直接引语变间接引语讲解课件概要1.ppt

直接引语变间接引语直接引语变间接引语I am the king of the whole world.What does the lion say?DirectSpeechandReportedSpeech引语的概念引语的概念直接引述别人的原话，叫直接引述别人的原话，叫 _;_;直接引语直接引语 用自己的话把别人的话陈述出来，叫用自己的话把别人的话陈述出来，叫 _。间接引语间接引语直接引语通常都用直接引语通常都用_括起来，括起来，引号引号“间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个 _。宾语从句宾语从句DirectSpeechReportedSpeechShesaid,“Ilikesinging.Shesaid,“Iamwaitingforabus.Shesaid,“IvisitedEuropelastyear.Shesaid,“IhavenevermetanAmerican.Shesaid,“Iwillseeyounextweek.Shesaidshelikedsinging.Shesaidshewaswaitingforabus.ShesaidshehadvisitedEuropetheyearbefore.ShesaidshehadnevermetanAmerican.Shesaidshewouldseemethenextweek.SUMMARY 直直接接引引语语是是陈陈述述句句,变变为为间间接接引引语语时时用用连连词词that引引导导宾宾语语从从句句.从从句句中中的的人人称称、时时态态、指指示示代代词词、时时间间状状语语、地地点点状语状语等相应变化等相应变化.一、如何变人称：一、如何变人称：口诀：一随主。二随宾，第三不变。口诀：一随主。二随宾，第三不变。“一随主是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从一随主是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如：句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如：Shesaid,Mybrotherwantstogoshoppingwithme.Shesaidherbrotherwantedtogoshoppingwithher.“二随宾是指直接引语变间接引语时，二随宾是指直接引语变间接引语时，假设从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称或假设从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称或被第二人称所修饰。从句中的人称要跟被第二人称所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称，的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称，如：如：HesaidtoKate.Howisyoursisternow?HeaskedKatehowhersisterwasthen。“第三人称不更新是指直接引语变间第三人称不更新是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如：人称一般不需要变化如：Mr.Smithsaid,“Jackisagoodboy.Mr.SmithsaidJackwasagoodboy.She asked me“Do you know my name?She asked meI knew her name.Whether/if是否是否直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句,间接引语应改为由间接引语应改为由whether或或if引导的宾引导的宾语从句语从句.Hesaid,Canyouswim,John?“HeaskedJohnifhecouldswim。“Doyougotoschoolbybusorbybike?HeaskedmeifIwenttoschoolbybusorbybike.She asked me“What are you doing?She asked meI was doing.whatShe asked me“How does she go to school?She asked meShe went to school.how直接引语如果是特殊问句，间接引语应该改为由疑问代词直接引语如果是特殊问句，间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句宾语从句必须用陈述句语序或疑问副词引导的宾语从句宾语从句必须用陈述句语序。Sheaskedme,Whendotheyhavetheirdinner?Sheaskedmewhentheyhadtheirdinner.Sheaskedme,WhatwasJackdoingwhenIcomein?SheaskedmewhatJackwasdoingwhenshecamein.1.“Where is she from?He asked where she was from.2.“How old are they?He asked how old they were.3.“Whats the weather like today?He asked what the weather was like that day.4.“How do you go to school?.He asked how you went to school.5.“Who is singing?He asked who was singing.6.“When do you get up?He wanted to know when I got up.SUMMARY 直直接接引引语语是是疑疑问问句句，变变间间接接引引语语时时，要从疑问语序变为要从疑问语序变为陈述语序陈述语序。直直接接引引语语是是一一般般疑疑问问句句反反意意疑疑问问句句，选选择择疑疑问问句句,变变为为间间接接引引语语时时,用用连连词词 if或或whether连接。连接。直直接接引引语语是是特特殊殊疑疑问问句句,变变为为间间接接引引语时语时,仍用仍用原来原来的疑问词的疑问词作连词来引导。作连词来引导。4.直接引语是祈使句变为间接引语的方法直接引语是祈使句变为间接引语的方法 间接引语应改为间接引语应改为 “tell(ask,order等等)sb(not)to do sth.句句型。型。She said,“Dont talk.She asked the children She said,“Be quiet.She asked me She said,“Put up you hands if you have anyquestions.She told ustoputupourhandsifwehadanyquestions.tobequiet.nottotalk.DirectSpeechReportedSpeech“Neverdothatagain,theteachersaidThepolicemanorderedustobequiet.Thepolicemanordered:“Bequiet.Theteachertoldtheboytoopenthewindow Theteachersaidtotheboy,Openthewindow.Theteachertoldmenot/nevertodothatagain“Waitamomentshesaidtothem.Sheaskedthemtowaitamoment.直接引语是祈使句，变成间接引语，直接引语是祈使句，变成间接引语，把动词原形变成把动词原形变成动词不定式动词不定式，并在动词不，并在动词不定前加定前加tell,ask,order,advise等动等动词的宾语。词的宾语。注意：注意：否定句，在动词不定式前加否定句，在动词不定式前加not或或never.SUMMARYExercises:1).BettysaystoHarry,Iwanttoborrowyourbook.2).Myteachersaid,“sheisagoodstudent.BettysaystoHarry(that)shewantstoborrowhisBook.Myteachersaidthatshewasagoodstudent.Exercises:1).BettysaystoHarry,Iwanttoborrowyourbook.2).Myteachersaid,“sheisagoodstudent.BettysaystoHarry(that)shewantstoborrowhisBook.Myteachersaidthatshewasagoodstudent.3)Sheaskedme,Doyouagreewithme?4)Anneaskedhermother,“Isthereanydeliciousfoodtoeat?SheaskedmeifIagreedwithher.Anneaskedhermotheriftherewasanydeliciousfoodtoeat.5)“Whatareyougoingtodo?heasked.6“Howdoyougotoschooleveryday?askedMr.Zhang.HeaskedmewhatIwasgoingtodo.Mr.ZhangaskedhowIwenttoschooleveryday.7).Momsaid,“Dontchatwithstrangers8).“Goshoppingwithme,please?saidMr.Wang.Momtoldmenottochatwithstrangers.Mr.Wangaskedmetogoshoppingwithhim.1.Shesaidtome“Whyareyouinterestedinscience?2.Sheaskedme_interestedinscience.3.2.Heaskedhim“whenwillyoubuytheredcoat?4.Heaskedhim_buytheredcoat.5.3.Shirleyaskedme“Wherewereyouborn?6.Shirleyaskedme_born.7.4.“Whatswrongwithyou?Lilyaskedme.8.Lilyaskedme_with_.9.5.Thegirlaskedme“Whathappened?10.Thegirlaskedme_.Exercises:whyIwaswhenhewouldwhereIwaswhatwaswrongmewhathappened本卷须知1)1)人称人称2)2)时态时态 3)3)相应的时间地点状语相应的时间地点状语4)4)标点符号标点符号5 5 大小写大小写6 6 问号改为句号问号改为句号7 7 语序语序-疑问改陈述疑问改陈述8 8 宾语从句由什么引出宾语从句由什么引出9)9)祈使句要使用动词不定式来引述祈使句要使用动词不定式来引述直接引语变间接引语所在的句子类型直接引语变间接引语所在的句子类型1.1.陈述句陈述句2.2.一般疑问句一般疑问句(反意疑问句，选择疑问句反意疑问句，选择疑问句3.3.特殊疑问句特殊疑问句4.4.祈使句祈使句一、如何变人称：一、如何变人称：口诀：一随主。二随宾，第三不变。口诀：一随主。二随宾，第三不变。“一随主是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从一随主是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如：句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如：Shesaid,Mybrotherwantstogoshoppingwithme.Shesaidherbrotherwantedtogoshoppingwithher.“二随宾是指直接引语变间接引语时，二随宾是指直接引语变间接引语时，假设从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称或假设从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称或被第二人称所修饰。从句中的人称要跟被第二人称所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称，的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称，如：如：HesaidtoKate.Howisyoursisternow?HeaskedKatehowhersisterwasthen。“第三人称不更新是指直接引语变间第三人称不更新是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如：人称一般不需要变化如：Mr.Smithsaid,“Jackisagoodboy.Mr.SmithsaidJackwasagoodboy.直接引语直接引语 间接引语间接引语一般现在时一般现在时 一般过去时一般过去时 现在进行时现在进行时 过去进行时过去进行时一般过去时一般过去时 过去完成时过去完成时现在完成时现在完成时 过去完成时过去完成时一般将来时一般将来时 过去将来时过去将来时Theteachersaid,“Thesunisbiggerthantheearth.Theteachersaidthatthesunisbiggerthantheearth.注注:直引假设是客观真理直引假设是客观真理,变为间引时变为间引时,时态不变时态不变.时态变化二二二、如何变时态：二、如何变时态：直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整。直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整。1)一般现在时一般现在时一般过去时态；一般过去时态；Shesaid:“Iamastudent.Shesaid(that)shewasastudent.2)一般将来时一般将来时过去将来时过去将来时Shesaid,Hewillgotoseehisfriend.Shesaidhewouldgotoseehisfriend。Tomsaid,“Iamgoingtoplaybasketballtomorrow.Tomsaidhewasgoingtoplaybasketballtomorrow.3)现在进行时现在进行时过去进行时；过去进行时；Shesaid,“Iamreadingabook.Shesaidshewasreadingabook.注意：以下几种情况时态注意：以下几种情况时态不变不变直接引语是客观真理。直接引语是客观真理。TheteachersaidTheearthmovesaroundthesun.Theteachersaidmetheearthmovesaroundthesunearth.直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。变为间接引语时，时态不变。如：如：Jacksaid.IwasbornonApril2l,1980.直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。Jacksaid.“IwasdoingchoreswhenTomcametoseemeJacksaidhewasdoingchoreswhenTomcametoseehim.JacksaidhewasbornonApril21,1980.直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。(时刻表时刻表如：如：Hesaid,“Igetupatsixeverymorning。如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式不再如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式不再变变例：例：could,should,would,mightThedoctorsaid,“Youshouldstayinbedfor2days.ThedoctorsaidIshouldstayinbedfor2days.和已经是过去时的形式时，和已经是过去时的形式时，例：例：oughtto，hadbetter,usedtoPetersaid.Youhadbettercomeheretoday.Hesaidhegetsupatsixeverymorning.PetersaidIhadbettergotherethatday.now-thenyesterday-thedaybeforetoday-thatdaytomorrow-thenextdaylastweek/year-theweek/yearbeforethisweek/year-thatweek/yearnextweek/year-thenextweek/yearaweek/yearago-aweek/yearbefore直接引语中的时间状语转换规那么：直接引语中的时间状语转换规那么：直接引语中的时间状语转换规那么：直接引语中的时间状语转换规那么：三三、1.ago-before2、直接引语中的指示代词转换规那么：、直接引语中的指示代词转换规那么：3、直接引语中动词、直接引语中动词come在间接引语中用在间接引语中用go:4、直接引语中副词、直接引语中副词here在间接引语中用在间接引语中用there：5、如果是在当天或在原地转达，那么上述时间状、如果是在当天或在原地转达，那么上述时间状语语或地点状语一律不变：或地点状语一律不变：thisthatthesethose三、如何变状语：三、如何变状语：直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内在规律，直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内在规律，时间状语由时间状语由“现在改为现在改为“原来原来例：例：now变为变为then,yesterday变为变为thedaybeforetoday变为变为thatdayHesaid,Iwanttogoswimmingnow.Hesaidhewantedtogoswimmingthen.地点状语，尤其表示方向性的，地点状语，尤其表示方向性的，here变变thereTheteachersaid,“Youshouldcomehereat7:00.TheteachersaidIshouldgothereat7:00.指示代词修饰的状语，由指示代词修饰的状语，由“此改为此改为“彼彼例：例：this改为改为thatHesaid,Thisbookismine.“Hesaidthatbookwashis.谓语动词的变化谓语动词的变化:直接引语直接引语:Must;Come;bring间接引语间接引语:hadto;go;takeShesaid,Iwillcomeherethisevening.Shesaidthatshewouldgotherethatevening1.Jacksaidtome,“Youlookworriedtoday.Jacktoldmethat_worried_.A.helookstodayB.youlooktodayC.welookedthatdayD.IlookedthatdayExerciseIExerciseI2.Wesaidtoher,“Theyrewalkingthroughthestreetnow.Wetoldherthat_throughthestreet_.A.wewerewalkingthenB.youarewalkingnowC.theywerewalkingthenD.theywalkingnow3.MrBlacksaid,“Ihavewalkedalongwaythisweek.MrBlacksaidthat_alongway_.A.IhadwalkedlastweekB.hehadwalkedthatweekC.IwalkedlastweekD.hehaswalkedthisweek4.Themanthought,“Ishalltakeitbacktomorrow.Themanthoughtthat_takeitback_.A.IshalltomorrowB.IshallthenextdayC.heshouldtomorrowD.hewouldthenextday5.Theysaidtous,“Areyouafraidtoleavethishouse?Theyaskedus_afraidtoleave_house.A.thatwerewethisB.thatwewerethatC.ifwerewethisD.ifwewerethat6.Janesaid,“Whatdidhehearaboutaweekago?Janeasked_about_.A.thatheheardaweekagoB.whathehadheardtheweekbeforeC.whathehadherdaweekagoD.ifheheardtheweekago7.Sheasked,“Whosehousewillhebreakintonexttime?Sheaskedwhosehouse_breakinto_.A.willhenexttimeB.wouldhethenexttimeC.hewouldthenexttimeD.hewillnexttime8.Jacksaidtoher,“Wheredoyouspendyourholidays?Jackaskedherwhere_holidays.A.shespentherB.youspendyourC.shespendherD.youspentyour9.Blackaskedme,“Whyhaventyoulefthereyet?Blackaskedmewhy_yet.A.IhadntleftthereB.IhaventlefthereC.hadntIleftthereD.haventIlefthere10.Theteacheraskedher,“Doesthesunriseintheeast?Theteacheraskedher_thesun_intheeast.A.ifriseB.ifrisesC.whetherroseD.whetherdidriseExercise1.“Inevereatmeat.hesaid.Hesaidthat_never_meat.2.“Ivefoundmywallet.hesaidtome.He_methathe_wallet.3.“Itookithomewithme.shesaid.Shesaidthat_ithomewithher.4.Theteachersaid,“Thesunrisesintheeastandgoesdowninthewest.Theteachersaidthatthesun_intheeastand_downinthewest.5.“Imetheryesterday.hesaidtome.He_methathe_mettheday_.6.“Youmustcomeherebeforefive.hesaid.HesaidthatI_togo_beforefive.7.“Iboughtthehouse10yearsago.hesaid.Hesaidthathe_boughtthehouse10years_.heatetoldhadFound hisshehadtakenrisegoestoldhadbeforehadbeforehadthere8.“Didyouseeherlastweek?hesaid.He_Ihadseenhertheweek_.9.Hesaid,“Youcansithere,Jim.He_Jimthathe_sitthere10.Heasked,“Howdidyoufindit,mother?Heaskedhermother_foundit.11.“Wherehaveyoubeenthesedays?heasked.Heaskedme_been_days.12.“Doyouknowwhereshelives?heasked.Heasked_knewwhereshe_.13.“Stopmakingsomuchnoise,children.hesaid.He_thechildren_makingsomuchnoise.14.“Donttellhimthenews.shesaid.Shetoldme_himthenews.15.“Areyouintestedinthis?hesaid.He_Iwasinterestdin_.ifaskedtoldbeforeshecouldwherehowhadihadthoselivediifstoptotoldtonotaskedtellifthat