[精选]中国食品安全管理规制的现状和改革思路.pptx

International Symposium“Food Safety:Consumer,Trade,and Regulation Issues The Situation and Reform Plan about the Food Safety Legislation and Regulations in China 中国食品平安管理规制的 现状和 思路n Xiaofeng Zhaon Northwest Sci-Tec University of Agriculture and ForestryBackground:Current situations of food consumption in China n Food consumption level with its quantity is improving 食品消费水平和质量不断提高n Increasing demand for safe,nutritious,and tasty food消费者对“平安、营养和美味食品的需求日益增加 n Informational chains of food safety were broken，Many foodpoisioning accidents occurred annually 食品质量平安的信息链割裂，食品中毒事件频发 n Food quality grades are uneven,high quality products cannot guarante good prices食品质量等级参差不齐，难以保证优质优价Changes of Engel Coefficient in China%Data of heavy foodpoisioning accidents in China 1998-first half of 2003 Background:Main origins of unsafe foodn Pollution es from farming种养业的源头污染n Industrial pollution deteriorated agricultural environment 工业污染对生态环境的破坏n Illegal food production and trade 非法食品生产和贸易n Some restaurants and other catering business have no necessary sanitations餐饮业卫生条件不合格n Consumers lack mon scene of food consumption局部消费者缺乏食品消费的常识Causes of foodpoisioning accidentsOrganizations involved in food safety supervision-Where we are now?n Ministry of Agriculture MOA n Ministry of Health MOH n State Administration for Industry&merce SAIC n State General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine AQSIQ n Ministry of merce MOC n State Administration of Environmental Protection SAEP n State Food and Drug Administration SFDA Organizations involved in food safety supervision and their functions-Where we are now?Organizations Main FunctionsMOA Administrating the production of agricultural input materials Organizing production of pollution-free,green and organic food Administrating the certification of safe foodAQSIQ Monitoring,inspecting,testing national product quality Administrating the work of certification,accreditation,and standardizationMOH Administrating national food hygiene standards Monitoring national food sanitationSAIC Market supervisionMOC Market regulation and control on the market of key consuming productsSAEP Formulating state quality standards of environment Certification and supervision of organic food SFDA prehensive supervision the quality safety of food,healthcare products and cosmetics Coordinating the involved organizations Current management systems on food safety-Where we are now?n Agricultural technical standards system has formed basically农业技术标准体系基本形成n Quality certification system is on the way质量认证体系建设开始起步n Test system on agricultural products was set up initially农产品检测检验体系逐步建立Progress on the management of food safety-Where we are now?n“Pollution-free food movement plan was promoted“无公害食品行动方案 全面推进n Production of green food is in large scale绿色食品开展初具规模n Organic food was exported 有机食品走向世界n Standards of quality safety were advanced steadily 质量平安标准逐步推广n Market access system of food safety was put into effect食品质量平安市场准入制度开始实施“Pollution-free food movement plan was promoted nationallyn From July 7th,2001,preliminary experiences of the plan carried on in the selected cities.n MOA promoted the Plan nationally in the July of 2002 n On May 25th,2003,the fist catalogue of 214 kinds of pollution-free agricultural products which attained certificate was published.These certificates belong to 155 enterprises in China and they are totaled 2.12 million tons.Production of green food is in large scalen China has developed green food in 1990s.n 30 per cent of green food is primary products and 70 per cent is processed products.n The output amounted to 25 million tons and the sales reached RMB￥59.7 billion including export sales of US$0.84 billion in 2002n 4.45 million ha.green food production fields environment was monitored Organic food was exportedn Chinas organic food has experienced steady development in 1990sn By the end of 2002,there were about 200 kinds of organic food n SAEP has granted 10.67 thousand ha.organic production base and 17.33 thousand ha.conversion base n The export sales of organic food have increase from US$300 thousand in 1995 to US$0.1billion in 2001 Technical standards of food safety were advanced steadilyn In October of 2001,AQSIQ has issued eight items of state standards of pollution-free agricultural products,which involves 15 kinds of productsn MOA has issued 45 items of green food standards in 1995 and 2002 n SAEP has implemented Technical Regulations of Organic Food April of 2002 and OFDC Organic Food Standards July of 2003 Market access system of food safety was put into effectn From August 1st of 2003 on,AQSIQ has initiated the market access system of food quality safety nationally.The movement has regulated the quality safety of wheat powder,rice,edible oil,sauce and vinegar by production license,pulsory delivery inspection and quality safety mark.n It is said that the movement will popularize to other 10 sorts of daily food by the end of 2003Defects 1:current legislations and regulations on food safetyn The system of legislations and regulations on food quality safety were imperfect食品平安的法律法规不健全n The system of food safety needs to be improved食品平安管理体系不健全n Hazards were not recognized and disposed as they should be对各种危害认识缺乏，处分太轻The imperfect system of legislations and regulations on food safety n Main existing legislations:Agricultural Law,Product Quality Law,Food Hygiene Law some quality standards of pollution-free food,green food and organic food But,n not a general law which aimed at assuring quality safety on whole food supply chain and consumers interests n there is still not legislation on quality responsibility of primary agricultural and livestock products.The system of food safety needs to be improvedn Not a prehensive quality standards system which includes all food,and most of quality standards fall far behind the international levels or advanced levelsn Not a uniform food certification system n Food test system is imperfectn Not a national monitoring system of food safety n Social service system of quality safety needs to be establishedHazards were not recognized and disposed as they should ben the punishment to the violators was so light that it can not crack down on serious food safety criminal activities utterly Defects 2:polymanagement on food safety n It is difficult to coordinate effectively among supervisors of food safety多头管理，业务操作中难以有效协调 n The isolated organizational system of food safety makes against systemic food supervision各自为政的食品平安组织体系，不利于进行系统的风险监管n Reaction on the accidents of food safety was delayed影响到食品平安事故的反响能力Supervisors involved in whole food supply chain Defects 3:munication between supervisors and producers was not enoughn Farmers are lack of the production concept in accordance with some standards农民缺乏按照标准生产的意识n Supervisors emphasize on market inspection while neglect the instruction and proper guidance in the production重视市场检验而无视生产中的制定和合理引导n Farmers and traders are lack of necessary food safety knowledge 生产经营者缺乏必要的食品平安知识Defects 4:Construction of market system and supervision of food circulation were neglectedn Wholesale food market in the production place were lagged behind the demand,and the supervision of retail market was in disorder农畜产品产地批发市场的开展不能满足需要，食品零售管理无序n Managerial techniques and facilities for agricultural logistics need to be improved 农业物流的管理技术和设施急需提高和完善Reform plan 1:Enacting Food Safety Laws,and Setting up a Uniform Food Safety Bureau SFSB n The aim of food safety laws:assuring national food safety preventing from the risks which can be predicted granting full authority to SFSB in supervising the whole food supply chain and national food safety Reform plan 1:Enacting Food Safety Laws,and Setting up a Uniform Food Safety Bureaun SFSBs tasks:assuring the national food safety-primary task supervising quality safety of agricultural input materials advancing new production techniques on food safety supervising good performance in food production popularizing the knowledge of food safety cooperating with foreign food safety organization Reform plan 2:Perfecting management system of food safetyn Food quality standards system 食品质量标准体系n Food quality certification system 食品质量认证体系n Food quality test system食品质量检验检测体系n Food risk alert and rapid reaction system 食品风险预警和快速反响体系Food quality standards systemn Set up and perfect environmental monitoring standards system,technical standards system of food safety,food grading system,establish technical standards of GMP in all links of food supply chain n Formulate and revise food technical standards which closely related to consumers daily life initiallyn Extend the standards in the modern agricultural zones in advance n All the technical standards should be based on scientific research,and should be examined and verified periodically n Strengthen the enforcement and popularization of food quality standardsFood quality certification systemn Make efforts in constructing the organizational system of certification n Enact and perfect legislation and regulations on certification,production license and hygiene registrationn Strengthen the construction of certificating business system Food quality test systemn Increase quality test stations in grass-roots n Increase the budget on the replacement of old equipments and employees training n Extend the test scopesn Develop the test system with a tactical wayFood risk alert and rapid reaction systemn Develop responsibility system and traceability system of food quality safety n Four main subsystems:risk informational system rapid notification system organizational system of risk precaution rapid reaction system of accidents.Reform plan 3:Strengthening the supervision on the principal food producers n The leading enterprises and cooperative economic organizations are focal supervising units 以龙头企业和合作经济组织为工作重点n Food production bases are the centre of the food safety以食品，尤其是农畜产品生产基地为中心开展工作Reform plan 4:Strengthening the construction of market system,and taking advantage of agricultural logistics to assuring food safetyn The normalization of food market system should be strengthened加强食品市场体系的标准化建设n Circulating facilities and relating service system should be improved促进食品流通市场设施和配套效劳体系建设n Brand construction of agricultural and livestock products should be strengthened加强农畜产品的品牌建设 to be continuedReform plan 4:Strengthening the construction of market system,and taking advantage of agricultural Logistics to assuring food safetyn Convenient instant test techniques should be developed 开发简便易行的食品质量平安快速检测技术n Perfecting market informational system of food quality Safety 完善食品平安的市场信息系统 Reform plan 5:Popularizing the national education on food safetyn Training farmers and enterprises Employee农民和企业职工的平安教育和培训n National education on food consumption全民平安食品消费教育Thanks and Questions!MOMODA POWERPOINTLorem ipsum dolor sit amet,consectetur adipiscing elit.Fusce id urna blandit,eleifend nulla ac,fringilla purus.Nulla iaculis 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