因此，本题的说法原文没有提到。故选C。第18题:The new product has been a commercial success in the USA.A.RightB.WrongC.Not M entioned6参考答案：B原文第二段的第一句话说到，G e n e r a公司的营销总监最近在美国的一个会议上展示了该测试方法，并且预计该产品在美国会卖得很好。但是该产品只是在英国已经取得了不错的销售成绩，而本题说“这种新产品在美国获得了商业上的巨大成功”，显然与原文意思不符。故选B。第1 9题:E a c h o f t h e t e s t s c o s t s$4 2,5 00.A.R i g h tB.W r o n gC.N o t M e n t i o n e d参考答案：A原文第二段的第二句话明确说到，G e n e r a公司的测试产品在英国已经以4 2,5 00美元的单价卖出了 1 1份，还有4份在预定中。因此，本题说“这种测试产品每件售价4 2,5 00美元”，显然是正确的。故选A。第2 0题:G e n e r a T e c h n o l o g i e s o r d e r s 2 5 m o r e t e s t s b e f o r e t h e e n d o f t h e y e a r.A.R i g h tB.W r o n gC.N o t M e n t i o n e d参考答案：B本题说“年底前，G e n e r a公司又订购了 2 5件这种测试产品”。根据原文内容可知，G e n e r a公司本身是卖这种测试产品的，因此，它不会自己订购自己销售的产品。本题的说法与原文意思相反。故选B。第2 1题:T h e B r i t i s h g o v e r n m e n t i s h e l p i n g D r.P a r t o n t o s e l l t h e t e s t s a b r o a d.A.R i g h tB.W r o n gC.N o t M e n t i o n e d参考答案：C原文只是在第二段的最后一句话说到，G e n e r a公司说他们的测试产品是唯一获得英国政府认可的。但是并没有提到“英国政府正帮助P a r t o n销售这种产品”。因此，本题的说法在原文中没有提到。故选C。7第22题：Genera has increased the number of its employees recently.A.RightB.WrongC.Not M entioned参考答案：A原文最后一段的第一句话明确说到，Genera公司自五年前成立至去年十月时仅有5名员工，而现在雇佣了 14名员工。由此可知，本题说“最近，Genera的雇员增加了”，是正确的。故选A。概括大意与完成句子 阅读下面这篇短文,短文后有2 项测试任务：（1）第 2 32 6 题要求从所给的6 个选项中为第25 段每段选择1 个正确的小标题：（2）第 2 73 0 题要求从所给的6 个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。Washoe L earned American Sign L anguage1.An animal that influenced scientific thought has died.Achimpanzee named Washoe and born in Africa died of natural causes latelast month at the age of 42 at a research center in the American stateof Washington.Washoe had become known in the scientific community andaround the world for her ability to use American Sign L anguage.She wassaid to be the first non-human to learn a human language.Her skills alsoled to debate about primates and their ability to understand language.2.Research scientists Allen and Beatrix Gardner began teachingWashoe sign language in 1966.In 1969,the Gardners described Washoes progress in a scientific report.The people who experimented with Washoesaid she grew to understand about 250 words.For example,Washoe made signsto communicate when it was time to eat.She could request foods like applesand bananas.She also asked questions like,“Who is coming to play?”Oncethe news about Washoe spread,many language scientists began studies oftheir own into this new and exciting area of research.The whole directionof primate research changed.3.However,critics argued Washoe only learned to repeat signlanguage movements from watching her teachers.They said she had neverdeveloped true language skills.Even now,there are some researchers whosuggest that primates learn sign language only by memory,and perform thesigns only for prizes.Yet Washoes keepers disagree.Roger Fours is aformer student of the Gardners.He took Washoe to a research center inEllensburg,Washington.There,Washoe taught sign language to threeyounger chimpanzees,which are still alive.4.Scientists like private researcher Jane Good all believeWashoe provided new information about the mental workings of chimpanzees.8Today,there are not as many scientists studying language skill withchimps.Part of the reason is that this kind of research takes a very longtime.5.Debate continues about chimps understanding of humancommunication.Yet,one thing is sure一Washoe changed popular ideas aboutthe possibilities of animal intelligence.23-26选项A.Reason Why Not M any Scientists Carry out This ResearchNowadaysB.Report about Washoes Progress in L earning Sign L anguageC.General Information about WashoeD.The Gardeners Contributions RecognizedE.Debate on Chimps IntelligenceF.Washoes L ove for Three Young Chimps27-30选项A.if the Gardeners argument was soundB.because she was cleverer than other chimpsC.when she wanted to eatD.while she was at a research center in EllensburgE.because she could use sign language to ask for fruitsF.while Washoe was learning sign language第 23题:Paragragh 1参考答案：C详细解答：第一段主要介绍了黑猩猩Washoe出生于非洲死于美国华盛顿州的一个研究中心，死 时 4 2 岁，她因会使用美式手语而为人所知，她是第一个会使用人类语言的非人类等一般情况。所 以 C 项“关 于 Washoe的一般信息”可以概括本段的内容，故 选 C。第 24题：Paragragh 2参考答案:B详细解答：第二段的关键句是第二句话“1969年，Gardners在一篇科学报告中描述了Washoe的进步”，后面的内容简略的介绍了 Washoe在学习人类语言中取得的进步，如已学会了 250个单词，并能用手语表达“该吃饭了”，会要求像苹果和香9蕉等食物等。所以，B项 关 于 W a s h o e在学习手语过程中取得的进步的报告”可以概括出本段的内容，故 选B。第2 5题：P a r a g r a g h 3参考答案：E详细解答：第三段介绍了两派人对G a r d e n e r夫妇发表的报告的不同的看法。评论家认为W a s h o e只是不断地跟着她的老师重复手语动作，她的手语能力只是死记硬背、物质激励的结果，没有表现智能的一面。她的看护人认为W a s h o e能够表现出智能的一面，其证据是W a s h o e还能教三个小猩猩学习手语。由此可见此段就猩猩有没有智能进行争论。所 以E项“关于猩猩的智能的争论”符合本段内容，故选E o第2 6题:P a r a g r a g h 4参考答案：A详细解答：第四段中主要解释了为什么现在没有很多的科学家从事这项研究，其部分原因是研究周期太长，所 以A项符合本段的内容，故选A。第2 7题:W a s h o e c o u l d m a k e s i g n s t o c o m m u n i c a t e .参考答案：C详细解答：第四段第二句提到 W a s h o e m a d e s i g n s t o c o m m u n i c a t e w h e n i t w a s t i m et o e a t.”,w h e n i t w a s t i m e t o e a t 与 C 项的 w h e n s h e w a n t e d t o e a t 表达的意思一致，故选C。第2 8题：S o m e s c i e n t i s t s d o u b t e d .参考答案：Aio详细解答：第三段的前半部分讲到了一些科学家怀疑Gardener夫妇的试验的结果，即他们怀疑Gardener夫妇的论据是否合理，所以选A。第 29题:Washoe taught three younger chimps sign language.参考答案:D详细解答：第 三 段 的 最 后 一 句 提 到 He took Washoe to a research center inEllensburg,Washington.There,Washoe taught sign language to threeyounger chimpanzees which are still alive.,其中的 There 指 的 是“华盛顿爱伦斯堡的一家研究中心”，所以答案是D。第 30题:The experimenters thought Washoe was intelligent.参考答案：E详细解答：第二段中谈到实验者认为Washoe很聪明，列举很多例子进行证明，其中的一个 例 子 是 She could request foods like apples and bananas”,E 项的表达与此一致，故选 E。阅读理解 下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5 道题，每道题后面有 4 个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从 4个选项山选择1个最佳答案。The State of M arriage TodayIs there something seriously wrong with marriage today?Duringthe past 50 years,the rate of divorce in the United States has exploded;almost 50%of marriages end in divorce now,and the evidence suggests itis going to get worse.If this trend continues,it will lead to the breakupof the family,according to a spokesperson for the National FamilyAssociation.Some futurists predict that in 100 years,the averageAmerican will marry at least four times,and extramarital affairs willbe even more common than they are now.But what are the reasons for this,and is the picture reallyso gloomy?The answer to the first question is really quite simple:marriage is no longer the necessity it once was.The institution ofmarriage has been based for years partly on economic need.Women used tobe economically dependent on their husbands as they usually didnt have11jobs outside the home.But with the rising number of women in well-payingjobs,this is no longer the case,so they dont feel that they need tostay in a failing marriage.In answer to the second question,the outlook may not be aspessimistic as it seems.While the rate of divorce has risen,the rateof couples marrying has never actually fallen very much,so marriage isstill quite popular.In addition to this,many couples now cohabit anddont bother to marry.These couples are effectively married,but theydo not appear in either the marriage or divorce statistics.In fact,morethan 50%of first marriages survive.The statistics are deceptive becausethere is a higher number of divorces in second and third marriages thanin-first marriages.So is marriage really an outdated institution?The fact thatmost people still get married indicates that it isnt.And it is also truethat married couples have a healthier life than single people:they sufferless from stress and its consequences,such as heart problems,and marriedmen generally consider themselves more contented than their singlecounterparts.Perhaps the key is to find out what makes a successfulmarriage and apply it to all of our relationships!第31题：Which is true about the problem of marriage in the United States today?A.Divorce leads to the breakup of the family.B.Half of the married couples get divorced.C.American people marry more than four times.D.M ore and more people are getting divorced.参考答案：D第一段第二句讲到“the rate of divorce in the United States has exploded：almost 50%of marriages end in divorce now.and the evidence suggests itis going to get worse”，可知美国的离婚率激增，现在差不多50%的婚姻以离婚收场，而且会变得越来越糟糕，即越来越多的人将会离婚，D项的表达与此一致，故选 D。根据“it will lead to the breakup of the family 和“theaverage American will marry at least fore times”可知这些表达的都是将来会发生的状况，所以A、C不正确。第32题：What does this is no longer the case in paragraph two mean?A.It is not necessary to get married any more.B.Women do not need a husband any longer.C.Women are not economically dependent any more.D.M any wives do well-paying jobs outside home now.参考答案：C12第二段最后一句讲到“随着高薪女性的增多，情况也已经改变(this is no longerthe case),其中的this指的是前一句话的内容“过去妇女们在外面没有工作，她们常常在经济上依赖她们的丈夫”，由此可见this is no longer the case指的就是妇女们如今在外工作，在经济上不再依赖她们的丈夫，所以选C。第33题：Why may the outlook of marriage not be as gloomy as it appears?A.M any people still like to get married.B.The rate of divorce has actually decreased.C.Over 50%of the marriages continue to exist.D.The statistics of divorce is not quite true.参考答案：A第三段第二句提至“While the rate of divorce has risen,the rate of couplesmarrying has never actually fallen very much,so