人教版八年级上unit3形容词副词比较级和最高级课件.ppt

Adjectives and Adverbs形容词、副词的比较级知识点详解形容词（Adjective 简称adj.）：主要用来描写或修饰名词或代词，表示人或事物的性质、状态、特征或属性eg：一.表示名词的性质、颜色、大小和状态等的形容词。如：new、big、tall二、数量形容词1）不定数量形容词：如：somemany2）数词。如：fourapples注意：多个形容词修饰名词时，其顺序为：限定词限定词-数词数词-描绘词描绘词-(-(大小，长短，形状，新大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色旧，颜色)-)-出处出处-材料性质，类别材料性质，类别-名词名词asmallroundtableatallgraybuildingadirtyoldbrownshirtafamousGermanmedicalschoolanexpensiveJapanesesportscar口诀：县官行令杀国材县县，即，即“限限”，指，指限定词限定词，如：，如：the;a/an;this;the;a/an;this;that;your;my;histhat;your;my;his官官，即，即“观观”，指，指观点观点或或评价性评价性形容词，如：形容词，如：lovely;interesting;beautiful;moving;instructivelovely;interesting;beautiful;moving;instructive行行，即，即“形形”，指，指形状大小形状大小，如：，如：large;big;large;big;small;little;round;square.small;little;round;square.令令，即，即“龄龄”，指，指年龄年龄及及新旧新旧，如：，如：new;old;new;old;ancient;two-year-oldancient;two-year-old杀杀，即，即“色色”，指，指颜色颜色，如：，如：red;green;red;green;orange;brownorange;brown国国，指，指国家国家或或出处出处，如：，如：Chinese;Japanese;Chinese;Japanese;home-madehome-made材材，指，指材料材料，也就是用什么做的。如：，也就是用什么做的。如：earth;earth;brick;glass;stone;concretebrick;glass;stone;concrete其中，“限定词”包括：冠词、物主代词、指示代词、或数词，它位于各类形容词前。它本身分为三位，即：前、中、后。1.前位限定词有all、half、both、分数和倍数；2.中位限定词有冠词、指示代词、物主代词等；3.后位限定词有基数词和序数词，但序数词位于基数词前。如:bothmyhands、allhalfhisincome 等。副词（Adverb 简称adv.）：是指在句子中表示是指在句子中表示行为行为或或状态特征状态特征的词，的词，用以用以修饰动词修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或全句。、形容词、其他副词或全句。表示表示范围、范围、时间、地点、程度、方式等概时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。副词可分为：时间副词、频率副词、地点念。副词可分为：时间副词、频率副词、地点副词、方式副词、程度副词、疑问副词、连接副词、方式副词、程度副词、疑问副词、连接副词、关系副词副词、关系副词.环卫管理人员的工作总结在市委、市政府、社会各界的亲切关怀和市建设局的正确领导下,以创建五型机关单位、开展保持共产党员先进性教育活动为契机。以下是XX整理好的,一起来看看吧!【1】20XX年,市容环卫局按照县委、县政府的工作部署,全面贯彻落实市、县“三会”精神,结合本单位年初工作计划,全面推进城乡生活垃圾治理,狠抓文明县城创建工作落实,推动行政服务行为规范有序开展,环卫事业呈现良好的发展态势。现将201x年上半年主要工作简要总结如下:全面细化任务,扎实推进城乡生活垃圾治理。自去年10月24日召开全县城乡生活垃圾治理动员大会以来,我局紧紧按照省、市城乡生活垃圾治理工作要求,全面推动县城和各镇的生活垃圾治理工作,加快城乡环卫基础设施建设和设备、人员的配备,大力构建“户收集、村集中、镇转运、县处理”生活垃圾收运治理模式,进一步夯实了城乡环卫统筹一体化发展、环卫公共服务均等化基础,为实现创建国家生态县提供了保证。一是完成了垃圾收运处理设施专项规划。根据省、市有关要求,我县已于201X年11月委托深圳市新城市规划建筑设计有限公司初步编制了xx县城乡生活垃圾处理专项规划。今年上半年,副词的作用1.用来修饰2.说明时间,地点,程度,方式等,做状语.动词形容词全句副词1.The cake Mrs Black made looks _,but it tastes _.A.bad;good B.bad;well C.badly;good D.badly;well2.The food on the plate smells _.You cant eat it.A.delicious B.badly C.well D.bad副词的构成1.形容词+ly构成副词e.g.different bad close free clear bright dangerous slow careful correct neat nice differentlycloselyclearlydangerouslycarefullyneatly badlyfreelybrightlyslowlycorrectlynicely根据要求写出下列单词的正确形式：1.easy(副词)2.correct(副词)3.quiet(副词)4.polite(副词)5.noise(副词)6.heavy(副词)7.luck(副词)8.angry(副词)easilycorrectlyquietlypolitelynoisilyheavilyluckilyangrilyHe is _(live),clever and outgoing.Our neighbours are _(friend)and we are happy here.livelyfriendly注意:3.并非以-ly结尾的词都是副词adj.adj.注意:2.true truly它的形容词变成副词时是去e 再加-lyfarearlylatestraighthard注意4:.有些词的形容词与副词的形式一样.(形副同型）fasthighlong形容词和副词比较级和最高级的构成规则变化单音节词和少数双音节词 1)一般情况加 er fast faster high higher tall taller 英语中的单词分为：单音节词、双音节词和多音节词。区分它们的关键是单词实际发音中元音音素的个数。1.音标中只有一个元音音素的是单音节词：dog，knight，face，brush等。2.音标中只包含两个元音音素的是双音节词：hello，tiny，peanut，people，bigger等。3.音标中包含三个及三个以上的元音音素的是多音节词：vegetable，internation，refrigerator，television，electricity等。2)以字母 e 结尾加 r fine finer late later nice nicer3)重读闭音节、末尾只有一个辅音 字母时双写加 er fat fatter big bigger thin thinner wet-wetter4)以辅音字母加 y 结尾变 y 为 i 加er early earlier easy easier lucky luckier friendly-friendlier 不规则变化 good/well better bad/badly/ill worse many/much more little less far farther(far further)双音节，多音节和+ly的副词比较级和最高级用more/the mostdeliciouspopularwonderfulslowlyhappilycarefully more deliciousmore popularmore wonderfulmore slowlymore happilymore carefully 遇到双元音怎么办？总结：除了以-ow、-y、-er、-ble/ple 结尾的，重音在后一个音节上的双音节形容词的比较级和最高级可以用后缀-er 和-est 外，其他双音节形容词只能在前面加more 和most。largerwiderbiggerhotterthinnerfatterhappierdriermoredifficultmorepopular总结：形容词比较级的规则变化tallerharder说出下列形容词的比较级说出下列形容词的比较级 1.many 2.difficult 3.big 4.heavy 5.cheapmore more difficultbigger heaviercheaper课堂检测：6.fast7.high8.clever9.fine 10.latefasterhigherclevererfinerlater1.important _ 2.easy_ 3.happy_ 4.thin_ 5.good_ 6.hot_ 7.many _ 8.nice_ 9.delicious_ 10.careful_ 写出下列形容词的比较级moreimportanteasierhappierthinnerbetterhottermorenicermoredeliciousmorecareful（一）写出下列形容词与副词的比较级形式：long_ good wide _ quietly fat _ late heavy_ outgoing slow _ clearly few_ early beautiful_ easy badly _ hard-working far_ serious quickly_ big happy_ thin sad_ fantastic loud loudly（二）用所给词的适当形式填空：1.My home is(far)_ than _(you).2.Bill is _(heavy)than Tom.3.Which do you like _(good)?4.Nobody is_(smart)than Li Tian in class.5.The elephant is _(big)than the horse.6.Mr.Smith si much _(old)than his wife.7.She is _(healthy)than her brother.8.The car goes_(fast)than the bike.l 1）最基础的比较级，A+动词+比较级+than B，意思是，“A比B”。l 2）much+比较级,意思是，“得多”。l 3）The+比较级，the+比较急级，意思是，“越越”。l 4）比较级+and+比较级，意思为，“越来越”。l 5）数词+名词+比较级+than，表示大多少，l 6）比较级+than any(other)+名词单数，这个比较级的形式表示的是最高级的意思。l 7）the+比较级+of the two，译为“两个中比较的”比较级用法总结（常考六种）：1）A+动词+比较级+than B“A比B”形容词比较级+than,表示一方超过另一方.She is cleverer than the other girls in her class.这间房子比那间房子大.This room is bigger than that one.这本书不如那本书有趣.This book is less interesting than that one.注意：1.比较的时候需要留意，必须是同类事物相比较。My hair is longer than his hair.(不能用he)I am taller than him.(不能用his)2.比较的时候需要注意，than 后用人称代词的宾格。eg:Jack is more outgoing than me.(不能用I,但是可以用I am)注意：注意：为了避免重复为了避免重复,在从句中常用在从句中常用one,that,thoseone,that,those等词等词来代替前面提过的名词来代替前面提过的名词.The weather here is warmer than The weather here is warmer than thatthat of Shanghai.of Shanghai.The radios made in our factory are better than The radios made in our factory are better than thosethose in your factory.in your factory.1.Johnseyesarebiggerthan Toms.2.TomshairislongerthanJohns.3.Mybrotherismoreseriousthan_(I).4.DoyouthinkLilyisbetteratEnglishthan_(she)?22）very/quite/so/as/too/really+原级 much/a little/a bit/a lot/even/far+比较级 I feel even worse today.Our city is much more beautiful than yours.我们的城市比你们的漂亮得多.Japan is a little larger than Germany.日本只比德国大一点儿.吃的越多，会变得越胖_youeat,_youwillbe.3）the+比较级+句子，the+比较级+句子越，就越。ThemorethefatterThebusierheis,thehappierhefeels.他越忙就越高兴.Thehighertheground（is）,thethinnerairbecomes.越高,空气就越稀薄1._(much)exerciseyoutake,_(healthy)youwillbe.Themorethehealthier2.The_(busy)heis,the_(happy)hefeels.busier happier44）比较级）比较级+and+and+比较级，比较级，“越来越越来越”Theearthisgettingwarmer and warmer.地球变得越来越暖和.Chinaismore and morebeautiful.中国变得越来越美丽注意：多音节形容词用此句型时,要用moreandmore+形容词原级；而不能用morebeautifulandmorebeautiful.5）数词+名词+比较级+than 表示大多少Imtwoyearsolderthanyou.我比你大二岁.SheisaheadtallerthanI（me）.她比我高一个头.Heis6）.比较级+thananyother+单数名词=比较级+thantheother+可数名词复数tallerthananyotherboy.7）the+比较级+of the two，译为“两个中比较的”Thiswatchisthecheaperofthetwoofthetwo.这支手表是两个中比较便宜的.Heisthebetterofthetwo.他是这两个人中比较好的.1.ThepopulationofChinais_(large)thananyother_(country)intheworld.2.Heis_than_boyinthefootballteam.A.clever,anyB.cleverer,anyotherlargercountryThisjacketisas_(big)asthatone.as+形容词原形+as两者相等两者相等Englishisas_(interesting)asChinese.TomisastallasMike.biginteresting句型一：句型2.not as+形容词原形+as not so+形容词原形+as“前者不及不如 后者 Thisschoolisnotasbeautifulasthatone.This school is not so beautiful as that one.表达前者不如后者还可以用：less+原级+thanThis school is less beautiful than that one翻译练习1.我和她一样勤奋.2.她的书不如我的多.3.汉语同英语一样难学.I am as hard-working as she is.She has not as many books as I have.Chinese is as difficult as English.句型3.倍数表示方法 a)a)倍数倍数+as+as+形容词形容词/副词原级副词原级+as+asb)b)倍数倍数+形容词形容词/副词比较级副词比较级+than+thanc)c)倍数倍数+the+n.+of+the+n.+ofThisropeisThisropeisthreetimesthreetimesaslongasaslongasthatone.thatone.ThisropeisThisropeisthreetimesthreetimeslongerthanlongerthanthatone.thatone.ThisropeisThisropeisthreetimesthreetimesthelengthofthelengthofthatone.thatone.补充：begoodat的比较级bebetteratdowellin的比较级bebetteratbebadat的比较级beworseatdobadlyin的比较级doworseinI.Fill in the blanks with the proper forms of the words given.(用括号中词的适当形式填空)1.My sister is _ than Richard.(old)2.He has _ homework to do than I do today.(much)3.Is football _ than volleyball?(exciting)4.The town is _ than it used to be.(clean)5.Im _ than his brother,Jim.(clever)6.I think she looks _ than in the photo.(pretty)oldermoremore excitingcleanerclevererprettier知识点：两者中的比较.当堂检测7.This road is _ than that one.(dangerous)8.This problem is _ than I thought.(important)9.Can you walk _ than a young man?(far)10.In summer it is much _ in Wuhan than in Beijing.(hot)11.Which is _,Room 201 or Room 108?(bright)more dangerousmore importantfartherbrighterhotter