内蒙古阿拉善盟第一中学2022-2023学年高三上学期期末考试英语 Word版无答案.docx

阿拉善盟第一中学2022s2023学年度高三年级第一学期期末考试英语试卷考生注意：1 .本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分120分，考试时间100分钟。2 .答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。3 .考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上 对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径0. 5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答 题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。4 .本卷命题范围：高考范围。第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。We did a quick survey of New Year traditions around the world, and couldn't help but notice that the traditions might reflect cultural varieties? but the meanings behind them are pretty universal.PhilippinesIn Philippines? families hold traditional dinner parties called Media Noche to greet the New Year. Circleshaped fruits are their favorites, such as grapes, oranges and melons, since they look like coins, you know. Filipinos actually try to choose 12 different kinds of fruit to put on the tableone fbr each month in the New Year.Make sure you leave some food in your plate. Ifs bad luck to start the New Year off as a hungry wolf.SpainMany Spaniards will eat 12 fresh grapes at midnight-one with each strike of the clock. Each grape represents a wish fbr happiness and good luck fbr every month in the coming year. This “12 grapes in 12 seconds" custom came from a grape farmer in the Alicante region who wanted to promote his produce about a century ago. The tradition has spread to other countries too? with a few adjustments. In Portugal? they eat 12 dried grapes. In Peru? they eat a thirteenth grape.DenmarkIn Denmark? they eat kransekage, a big horn-shaped cake, on New Year's Eve. When they're finished with the cake, it's Danish custom to throw the used plates against the front doors of their friends and neighbors. If s actually a sign of friendship.ItalyPork sausages are usually served on New Year's Eve in Italy. Italians choose pork because they think pigs are fat and keep moving forward, while other animals, such as chickens or cows, move backward or stand still.But whatever you eat into the New Year in Italy-pork, fish or chicken-make sure you stay at home. Italians throw old possessions out of the window after midnight as an out-with-the-old, make-room-for-the-new gesture. 1. How many kinds of fruit are usually served at Media Noche?A. 6.B. 8.C. 10.D. 12.2. Who eat dried grapes at midnight to greet the New Year?A. The Portuguese.B. Spaniards.C. Filipinos.D. Italians.3. What do the last two traditions have in common?A. Eating special meat.B. Throwing away old things.C. Leaving food in plates.D. Preferring coin-shaped fruits.BThere is a curious love triangle that sits at the center of the new documentary Fire of Love. It's between a man, a woman and a volcano. Well, all of them are volcanoes.Their names might not be especially well-known today, but in the 1970s and 80s, French scientists Katia Krafft and Maurice Krafft were very famous for their photographs and writings about the volcanoes. When they died in 1991 on Mount Unzen in Japan, their deaths were covered globally. But their story has somewhat faded in the public memory in the past three decades? though Werner Herzog did spotlight them in his 2016 documentary Into the Inferno.The Kraffis? who first bonded over Mount Etna and Mount Stromboli and were married in 1970, witnessed about 140 eruptions on every continent except Antarctica and won an Emmy fbr their National Geographic documentary Mountains of Fire. They would famously drop everything to get to an active volcano, and were often the first on site. They were also known for their willingness to get dangerously close.Filmmaker Sara Dosa once met the Kraffts while making an earlier film about Iceland many years ago. In 2020, with the help of Image' Est, a French museum, and Maurice Krafft s brother, Bertrand Krafft, Dosa and her team were able to get access to over 180 hours of footage shot by the Kraffts. So Dosa decided to make something about the Kraffts in the true spirit of the Kraffts.“We wanted to let them play themselves. We see them as the authors of their own story/6 Dosa said. "This is a co-creation, shot by them and starring them. We,re just stringing together the pieces of their life for the audience to connect with.However, Fire of Love is anything but a filmed Wikipedia（维基百科）page. Dosa and her team have drawn on the techniques of French New Wave films to help shape the style of their film, including playful multiple screens. 4. Where did Katia Krafft and Maurice Kraffi pass away?A. On Mount Etna.B. On Mount Stromboli.C. On Mount Unzen.D. On Mount Krakatoa.5. Why were the Kraffts considered as volcanoes?A. They were enthusiastic about studying volcanoes.B. They were well-known fbr their short-lived marriage.C. Their deaths were related to the biggest volcano.D. Their love story appeared in many volcano books.6. Who directed the film Fire of Love?A Bertrand Kraffi.B. Sara Dosa.C. Wemer Herzog.D. Katia Krafft.7. What is the text?A. A love story.B. A biography.C. A documentary.D. A film review.CHumans have long been trying to make sense of our place in the universe. Waiting at a launch site in French Guiana? NASA's James Webb Space Telescope is the latest step forward in that ancient quest （探索）.Using telescopes, astronomers have seen many galaxies （星系）such as the Andromeda Galaxy and the NGC 3227 Galaxy. So far, the most distant galaxy ever discovered, GN-zl 1，was spotted by the Hubble Space Telescope. To the untrained eye, it looks like a red blob （小点点）,but it's basically like looking back in time about 13.4 billion years ago. That's just about 0.4 billion years after the Big Bang.“Hubble is limited in how far back in time it can look, so finding this onewas just a lucky break J says Marusa Bradac, an astronomer at the University of California. "Astronomers only spotted it because decades of using Hubble have let them cover much of the sky, and this particular early galaxy is surprisingly bright although it is 25 times smaller than the Milky Way Galaxy and has just one percent of its mass.”Already, with that one galaxy, we've started to question some of our assumptions about how galaxies grow. The powerful, $ 10 billion James Webb Space Telescope has technology that should let it see back to 0.1 0.2 billion years after the Big Bang, the period when the very first galaxies possibly formed.“If all go well, the James Webb Space Telescope will help us to build up the story of how the first galaxies ever formed and how they grew into galaxies we see today and we live in today,“ says Bradac. "But the chances of seeing those first bom stars with the new telescope are small. There's maybe even more of a chance that we might see some of those stars explode. Such information can help us understand how galaxies formed and changed into the familiar shapes and structures seen today. Thafs whafs amazing about the new telescope. 8. When did the Big Bang take place?A. Around 13.0 billion years ago.B. Around 13.4 billion years ago.C. Around 13.6 billion years ago.D. Around 13.8 billion years ago.9. What does the underlined words “this one“ in paragraph 3 refer to?A. The Milky Way Galaxy.B. The GN-zl 1 Galaxy.C. The Andromeda Galaxy.D. The NGC 3227 Galaxy.10. What is the fourth paragraph mainly about?A. The great potential of the new telescope.B. The need for new scientific breakthroughs.C The cost of the James Webb Space Telescope.D. The importance of the Hubble Space Telescope.11. What can the new telescope most likely help scientists do according to Bradac?A. Find the first born star in the universe.B. Witness the occurring of the Big Bang.C. See the explosion of some of the first bom stars.D. Get a complete understanding of the universe.DBe it sugar or social media, the response in our brain is the same: It produces a “fbel-good" chemical called dopamine. It first brings about pleasure, but it doesn't last very long. It is then followed by pain so that we have to search fbr the pleasurable things again.“This cycle of pleasure and pain made sense in the time of early humans when we had to constantly search fbr our basic needs-fbod, water, shelter/ says Dr. Anna Lembke, a Stanford Medical School researcher. "But our brains weren't adjusted to put out the "fire of dopamine5 caused by pleasurable things that are so easily available in modem liffe.”In addition, when we're repeatedly exposed to pleasure-producing things, we're not able to take joy in the same rewards. Instead, we need stronger and stronger stimulus （刺激）just to feel good. Otherwise, the cycle will lead us to anxiety, depression and many other problems.“This is a universal problemnot one limited to those struggling with the disease of addiction. If we want to stay mentally healthy, we must rethink how to break the cycle in a dopamine-overloaded world J says Lembke.Her suggestions for the addicts?Take a 30-day break from anything that we rely on for pleasure. This doesn't mean going cold turkey forever. But this first month is key to breaking the pleasure-pain cycle and it's a lot easier to cut out an addictive behavior entirely at first. Then re-introduce the pleasurable things little by little, like just a few bites of ice cream at a time or just one hour online a night.Another strategy is to create physical distance between us and our addiction. That could mean just removing the addictive thing from our personal space. For someone who's addicted to video games, that could mean a separate laptop fbr work and one for play.“In a time of abundance, we have to strike a pleasure-pain balance, which means intentionally avoiding pleasure and seeking the kind of purposeful pain that keeps us healthy, such as exercise J Lembke says. "By doing so, we will reset reward pathways and eventually be a lot happier. Ws not easy, but it's well worth doing in the long term.12. What can we learn about dopamine from the text?A. It has always been harmful to humans.B. It gives us less joy fbr the same rewards.C. It can be caused by anything available.D. It can lead to a lasting good feeling.13. What do the underlined words “going cold turkey probably mean?A. Abandoning.B. Waiting.C. Cooking.D. Repeating.14. What does Dr. Anna Lembke suggest we do in the long term?A. Avoid pleasure in life.B. Set a strict limit on pleasurable things.C. Change reward pathways.D. Expose ourselves to repeated rewards.15. Which of the following is a suitable title fbr the text?A. Ways to Live With Dopamine in PeaceB. Tips on Getting Rid of Social Media AddictionC. Strategies for Making Most of the Modern LifeD. The Need to Strike a Pleasure-pain Balance第二节（共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。Over the past century, science has made lots of advances in understanding the meanings of body language. Here are some of the most useful findings.Open palm（手掌）Have you noticed how someone swears to tell the truth in a court of law? He usually puts one hand on a religious book and raises the other hand into the air, palm facing whoever he is speaking to. He does this because an open palm has been associated with truth and honesty throughout our history. 16. So we cannot be athreat to anyone.Finger pointingIf someone is closing their palm and pointing with their index finger, then he is trying to display power, though it doesn't always work out. Psychologists say, the pointed finger is used like a symbolic stick with which the speaker tries to beat his listeners. 7.Forced smileResearchers say, smile is all about the lines around the eyes. 18. If he is trying to force a smile, youwon't see the lines and the facial expression tends to be very awkward. Making a genuine smile-also known as a Duchenne smile-is nearly impossible to do on command. So look for a lack of lines around the eyes to detect a forced smile.19In the same way that real smiles shape the lines around the eyes, worry, shock or fear can cause people to raise their eyebrows in discomfort. So if someone praises your new hairstyle or clothes with his eyebrows raised, he or she may not be sincere.Crossed arms20 While crossed arms typically indicate that someone is closed off. people are also more likely to cross their arms when it's cold and when their chair doesn't have an annrest. Be aware of the environment before making a decision or changing strategy based on these types of behaviors.A. Lowered eyebrowsB. Raised eyebrowsC. When he is just pretending to smile, they don'tD. We also use this gesture to show that our hands are emptyE. When someone is smiling joyfully, a lot of lines will appearF. Therefore it usually leads to negative feelings in the audienceG. It's easy to detect body-language signs, but it's important to be aware of the context第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题;每小题L5分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最 佳选项。Our church has a way of helping those who have financial difficulties without making them feel shame or guilt. It just puts the donated money in a(n) 21 without the giver's name. The envelope is then sent to the 22 mailbox.There came a time when my husband and I were among those in need of help. We did not 23 our financial problem with our children since we did not want to 24 them with a problem they could do nothing to solve. 25 they knew it because they were 26 that we had to cut back on many necessary things.Our situations kept 27. Just as we reached the 28 point, we found a gift envelope in ourmailbox. We were extremely 29 for the help and kept 30 who had given us such a generous gift.A year later, our 17-year-old son had to 3 a student loan so he could attend university. It was then we discovered that his 32 was almost empty. His father and I were very 33 because we had trusted him to put part of his34 from his part-time job into the bank fbr his 35. From the timehe was nine years old he had been a paper carrier for a local newspaper, and he had 36 very hard. I asked him 37 where the money had gone. At first, he 38 to tell me. But I would not let himalone. Finally, my son 39 that the year before he had put his savings in the envelope to help his40 and me.21 . A. book22 A. banker'sB. envelopeB. manager'sC. boxC. receiver's23. A. discussB. dealC. teach24. A. provideB. pleaseC. meetD. officeD. borrower'sD. seeD. burden25. A. SoB. OrC. ButD. And26. A. awareB. gladC. optimisticD. lucky27. A. improvingB. worseningC.changingD. developing28. A. balancingB. cuttingC. startingD. breaking29. A. gratefulB. sadC. kindD.angry30. A. announcingB. helpingC. hopingD. wondering31. A. pay backB. apply forC. turn downD. give up32. A. roomB. schoolbagC.accountD. note33. A. disturbedB. relievedC. excitedD. delighted34. A. effortsB. savingsC. talentD. energy35. A. foodB. houseC. educa