[英语学习]教学法教案.ppt

A Course in English Language Teaching 主编：王蔷主编：王蔷高等教育教育出版社高等教育教育出版社 About the Coursen nWhat What-a skill about how to teach and learn-a skill about how to teach and learn-a skill about how to communicate-a skill about how to communicate n nWhy Why-job,future,life-job,future,lifen nHowHow-textbook,internet,library,teacher,partner-textbook,internet,library,teacher,partner Class Content and Study Assessment n nClass hour 34H Class hour 34H n nClass content English language teaching theories,Class content English language teaching theories,skills and practice.skills and practice.n nClass form Lecture practice.Class form Lecture practice.n n Study assessment:Study assessment:1.1.formative assessmentformative assessment(attendance 10%(attendance 10%performance 10%class presentation 10%)performance 10%class presentation 10%)2.2.summative assessmentsummative assessment(final exam 70%).(final exam 70%).Other Activities Other Activities 1.1.To practice your blackboard writing between two To practice your blackboard writing between two classes.classes.2.2.To attend your tutors class once and fill in To attend your tutors class once and fill in attending classing form before the midterm.attending classing form before the midterm.3.3.Three homework about extra-curricular counseling Three homework about extra-curricular counseling including one extra-curricular activities designing,including one extra-curricular activities designing,one question-resolving plan,one student counseling one question-resolving plan,one student counseling record.record.4.4.To held a Try Training Simulation Competition at To held a Try Training Simulation Competition at the end of this semester.the end of this semester.5.5.Table of Contents n n Unit 1 Introduction 2H Unit 1 Introduction 2Hn n Unit 2 Communicative Language Teaching(CLT)and Task-Unit 2 Communicative Language Teaching(CLT)and Task-based Language Teaching(TBLT)4H based Language Teaching(TBLT)4Hn n Unit 3 Focus on Reading 4H Unit 3 Focus on Reading 4Hn n Unit 4 Focus on Listening 4H Unit 4 Focus on Listening 4Hn n Unit 5 Focus on Speaking 4H Unit 5 Focus on Speaking 4Hn n Unit 6 Focus on Writing 4H Unit 6 Focus on Writing 4Hn n Unit 7 Class Management 4H Unit 7 Class Management 4Hn n Unit 8 Special Skills and Techniques 4H Unit 8 Special Skills and Techniques 4Hn n Unit 9 Integrated skill 2H Unit 9 Integrated skill 2Hn n Unit 10-Review 2H Unit 10-Review 2H Allocation of Class Time n nShowing opinions about assignments 10s Showing opinions about assignments 10s n nSubtends presentations 15s Subtends presentations 15s n nTeachers lecture 40sTeachers lecture 40sn nStudents discussion 25sStudents discussion 25sUnit 1 Introduction1.Learning and Teaching English in China 1.Learning and Teaching English in China-In 1757 Qing government set up-In 1757 Qing government set up Russian Language Russian Language SchoolSchool in Beijing.In 1862 in Beijing.In 1862 Jing shi tong wen guanJing shi tong wen guan were set up based on the former one.It mainly taught were set up based on the former one.It mainly taught English,French,Japanese,Russian and so on.English,French,Japanese,Russian and so on.-In 1913 Sun Zhongshan proclaimed a teaching-In 1913 Sun Zhongshan proclaimed a teaching syllabus syllabus course criterion for middle schoolcourse criterion for middle school which which prescribed that foreign langue(especially English)prescribed that foreign langue(especially English)was a required course.was a required course.-In 1922 Nanjing government made English as a-In 1922 Nanjing government made English as a required course imitating the education system of required course imitating the education system of America and England till to new China.America and England till to new China.-From 1949 to 1964 Russian was as the predominant-From 1949 to 1964 Russian was as the predominant foreign language in both secondary schools and foreign language in both secondary schools and college.college.-From 1966 to1976 the Cultural Revolution-From 1966 to1976 the Cultural Revolution witnessed a much more decentralized situation of witnessed a much more decentralized situation of foreign language teaching in China.foreign language teaching in China.-Restoration(1978-1985):the syllabus which was-Restoration(1978-1985):the syllabus which was based on the audio-lingualism focused on the study of based on the audio-lingualism focused on the study of basic phonetics and grammar,as well as a certain basic phonetics and grammar,as well as a certain amount of words.Students should be able to read amount of words.Students should be able to read simplified reading materials on general topics with simplified reading materials on general topics with the help of dictionaries and were expected to develop the help of dictionaries and were expected to develop a preliminary ability in listening,speaking,writing a preliminary ability in listening,speaking,writing and translation.and translation.-Rapid development(1986-1992):the syllabus aims-Rapid development(1986-1992):the syllabus aims that English should not only focus on developing that English should not only focus on developing students knowledge about language,but also students knowledge about language,but also developing students cognitive ability,positive developing students cognitive ability,positive attitude,as well as personality.It was stated that attitude,as well as personality.It was stated that teaching should focus more on the use of the language teaching should focus more on the use of the language to improve the quality of learning.to improve the quality of learning.-Reform(1993-2000):it was in the 1993 syllabus that-Reform(1993-2000):it was in the 1993 syllabus that the word“communication”was used in the the word“communication”was used in the objectives of teaching for the first time.objectives of teaching for the first time.-Innovation(from 2000 to now):the Ministry of-Innovation(from 2000 to now):the Ministry of Education launched the national curriculum Education launched the national curriculum innovation project and four steps were taken to ensure innovation project and four steps were taken to ensure a smooth transition to the new national English a smooth transition to the new national English Curriculum in 2005which aims at making the English Curriculum in 2005which aims at making the English teaching as a whole education process form the teaching as a whole education process form the primary school to the university.primary school to the university.京师同文馆 俄文馆2.System of English Teaching Methodologies written language oral language written language oral language GTM GTM(grammar)(grammar)DM DM(speaking)(speaking)ALM ALM(speaking+listening)(speaking+listening)A VM A VM(speaking+listening+watching)(speaking+listening+watching)Note:Note:1)Language form:GTM DM ALM A VM 1)Language form:GTM DM ALM A VM 2)language function:CT TBLT 2)language function:CT TBLT 3)Other teaching methodologies 3)Other teaching methodologies Grammar Translation MethodGrammar Translation Methodn n The Grammar Translation Method:grammar method,reading The Grammar Translation Method:grammar method,reading method,classical method.method,classical method.n n Time and place:middle century in Europe.Time and place:middle century in Europe.n n Background:most scholars or officials wrote their works or Background:most scholars or officials wrote their works or documents with Latin and Greek officially during middle documents with Latin and Greek officially during middle century in Europe,so people need to learn Latin and Greek to century in Europe,so people need to learn Latin and Greek to read them.They analyzed language first then to learn the read them.They analyzed language first then to learn the grammar then translated target language words for words grammar then translated target language words for words sentence for sentence.They focused on the target and the sentence for sentence.They focused on the target and the mother language simultaneously.mother language simultaneously.n n Representative:Karl Plotz(1819-1881)Representative:Karl Plotz(1819-1881)n n Advantage:Advantage:n n clear,convenient,efficient,easy.clear,convenient,efficient,easy.n n Disadvantage:Disadvantage:n n dull,ignore the oral and listening skill.dull,ignore the oral and listening skill.Audio-Lingual Method n n Audio-Lingual Method Audio-Lingual Method:aural-oral method aural-oral method n n Time and place:during the second Word War in America.Time and place:during the second Word War in America.n n Background:with the second Word War breaking,America Background:with the second Word War breaking,America sent more soldiers to foreign countries to fight and they felt sent more soldiers to foreign countries to fight and they felt anxiously that the soldiers have to master the language of anxiously that the soldiers have to master the language of different countries.Therefore they set up many foreign different countries.Therefore they set up many foreign language learning center to train their soldiers to fit into the language learning center to train their soldiers to fit into the new surroundings of different nations.What they need then new surroundings of different nations.What they need then was speaking and listening.The main way was to practice with was speaking and listening.The main way was to practice with sentence structure.The aim of the training was very clear that sentence structure.The aim of the training was very clear that the soldiers can speak simple words or sentence with the the soldiers can speak simple words or sentence with the native people.In other words that application was the final native people.In other words that application was the final purpose of learning.purpose of learning.n n Representative:Leonard Bloomfield(1887-1949)Representative:Leonard Bloomfield(1887-1949)n n Advantage:Advantage:n n Training,speaking,listening,sentence structure Training,speaking,listening,sentence structure n n Disadvantage:Disadvantage:n n neglect grammar,exclude mother language neglect grammar,exclude mother language Direct Method n n The Direct Method:Natural method,psychological method,The Direct Method:Natural method,psychological method,oral method,reformed method oral method,reformed method n n Time and place:early 19 century in Europe.Time and place:early 19 century in Europe.n n Background:with the development of industry and science,Background:with the development of industry and science,people knew more about the learning process with psychology,people knew more about the learning process with psychology,on the other side,countries in Europe were all busy in on the other side,countries in Europe were all busy in exploiting the colonies and spreading the capitalistic exploiting the colonies and spreading the capitalistic civilization,so they have a new need for foreign language civilization,so they have a new need for foreign language learning in oral skill.They put forwards a slogan learning in oral skill.They put forwards a slogan learning learning language like a baby language like a baby.n n Representative:Wilhelm Viet or(1850-1918)Representative:Wilhelm Viet or(1850-1918)n n Advantage:Advantage:n n Oral,listening,nature,instrumental learning,Oral,listening,nature,instrumental learning,n n Disadvantage:Disadvantage:n n unilateral,exclude the native language,unilateral,exclude the native language,Audio-Visual Method n n Audio-Visual Method:situational method Audio-Visual Method:situational method n n Time and place:after the second Word War in France and Time and place:after the second Word War in France and Yugoslavia Yugoslavia.n n Background:after the second word war,audio-visual method Background:after the second word war,audio-visual method developed based on the ALM.However A VM emphasized on developed based on the ALM.However A VM emphasized on not only speaking,listening but also watching.As far as the not only speaking,listening but also watching.As far as the sentence structure as concern,A VM focused on the sentence sentence structure as concern,A VM focused on the sentence situation which made the possibility of the birth of CM.situation which made the possibility of the birth of CM.n n Advantage:Advantage:n n speaking,listening,watching,situational sentence drill,speaking,listening,watching,situational sentence drill,authentic situation.authentic situation.n n Disadvantage:Disadvantage:n n High demand for preparation,original occasion.High demand for preparation,original occasion.3)Other Teaching Methods 1.1.认知法认知法 2.2.整体动作反应法整体动作反应法 3.3.沉默法沉默法 4.4.暗示法暗示法 5.5.自然教学法自然教学法 6.6.机械反应法机械反应法 7.7.顾问辅导法顾问辅导法 8.8.信息认知法信息认知法 9.9.自觉对比法自觉对比法 10.10.自觉实践法自觉实践法 11.11.六步听写法六步听写法 12.12.四步连读法四步连读法 13.13.简笔画情景简笔画情景教学教学 14.14.结构情景交际教学法结构情景交际教学法 15.15.释放教学法释放教学法 16.16.密集式全浸入教学法密集式全浸入教学法 17.17.张思忠张思忠适当集中、反复循环、阅读原著、因材适当集中、反复循环、阅读原著、因材施教施教十六字教学法等十六字教学法等 Reviews ion 1.1.What are Grammar Translation MethodWhat are Grammar Translation Method Audio-Audio-Lingual Method Direct Method Audio-Visual Lingual Method Direct Method Audio-Visual Method?Could you show the feature of them?Method?Could you show the feature of them?2.2.Discussion 1.What is the best teaching methodology a teacher hat is the best teaching methodology a teacher could take in his or her class?could take in his or her class?Assignment 1.1.Get to know four main traditional teaching Get to know four main traditional teaching methodologies we learnt.methodologies we learnt.2.2.Question for after class to think:as a young teacher Question for after class to think:as a young teacher what is your attitude towards new teaching method?what is your attitude towards new teaching method?Will you take any new one in your class or just Will you take any new one in your class or just refuse it?refuse it?3.3.Two students to make performances in next class.Two students to make performances in next class.4.4.What is Communicative Language TeachingWhat is Communicative Language Teaching(交际交际教学法）教学法）Task-based Language TeachingTask-based Language Teaching（任务（任务型教学法）？型教学法）？A teacher affects eternity;he can never tell where his influence stops.(H.B.Adams,American historian)教师的影响是永恒的；无法估计他的影响会有多深远。(美国历史学家 亚当斯 H B)Unit 2 Communicative Principle and Task-Based Language Teachingn n Communicative Language Teaching:Communicative Language Teaching:functional approach,functional approach,notional approach,semantics-notional approach notional approach,semantics-notional approachn n Time and place:in the 1970s in Europe.Time and place:in the 1970s in Europe.n n Background:It was developed in Europe where the rapid Background:It was developed in Europe where the rapid increase in trade and business among European countries increase in trade and business among European countries required more face to face communication with higher level of required more face to face communication with higher level of speaking and listening skills.Later with the development of speaking and listening skil