2020-2021学年英语外研版选择性必修第四册单元综合检测 Unit 5.pdf

晨鸟教育 Earlybird 单元综合检测(五)(时间：100 分钟 满分：120 分).阅读理解(共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)A Putting a dinosaur skeleton(骨架)together is not easy.The skeletons are usually very incomplete.Many dinosaur fossils(化石)are discovered badly damaged.Bones are often found crushed(压 碎)or bent by the great weight of the dirt and rock above.Sometimes parts from different creatures are mixed together.This just adds to the confusion.Unfortunately，some scientists have not been careful enough in their descriptions of dinosaurs.They have told grand stories of how dinosaurs looked and behaved.All of these descriptions are based on guesswork the imaginations of people who have never seen a living dinosaur.Some scientists have made complete pictures of dinosaurs based on just a single bone or tooth or leg.Such pictures are based on many guesses and very little facts.The scientists ideas often turn out to be wrong when more facts are discovered.Dinosaur fossils are not found with labels attached showing what the animals looked like.That is why no pictures of dinosaurs are exactly right.Every dinosaur painting is sure to contain at least some wrong information.No artist in the twentieth century ever saw the living，breathing animalscomplete with skin，flesh，and color.For instance，imagine never having seen or heard of a peacock.One day you find the jumbled bones of it buffed in the ground.You try to put the bones together to form a skeleton.And then you try to draw a picture of what the animal looked like when it was alive.But bones cannot tell the whole story.Even if you are a very good artist，it would be a miracle if you drew a true picture of a peacock just from the bones and your imagination.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。由于恐龙化石被发现时是毁坏的，所以拼接恐龙骨架很难，而且科学家在描述恐龙时也是在仅有的几片化石上做猜想，经常被证明是错误的。晨鸟教育 Earlybird 1Which of the following is NOT a reason why putting a dinosaur skeleton together is difficult?ANo one has seen a living dinosaur.BDinosaur bones are too complicated when found.CDinosaur bones are crushed or bent when found.DDinosaur bones are mixed with other animals bones when found.B 细节理解题。根据第一段的内容可知，所发现的恐龙骨骼遭到了严重的破坏，或压碎或变形，有些还和其他动物的骨骼混合到一块，而且根据下文可知现代人谁也没见过活着的恐龙，所以 A、C、D 三项都是原因。故选B。2According to Paragraph 2，we can infer that Asome scientists are very careful in their descriptions of dinosaurs Bthe descriptions of dinosaurs contain some wrong information Csome scientists have made complete pictures of dinosaurs based on facts Dthe ideas of scientists are often proved wrong when more facts are discovered B 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“All of these descriptions are based on guesswork the imaginations of people who have never seen a living dinosaur.”可推知关于恐龙的描述是建立在人们的想象之上，因此这些描述含有错误信息。故选B。3Taking a peacock as an example，the author shows that Ait is easy to put the peacock bones together to form a skeleton Bit is not easy to put the peacock bones together to form a skeleton Ca very good artist can draw a good picture even if he has never seen a peacock Dit is impossible to draw a correct picture based on the bones and ones imagination D 细节理解题。根据文章最后一句话“Even if you are a very good artist，it would be a miracle if you drew a true picture of a peacock just from the bones and your imagination.”可知答案为 D。4What is the passage mainly about?AWhy it is difficult for scientists to find dinosaur fossils.BWhy scientists cant give exact description of dinosaurs.晨鸟教育 Earlybird CHow we can get right information about dinosaurs.DHow we can put a dinosaur skeleton together.B 主旨大意题。全文谈论了在没有任何人见过恐龙的情况下，要想准确地描述出来恐龙是什么样子的，这是非常困难的，所以 B 项内容是文章谈论的中心。B The sun is setting on a summer night.At the entrance to a deep，dark cave，a few bats fly out.Then more and more of the small，furry creatures appear.Within a few minutes，a whole river of bats is pouring out of the cave，and they keep coming，millions and millions of them.Sound like a scary horror movie?Believe it or not，this scene takes place every night，all summer long，at Bracken Cave in Texas，where 20 million bats fly outside to feed on insects.Every March or April，Mexican free tailed bats migrate up to 1，609 kilometers from their winter home places，like mines，tunnels，hollow trees，and under bridges in Mexico to this cave.Soon after they arrive，each mother gives birth to one baby bat.As many as 500 baby bats live crammed(挤)into one square foot of space，and those bodies create nice warm temperatures to keep them warm and comfortable.With bad sight，how can mother bats recognise their own babies?Their good sense of smell helps them the most.When the adult bats leave the cave at night to feed，they eat tons of insects in a single night，including many pests that eat farmers crops.And they get rid of mosquitoes，too.The cave，quiet in winter，is full of life all summer.The floor of the cave is covered with bugs.Gnats are flying around，and beetles are crawling up your leg when you walk in!When twenty million bats fly out of one cave opening，they make a column(柱)so thick that they show up on the radar at the nearby airport.So much for bats being scary!【语篇解读】每年夏天，成千上万只蝙蝠飞到德克萨斯州的一个洞穴繁衍生殖，生殖期结束大群蝙蝠飞出洞穴，出现在附近机场的雷达上空，场面壮观、可怕。5What is the purpose of the first paragraph?晨鸟教育 Earlybird ATo explain the living habits of bats.BTo describe what bats look like.CTo talk about a frightening scene of a film.DTo introduce the topic of the passage.D 推理判断题。第一段中描述了大群的蝙蝠从洞中飞出的壮观景象，是为了引出下文要谈到的主题。6Why do Mexican free-tailed bats fly to Bracken Cave in Texas?ATo escape from the cold of Mexico.BTo give birth and raise their young.CTo gather plenty of food for winter.DTo help farmers in Texas kill harmful insects.B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Soon after they arrive，each mother gives birth to one baby bat.”可知，蝙蝠夏天飞到德克萨斯州的一个岩洞是为了产下后代并抚育它们。7Which of the following senses helps mother bats recognise their babies?ATouch.BSight.CSmell.DTaste.C 细节理解题。根据第三段的末句“Their good sense of smell helps them the most.”可知，视力很差的蝙蝠是靠敏锐的嗅觉识别自己的孩子的。8According to the passage，we can learn that Athe bats living in the cave benefit the local farmers BMexican free tailed bats prevent other animals living in the cave Cthe large group of Mexican bats sometimes destroy the local radar Dcaves are the places where Mexican bats live all the year round A 推理判断题。根据第四段“.they eat tons of insects in a single night，including many pests that eat farmers crops.And they get rid of mosquitoes，too.”可知，晚上觅食的蝙蝠可以吃掉几吨的昆虫，包括许多害虫。另外，它们还吃蚊子。由此可推知，有益于当地的农民，故 A 正确。C As we all know，New Zealand is one of the worlds main island groups，extending 晨鸟教育 Earlybird 1，700 km across the South Pacific Ocean，midway between the Equator and the South Pole.The North Island and the South Island make up most of New Zealands 268，000 sq km，an area similar to that of the United Kingdom.New Zealand is a temperate，oceanic land，the antipodes(恰恰相反的事物)of Spain，Portugal and western France.It has a coastline 10，000 km long and no inland locality is more than 110 km from the sea.New Zealand is full of every kind of physiognomy(地形，地貌)，but is especially for the fact that about three quarters of the country lies more than 200 meters above sea level.Much of the North Islands shape has been created by volcanic activity.The country lies across the“mobile”belt of the earths crust which circles the Pacific Ocean.This represents the shape of the land by features all common to the New Zealand landscape volcanoes，hot springs，mountain chains and active fault lines.The centre of the North Island is crowned by mildly active volcanoes reaching a height of 2，797 m on Mount Ruapehu.New Zealands famous thermal(温泉的)region runs northeast from here，through the countrys largest lake，Taupo，and Rotorua to White Island in the Bay of Plenty.It is the centre point of the 500 km long Southern Alps，a wild region of spectacular alpine peaks，lakes and remote“sounds”Beyond the mountain areas lie extensive rolling down lands in regions such as South Canterbury in the south and Hawkes Bay in the north.【语篇解读】本文介绍了新西兰地理方面的信息。9The geographical location of the New Zealand is across Athe Indian Ocean Bthe North Pacific Ocean Cthe South Pacific Ocean Dthe Equator C 由题干可知本题问的是新西兰的地理位置。文章第一段提到：“New Zealand is one of the worlds main island groups，extending 1，700 km across the South Pacific Ocean，midway between the Equator and the South Pole”。故选 C。10The climate in New Zealand can be described as Amild and oceanic Bdry and cold Cdry and inland Ddry and oceanic 晨鸟教育 Earlybird A 本题是关于新西兰的气候。从第二段中的“New Zealand is a temperate，oceanic land”可知新西兰属于海洋性气候，气候温和，与 A 相符。因此可以排除B 和 C；D 项虽然有 oceanic(海洋性的)，但又提到 dry(干旱的)，与文章不符。11The physiognomy of New Zealand may include Alakes，hot springs，long rivers and plains Bvolcanoes，hot springs and mountain chains Cheights，mountain chains，lakes and plains Drivers，lakes and plains B 由题干中的 physiognomy 可定位到第三段。第三段提到“The country lies across the mobile belt of the earths crust which circles the Pacific Ocean.This represents the shape of the land by features all common to the New Zealand landscapevolcanoes，hot springs，mountain chains and active fault lines.”，与 B 相符。12From the passage we know that ANew Zealand has a very short coastline Bearthquakes have greatly influenced the North Islands shape Cvolcanic activities have greatly influenced the North Islands shape Dthe country lies across the“mobile”belt of the earths crust which circles the Atlantic Ocean C 由第三段第二句：“Much of the North Islands shape has been created by volcanic activity.”可知，答案为 C，同时排除 B。文章开始就提到新西兰是个岛国，因此其海岸线应该不短，所以 A 不可选；D 认为新西兰位于环大西洋的地层活动带上，而原文提到的是环太平洋，故 D 也不正确。D Come and discover the little big city in Switzerland.Its worth it to see the nicest sights.In fact，no matter what your idea of fun is，youll find it in Zurich.If it is your first stay in this city，you should start in the heart of Zurich，the historical romantic old part of a town.Here，youll have a wonderful time drinking and eating in a charming bistro where you can sit outside and enjoy the sun.If you like，you can climb aboard a lake cruiser for a 3 hour tour around the lake or just walk up to the border of the lake and feed the proud swans and cute ducks，which is 晨鸟教育 Earlybird the cheapest way to enjoy the lake.You will be absolutely amazed at the nice view over the lake of the high Alps covered with snow.Be sure to visit the beautiful mountain called House Mountain，which can give you the most unforgettable overview of Zurich.You can take a ride on the railway built in 1923 to the top where you can breathe the fresh mountain air.From the lookout tower，youll have a picturesque view of the lake，the city and the amazing Alps.Last，dont miss walking down the most famous shopping street，the Bahnhofstrasse，a distance of 1.4 kilometers.On both sides，youll find everything you need and of course，youll find the well known Swiss banks.Come to see us.Youll have an unforgettable stay in this little big city.You wont regret it.【语篇解读】本文推荐了瑞士的一座适合旅行的城市苏黎世以及其必去的景点。13 According to the passage，you may not have the chance of if you go to Switzerland.Agoing shopping on a famous shopping street Bvisiting the beautiful lake and mountain Cvisiting the romantic old part of a town Dmaking some traditional Swiss food in person D 细节理解题。根据文章的第二段可知在苏黎世你可以去 the historical romantic old part of a town；根据第三、四段可知你可以去观赏湖景和去山上俯瞰；根据第四段倒数第二句可知你可以在最有名的购物街上购物；而选项 D 在文章中未提及。14What does the underlined word“bistro”in Paragraph 2 probably refer to?AA bookstore.BA barbershop.CA small restaurant.DA shopping center.C 词义猜测题。根据句中的“youll have a wonderful time drinking and eating”可以判断 bistro 应该指的是小饭店。15The purpose of this passage is to Aintroduce some interesting places in Zurich 晨鸟教育 Earlybird Bencourage people to go to Zurich to have a visit Clet people know more about the history of Zurich Dtell people how to get fun when visiting Zurich B 作者意图题。根据文章的第一段和末段可以看出文章的目的是通过介绍苏黎世的景色，鼓励人们到那里去旅行。.阅读七选五(共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)How to Achieve a School Goal Every person wants to achieve the goals set at the beginning of a new school year.16 When it comes to choosing your goal，make sure that it states exactly what it is that you want to achieve.If your goal seems too big，divide it into simpler，easier tasks.Write down your goal.You can write it in a journal or write it on a sticky note.Writing keeps your memory fresh and helps you clear up the useless things in your brain.Try to keep a journal or a diary.Break your goal down.By breaking your goal up into manageable sections，it allows you to mentally make your way through the goal until the end of a year.17 Therefore youre far less likely to give up or dodge your goal by taking shortcuts or refusing to do anything.18 Turn off all distractions(使人分心的事物)like TV，the Internet，your phone and every other devices you have at home.Keep e mails，phone calls，texts，etc.to a minimum.Make it happen.19 Thinking is a useful start but thinking doesnt do the heavy work and thinking certainly wont move mountains.Go out every morning knowing what you need to do and then do it!Stay positive.Keep saying that you can do it.Stay motivated and be confident.Reward yourself.20 Every once in a while，if you complete a goal，treat yourself to an extra bar of chocolate or make time to read that book youve been wanting to read two months ago.ADont be too hard on yourself.BPut a brake(阻力)on distractions.CThis method makes it easier to handle.晨鸟教育 Earlybird DCarry out your goal as soon as possible.EIt is necessary to choose a proper way to finish the goals.FDont think to yourself that over time you will manage to do it.GChoose specific，realistic goals or even one single but very important goal.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章简要向读者介绍了完成学习目标的几种策略。16 G 此处填主旨句。根据下文“When it comes to choosing your goal，make sure that it states exactly what it is that you want to achieve.”及空后的关键词 choosing可知，空处表示要选择什么样的目标，故选 G 项(选择具体的、现实的目标，甚至一个单一的但是非常重要的目标)。17C 本段主要介绍分解目标，根据空后的“Therefore youre far less likely to give up or dodge your goal by taking shortcuts or refusing to do anything.”及关键词therefore 可知，空处应表示原因：分解目标这种方法使得它更容易处理，符合本段内容。所以应选 C 项。18B 从文章结构上可以看出，此空是主旨句，且与前几个要点并列，所以可推知此句为祈使句，同时根据本段中的“Turn off all distractions(使人分心的事物)”可知，此处选 B 项(停止分心)。19F 分析本段的主旨句“Make it happen.”以及空后的“Thinking is a useful start but thinking doesnt do the heavy work and thinking certainly wont move mountains.”可知，做事不能只是思考要让它发生，F 项中的“Dont think to yourself(不要只是想想)”与空后内容相符。故选 F。20A 由本段主旨句“Reward yourself.(奖励自己。)”及“if you complete a goal，treat yourself to an extra bar of chocolate or make time to read that book”可知，A 项“Dont be too hard on yourself.(不要对自己太苛刻。)”承接下文，且从反面论证此段主旨，符合语境，故选 A 项。.完形填空(共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)I will never forget，three years ago，that I had a job that almost destroyed me.My 21 was that I loved my job too much and couldnt get enough of it.Working for the President was better than any other 22 that Id ever had.In the morning，I couldnt 23 to get to the office.At night，I didnt want to leave.Part of my mind 24 at 晨鸟教育 Earlybird work even when I was at 25 with my kids at night.Not 26 ，all the other parts of my life shriveled(枯萎)into a dried raisin(葡萄干)I lost touch with my 27 ，as I saw little of my wife or my two sons.I lost contact with my old friends.I even began to lose contact with myself.Then one