牛津8Bunit1-语法课件.ppt

8BUnit 1 Past and PresentGrammar(A)Learningaims1.Toknowthepresentperfecttense.2.TomasterthestructureofthePPT.3.Tolearnthedifferencesbetweenthesimplepasttenseandthepresentperfecttense.1QuestionsaboutReading:(1)HowlonghasMr.ChenlivedinSunshineTown?(2)WhendidMr.Chengetmarried?(3)Therehavebeenmanychangesinthistown.Whathasthecentreoftownbecome?(4)HowdoesMr.Chenfeelfromtimetotime?He has lived in Sunshine Town since he moved there with his family when he was two years old.In 1965It has become a park.He feels a bit lonely.Thesimple pastTenseWe use the simple past tense to talk about what happened at a definite time in the past.Past present Eddie was born four years ago.一般过去时练习1I.改错题1.HowisJaneyesterday?_2.Hegotoschoolbybuslastweek._3.Heoftengoeshomeat6:00lastmonth._4.Icanflykitessevenyearsago._5.Didyousawhimjustnow._6.TomwasntwatchTVlastnight._7.Ididntmyhomeworkyesterday._8.Hewaitforyouthreehoursago._9.Whofinditjustnow?_Is改为wasGo改为wentGoes改为wentCan改为couldwasnt改为didntSaw改为seedidnt改为didntdowait改为waitedFind改为found一般过去时练习2用所给词的适当形式填空1TomandMary_(come)toChinalastmonth.2Mike_(notgo)tobeduntil12oclocklastnight.Sohe_(get)uplate.3Mary_(read)Englishyesterdaymorning.4There_(be)noonehereamomentago.5I_(call)Mikethismorning.6Ilistenedbut_(hear)nothing.7Tom_(begin)tolearnChineselastyear.6Lastweekwe_(pick)manyapplesonthefarm.9Mymother_(notdo)houseworkyesterday.camedidntgogotreadwascalledheardbeganpickeddidntdoThePresentPerfectTense现在完成时态现在完成时态特征：特征：1.We use the present perfect tense to talk about things that started in the past and continue to the present.Eddie has lived with Millie since he was born.Eddie has lived with Millie for four years.presentPastPastpresent4 years一、一、sincesince短语或从句表示过去的动短语或从句表示过去的动 作延续至今，作延续至今，sincesince之后的时间为一点之后的时间为一点。Mr.Smith has worked here since 1984.Mr.Smith has worked here since 1984.（1984年以来，史密斯先生一直在这工作。）年以来，史密斯先生一直在这工作。）HeHe s learned about 5,000 English words s learned about 5,000 English words since he went to college.since he went to college.（他上大学以来大约学了五千个英语单词。）他上大学以来大约学了五千个英语单词。）上一页下一页二二、forfor短语表示动作延续多长时短语表示动作延续多长时 间，间，forfor的宾语为时间段。的宾语为时间段。1.1.We have known each other for We have known each other for twenty years.twenty years.（我们认识有二十年（我们认识有二十年 了。）了。）2.I haven2.I haven t seen her for a long time.t seen her for a long time.（我好久没有见到她了。）（我好久没有见到她了。）上一页下一页选用选用 for和和 since填空填空:1.We havent seen each other _ a long time.2.His father has been in the Party _ 10 years ago.3.The film has been on _ 20 minutes.4.Mr Green has worked here _ he came to China.5.His grandparents have been dead _ several years.6.Its five years _ we met last time.forsinceforsinceforsince下一页上一页特征特征：2.We also use the present perfect tense to talk about things that happened in the past and have connection with the present.Eddiehaseatenmyfood.(EddieatethefoodandnowHobohasnothingtoeat.)快速阅读reading部分，找出含有现在完成时的句子，并说出是现在完成时的哪一种句式一、现在完成时的构成一、现在完成时的构成1.现在完成时的肯定句现在完成时的肯定句句型句型 主语（第一、二人称单、复数）主语（第一、二人称单、复数）+have 主语（第三人称复数）主语（第三人称复数）+have +过去分词过去分词 主语（第三人称单数）主语（第三人称单数）+has We have lived in Beijing.He has lived in Beijing.I have finished my homework.2.现在完成时的否定句现在完成时的否定句句型句型 主语主语+have/has+not+过去分词过去分词+E.g.1)I have not seen the movie yet.2)He hasnt been to Beijing since then.I/They/We/You have(not)moved.He/She/It has(not)has not=hasnt have not=havent 过去分词的构成过去分词的构成上一页下一页 Typeoriginal p.t p.pcostcostcostreadreadreadmeetmetmetcatchcaughtcaughtrideroderiddenspeakspokespokenkeepkeptkeptdrinkdrankdrunkeatateeatenABBAAA ABCMaking sentencesMr.Wu.Wu asks the students to complete the asks the students to complete the sentences below using the present perfect sentences below using the present perfect tense.Help them complete the sentences.tense.Help them complete the sentences.1.1.They_(finishThey_(finish)their homework.)their homework.2.2.Mr.And Mr.And Mrs.LiMrs.Li _(not come)back yet._(not come)back yet.3.3.John_(play)this computer game a few John_(play)this computer game a few times.times.4.4.We _(not We _(not see)thatsee)that film yet film yet5.5.MrMr Dong _(repair)over ten Dong _(repair)over ten bicycle since last Monday.bicycle since last Monday.6.6.You _(not You _(not visit)mevisit)me for a long for a long time.time.have finishedhavent comehas playedhave not seenhave not repairedhave not visitedCheck the answers:3.现在完成时的一般疑问句现在完成时的一般疑问句句型句型 Have/Has+Have/Has+主语主语+过去分词过去分词+.Have you finished the work?Have you finished the work?Has she arrived here?Has she arrived here?4.4.现在完成时的特殊疑问句现在完成时的特殊疑问句句型句型 特殊疑问词特殊疑问词+have/has+have/has+主语主语+过去分词过去分词+.How many times have you been How many times have you been to the Great Wall?to the Great Wall?Chat timeMillie and Sandy are talking about an exhibition of and Sandy are talking about an exhibition of the history of Beijing.Complete their the history of Beijing.Complete their conversation.Use the correct forms of the verbs conversation.Use the correct forms of the verbs in the bracketsin the brackets.M:_ you _(M:_ you _(see)anysee)any exhibition exhibition recently,Sandy?recently,Sandy?S:No,I _.What about you?S:No,I _.What about you?M:Yes,I _(see)one.I saw it M:Yes,I _(see)one.I saw it at the history museum last week.at the history museum last week.S:What is it about?S:What is it about?M:I _(forget)the M:I _(forget)the title.Ittitle.Its s about changes in Beijing over about changes in Beijing over the past century.the past century.Haveseenhaventhave seenhave forgottenS:Oh,yes.I _(hear)about S:Oh,yes.I _(hear)about it._ your cousin _(go)with it._ your cousin _(go)with you?you?M:No,he _.He _(be)very M:No,he _.He _(be)very busy this week.busy this week.S:Did you enjoy the exhibition?S:Did you enjoy the exhibition?M:Yes,I M:Yes,I did.Idid.I _(_(learn)alearn)a lot lot about Beijingabout Beijings past and present.s past and present.ItIts a good exhibition and I s a good exhibition and I _(decide)to see it again._(decide)to see it again.Do you want to go with me?Do you want to go with me?S:Sure.I wonS:Sure.I wont miss it this time.t miss it this time.have heardgoDidhas beenlearnthave decideddidntAct the dialogue out.用括号中动词的适当形式填空用括号中动词的适当形式填空1.He (wait)for an hour.2.I (not finish)the work yet.3.you (know)him since then?4.I (hear)from my father recently.5.We (be)there many times in the past 3 years.6.The dog (die)since 3 days ago.7.They (finish)the work so far.8.How long you (stay)at home already?has waitedhavent finishedHaveknownhave heardhave beenhas been deadhave finishedhavestayedPractice:9.I (not read)the book before.10.He just (do)it.11.My sister (walk)to school every day last year.12.We (have)an exam again sometime next week.13.By 2000,we (plant)2000 trees.14.Lucy (go)to Shanghai.She (leave)this morning.15.Tom (buy)the bike for 2 years.hasdonewalkedwill havehad plantedhas gonelefthave boughthavent read现在完成时的主要用法现在完成时的主要用法一一.表示过去发生的事情对现在造成的表示过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响。影响。上一页下一页Someone has just turned off the light.Someone has just turned off the light.(有人刚把灯关了。有人刚把灯关了。)I have already finished my I have already finished my homework.homework.(我已我已经经完成了家庭作完成了家庭作业业。)二二.表示从过去某一时刻开始并一直延表示从过去某一时刻开始并一直延 续到现在的动作或事情续到现在的动作或事情,但动作或事情可能仍在继但动作或事情可能仍在继续。续。上一页下一页 I want to see how much the place has I want to see how much the place has changed since changed since I saw it last.I saw it last.我想看看从上次见到那地方以来它发生了多大我想看看从上次见到那地方以来它发生了多大变化。变化。I have learnt English for more than I have learnt English for more than ten years.ten years.我已经学了我已经学了10多年的英语。多年的英语。现在完成时的主要用法现在完成时的主要用法、了解一般过去时与现在完成时最基本的区别是一般过去时强调动作发生的时间现在完成时侧重动作的结果 2、牢记现在完成时不能与表示过去的时间连用，包括疑问词when3、知道现在完成时的两种特点（1）：过去对对现在（瞬间性动词）（2）：过去到到现在（延续性动词）动动 词词 填填 空：空：1._ you _(clean)the room?1._ you _(clean)the room?Yes,we _(do)that already.Yes,we _(do)that already.When _ you _(do)it?When _ you _(do)it?We _(do)it an hour ago.We _(do)it an hour ago.2._ he _(see)this film yet?Yes.2._ he _(see)this film yet?Yes.When _ he _(see)it?When _ he _(see)it?He _ it last week.He _ it last week.3.How many times _you_(be)there?3.How many times _you_(be)there?Havecleanedhave donediddodidHasseendidseesawhavebeen下一页上一页4.I _(read)the novel twice.Its interesting.5.She _(go)to Pairs,hasnt she?Yes.How _ she _(go)there?She _(go)there by air.6.So far,many countries _(develop)their software programs.7.Mr Chen _(give)up smoking last year.8.Mr chen _(give)up smoking since last year.have readhas gonedidgowenthave developedgavehas given下一页上一页Homework复习本课所学内容复习本课所学内容完成导学案中练习完成导学案中练习预习预习PartB