高二英语下册知识点全新归纳2023.docx

高二英语下册知识点全新归纳2023高二英语下册知识点归纳1.Hotwordsandhotphrases常用词与常用词组MedicalstudiesshowthatAIDSviruscannotbetransmittedviathefollowingroutes：cups，glasses，toiletseats，swimmingpools，mosquitoes，otherinsectsorblooddonation.(P.49)AIDSisadiseasethatbreaksdownthebody'simmunesystemandleavesapersondefencelessagainstinfectionsandillness.(P.51)PeoplegetAIDSafterhavingbeeninfectedwiththeHIVvirus.(P.51)PeopletransmitHIVbyhavingunprotectedsex，byreceivinginfectedbloodtransfusionsor，asinXiaohua'scase，throughbirth.(P.51)Xiaohua'smothercontractedtheHIVviruswhenshewas28，andshediedofAIDSonlythreeyearsafterXiaohuawasborn.(P.51)ThediseaseisspreadingfasterinAfricaandpartsofAsia，mainlybecauseofalackofproperhealthcare，preventionandeducation.(P.51)Thedrugsthatareavailablearemuchtooexpensiveanddifficulttofind.(P.51)8.butshedoesnotletthatknowledgediscourageher.(P.51)ShealsogoestovisitotherAIDSpatientsinhospitalsacrossthecountrytosupportthemandcheerthemup.(P.51)ThediseaseisnottheonlythingthatAIDSpatientshavetosufferfrom.(P.52)AIDSresearchandeducation.(P.52)XiaohuahaslearnttolivewithHIVandthefactshewilleventuallygetAIDS.(P.52)Twoyearsago，DrRichardshadaskedmeagreatmanyquestionsandhadtakensamplesofmyblood.(P.55)MumheldmyhandandIsawthatshewasweeping.(P.55)15.Cancerisadiseasethatbeginsincells.(P.55)Inmybody，theproductionofcellsisdisrupted.(P.55)Doctorsdoknowthatcancerisnotcausedbyinjuryandisnotcontagiousitdoesnotspreadfromonepersontoanother.(P.55)Thecancerinmybodyhasbeendefeatedforthemoment.(P.55)Livingwithcancerhasmademerealizehowpreciouslifeisandhowimportantitisforustotakeeverychancetolivelifetothefullest.(P.55)EverydayisanewopportunityandIhavelearnttoappreciateeveryminuteofeachday.Languagepointsandgrammarfocus语言点和语法重点A.Languagepoints语言点HIV/AIDSisincurable.(P.49)AIDSisadiseasethat.leavesapersondefencelessagainstinfectionsandillness.(P.51)本单元中由前缀或后缀派生出的反义词的小结PeoplegetAIDSafterhavingbeeninfectedwiththeHIVvirus.(P.51)完成时的动名词的被动式的内涵及用法Aswithmostdiseasesanddisasters，theyoungsufferthemost.“定冠词+形容词/过去分词”表示“一类人”的用法的小结4.Ihadbeenfeelingsickforalongtimeandmymumhadtakenmetohospitaltohavemeexamined.(P.55)1)过去完成进行时的内涵及用法2)“tohave+宾语+过去分词”的两个内涵及用法5.ThetreatmentwassuccessfulandIwasabletogohomeafterexactlyfourteenmonths，twodaysandsixhoursinhospital.(P.55)was/wereabletodo与coulddo在内涵上的区别及各自的用法6.Ihavebeenlivingwithcancerfortwoyearsand.(P.55)现在完成进行时的内涵及用法.Skillsofthefouressentialabilities：listening，speaking，readingandwriting听、说、读、写四项基本能力的学习技巧Listening：Masterthemainideaofalongdialoguethroughtheinnerconnectionsamongthequestionssoastohavebetterunderstandingofthequestioneddetails从各设问间的内在联系把握较长对话的中心思想，更好理解各检测点的细节etc.Speaking：TalkaboutdeadlydiseasesandattitudestowardsAIDS，cancer，关于那些致命疾病及对待艾滋病、癌症等的态度的谈论3.Reading：Makefulluseofinformationalwordsandphrases充分利用信息词4.Writing：Howtowriteapersonalnarrative如何写一篇个人经历过的叙述性故事高二英语下册知识点归纳2一、不定式做主语：1、不定式做主语一般表示具体的某次动作。=动名词doing表示习惯的，经常的动e.g:Tofinishthebuildinginamonthisdifficult.Todosuchthingsisfoolish.Toseeistobelieve.(对等)注:1).不定式作主语时,谓语用单数2).当主语较长，谓语较短时，常用it做形式主语，而将不定式放到谓语的后面。it做形式主语，不定式放在谓语动词之后常用于下列结构中：Itis/was+adj.+ofsb.todoItis+adj.+forsb.+todoItiseasy/difficult/hard/foolish/unwise/right/wrong/unnecessaryitis+a+名词+todo.Itisapity/apleasure/apleasantthing/onesduty/anhonor/ashame/acrime/noeasyjobtodoIttakes(sb.)sometime/courage/patiencetodoItrequirescourage/patience/hardworktodo_注意:probable和possible均可作表语，但possible可以用不定式作真实主语，而probable不能用不定式作真实主语。主语是以aimdutyhopeideaintentionplanjobsuggestionwishpurposetask等为中心词的名词词组或以what引导的名词性从句表示，后面的不定式说明其内容,不定式作表语常表示将来或现在的动作或状态。eg:Myideaistoclimbthemountainfromthenorth.Yourmistakewasnottowritethatletter.WhatIwouldsuggestistostartworkatonce.三、动词不定式作宾语以不定式结构为宾语的动词有：ask,agree,care,choose,demand,decide,expect,fail,help,hope,learn,manage,offer,plan,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,want,wish等只能用动词不定式作宾语口诀(接不定式作宾语的动词)想要学习早打算(wantlearnplan)快准备有希望(preparehopewishexpect)同意否供选择(agreeofferchoose)决定了已答应(decidebedeterminedpromise)尽力去着手做(manageundertake)别拒绝别假装(refusepretend)失败不是属于你(fail)e.g.Tomrefusedtolendmehispen.Wehopetogettherebeforedark.Thegirldecidedtodoitherself._注意:某些及物动词可用-ing也可用动词不定式作宾语但意义不同的有stopgoonrememberforgetregrettrymeancanthelpbeusedto高二英语下册知识点归纳3Insteadofspendingyourvacationonabus,.youmaywanttotryhiking.Instead和instead0f的用法Say"Hi"/"Hello"/"Thanks"tosb.(forme)问候的句型Isanybodyseeingyouoff?进行时表将来Shestruggledandstruggled,andcouldnotgetonherfeet.(=keepstruggling)Youshouldnotgoraftingunlessyouknow.unless引导条件状语从句，相当于if.notBystayingat.,touristscanhelpthevillagersmakemoneysothattheycantakecareofthefiverandthebirds.目的状语从句