天津市河东区2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语Word版解析.docx

河东区2021-2022学年度高二第一学期期末质量检测英语试卷注意事项：1 .本试卷共100分，考试时间90分钟。2 .请将答案填写在答题纸上。I.听力理解（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）第一节听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What is the man doing?A. Enjoying a party. B. Asking for advice. C. Buying a gift.2. Where are probably the speakers?A. In the office. B. In the bookstore. C. In the classroom.3. How does the woman sound?A. Relieved. B. Curious. C. Nervous.4. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. Vegetables. B. An accident.C. A person.5. When will the woman come back?A. Next Tuesday. B. Next Thursday. C. Next Friday.第二节听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出 最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒 钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8小题。6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Father and daughter. B. Husband and wife. C. Colleagues.7. Where will the man go first in the afternoon?A. To a school. B. To the woman's company. C. To a restaurant.8. How will Sara get to the craft store?A. By bus. B. On foot. C. By car.听下面一段对话，回答第9至第H小题。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随后，Melly在推特上发布了这则温暖人心的故事，希望这位神秘女子圣诞快 乐,并感谢她的来信。A. strong强壮的;B. energetic精力充沛的；C.mysterious神秘的;D.curious好奇的。 根据第段 “A depressed grandmother in Durham, England, has been surprised since receiving a mysterious greeting card.（英国达勒姆市一位抑郁的老奶奶，在收到一张神秘的贺卡后感到非常惊讶）”以及第三段第 一句 “Not much has ever come from the elderly woman's daily life, 5 she received an unexpectedholiday card in her 6（这位老妇人从日常生活中获得的东西并不多，直到她在邮箱里意外地收到了一张节日贺卡）”可知，奶奶意外地收到这张神秘贺卡，说明寄卡人身份不明，mysterious（神秘的）符合 语境；故选C项。27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她整天坐在靠窗的椅子上，只是看着外面，通常感到寂寞，因为我们都在白天 工作。A. lies 躺卧；B.lays 安放；C. sleeps 睡觉；D. sits 坐。根据第二段中 uEvery day without 3,the grandmother sits by the window at her home so she can 4 at passers-by.（每天， 奶奶都会坐在她家的窗户边，这样她就可以向路人挥手了）”可知，奶奶每天坐在窗前。故选D项。28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她整天坐在靠窗的椅子上，只是看着外面，通常感到寂寞，因为我们都在白 天工作。A. lonely寂寞的；B. homeless无家可归的；C lucky幸运的；D. amazed惊奇的。根据该句中“as we all work during the day,可知，家人白天都工作了，奶奶一个人在家，很寂寞。故选A项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们今天去看她的时候，有人已经通过信箱寄了这封信。A. published出版；B. called打电话；C. showed展示;D. posted邮递。根据本句中的uthrough the letter box”可知，神秘女子用 邮递的方式寄来的的卡片，posted（邮寄）符合语境。故选D项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：自从这个故事被发布在互联网上，它已经被分享了数千次。A. believed相信； B. submitted 提交；C. shared 分享；D. told 告诉。根据上文 uMelly later published the 10 storyon Twitter so she could wish thewoman a Merry Christmas and thank her for the note. （Melly 在 推特上发布了这则温暖人心的故事，希望这位神秘女子圣诞快乐，并感谢她的来信）”以及下文“Notonly that, but Twitter users filled Melly's mailbox with pictures of their 16 since she also mentioned17 her grandmother loves animals.（不仅如止匕，因为Melly提到她的祖母多么喜欢动物，推特用户们就在她的邮箱里塞满了他们宠物的照片）”，可推知推特网友很热心，不但分享照片，更会分享这样温馨的故 事。shared（分享）符合语境。故选C项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：不仅如此，因为Melly提到她的祖母多么喜欢动物，推特用户们就在她的邮箱 里塞满了他们宠物的照片。A. children孩子；B.pets宠物；C.granddaughters孙女；D. flowers花。本句中 提及奶奶喜欢动物，故网友分项宠物的照片，pets（宠物）符合语境。故选B项。【32题详解】 考查名词性从句的连接词词义辨析。句意：不仅如此，因为Melly提到她的祖母多么喜欢动物，推特用户 们就在她的邮箱里塞满了他们宠物的照片。A. why为什么；B. whether是否；C.when何时；D.how多么。 本句中提及网友分享自家的宠物照片给Melly,是因为奶奶对动物极其喜爱，看照片以舒缓奶奶的寂寞抑 郁。how（多么）表程度，符合语境。故选D项。【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:她最近很沮丧,觉得不开心。A. depressed抑郁的；B.astonished吃惊的;C. content 满足的；D. delighted 高兴的。根据第一段 “A depressed grandmother in Durham, England, has been surprised since receiving a mysterious greeting card.（英国达勒姆市一位抑郁的老奶奶，在收到一张神秘的贺 卡后感到非常惊讶）”可知，最近奶奶很沮丧。故选A项。【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我无法用语言来表达这件事对她的影响有多大！ A. taught教；B. worried担心;C. influenced 影响；D. forgot 忘记。根据第一段 “A depressed grandmother in Durham, England, has been surprised since receiving a mysterious greeting card.（英国达勒姆市一位抑郁的老奶奶，在收到一张神秘的贺 卡后感至U非常惊讶）”，以及 u She 12 in her chair by the window all day, every dayjust lookingoutside and normally feeling 13 as we all work during the day.（她整天坐在靠窗的椅子上，只是看着外面，通常感到寂寞，因为我们都在白天工作）”，以及下文“She's 20eaten for weeks because she's been so down and fve just made her a sandwich and she's happily enjoying it.（她已经好几个星期没吃东西了，因为她情绪低落；我刚给她做了个三明治，她吃得很开心）”可知，这个寂寞又抑郁的奶奶对 收到神秘礼物很惊讶，这事对她产生了情绪的影响。故选C项。【35题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：她已经好几个星期没吃东西了，因为她情绪低落；我刚给她做了个三明治，她 吃得很开心。A. never决不；B.barely几乎没有；C.continuously连续不断地；D.gradually逐渐地。根据后 半句中 u Tve just made her a sandwich and she's happily enjoying it ” 可知，情绪好 了 之后,奶奶开始享用食 物，前面阶段奶奶情绪不好，没吃什么东西，barely（几乎没有）符合语境。故选B项。IV.阅读理解（共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AEnjoy your stay in LouisianaPlan you triptothe Sheraton Newreans Hotel.Weertravera well-placed downtown locations variety of facilities,and accommodation in New Orleans,Louisiana.*TRANSPORTATIONAirport ShuttleFee: 24 USD per person one way and 48 USD round tripTel: （877） 592-2226; reservation （预定）requiredUnited CabFee: 40-50 USD, depending on the number of guests and luggageTel: （504）522-9771BROOMSGuest Room32 Square MetersEach of our Guest Rooms reflects a contemporary, warm style and classic New Orleans charm. Located on floors 9-41, many of our rooms offer views of the Mississippi River and French Quarter. High-speed Internet access is available for a fee.Sheraton Club Room32 Square MetersOur Sheraton Club Rooms are located on floors 42 and 45-49 and include access to the Club Lounge on the 42nd floor, where you can take in spectacular views of the Mississippi River and French Quarter. Sheraton Club Room guests also enjoy free bottled water and comfortable bathrobes （浴袍），High-speed Internet access is available for a fee.* AT THIS HOTELRoux BistroWhile many of the world's finest restaurants are located just outside of doors, you are guaranteed an extraordinary breakfast or lunch without having to leave the hotel. Using only the freshest local ingredients, our talented chefs （主厨）create an original experience second to none in a city famous for dining.Cuisine （菜品）：LocalHours of operation: Daily: 6:30 am-2:00 pmAtmosphere: Breakfast & LunchOutdoor PoolOur outdoor pool is located on the 8th floor. The pool is open as weather permits. No lifeguard （救生员）is on duty. Seasonal offering includes a full food menu and bar service Friday 一 Sunday from 11 am - 6 pm as weather permits.36. Which floor is the Club Lounge located on?A.The 9th floor.B.The 42nd floor.C. The 45th floor.D.The 49th floor.37. What do Club Room guests need to pay an extra fee for?A.Bathrobes.B.Breakfast.C. Bottled water.D.Internet access.38. What service can the Roux Bistro provide guest with?A. Fresh, local food.B. Cuisines from around the world.C. Afternoon cocktails.D. A whole-day dining experience.【3638题答案】【答案】36.B37. D 38. A【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文，主要介绍了游客在Louisiana可以享受到的服务和娱乐项目。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据文章介绍 Sheraton Club Room 这一段中“Our Sheraton Club Rooms are located on floors 42 and 45-49 and include access to the Club Lounge on the 42nd floor,"（我们的喜来登俱乐部客房位于 42 层和 45-49层，可通往42层的俱乐部酒廊，）可知，俱乐部酒廊在42楼。故选B项。【37题详解】细节理解题。根据文章介绍 Sheraton Club Room 这一段中“Sheraton Club Room guests also enjoy free bottled water and comfortable bathrobes （浴袍），High-speed Internet access is available for a fbe."（喜来登俱乐部客房 客人还可享受免费的瓶装水和舒适的浴袍，并可免费使用高速互联网。）可知，互联网接入是收费的，故 选D项。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据文章对于Roux Bistro的介绍这一段中“Using only the freshest local ingredients"（只使用当 地最新鲜的食材）以及“Cuisine （菜品）:Local”,可知，Roux小酒馆能为客人提供新鲜的当地食物，故选A 项。BCreated in the 1920s by Sir Giles Gilbert Scott, the architect who designed the red public telephone boxes, which can be seen all over the UK, are regarded as one of the most typical symbols of this country.However, public phones have had their day despite their lovely appearance. While coin-operated and card-operated telephones are on the edge of extinction （灭绝），mobile phones are playing a significant role in people's lives. Though they are more portable, flexible and widely used, mobile phones have their kryptonite: battery life. Instead of destroying the phone booths, a project was then promoted to recycle and reuse them. To meet the environment-friendly need, people are allowed to rent or use the red phone boxes in a new way. Therefore, they are making an unusual comeback.When you take a walk down Tottenham Court Road in London and find your mobile phone in a low-battery condition, there happens to be a green option for you. The abandoned phone booths are being reused as free charging stations powered by solar energy.Inside the booths, which are newly painted green, there are various adaptors （适酉己器）that can be connected to different brands and models of mobile phones. Just walk in, plug your phone in, and charge it up whenever it needs power. Most people would stay inside the boxes while they charge. Fully aware of this when starting the project, Solarbox can now reach a large number of people by displaying ads on solid equipment （实体设备）. Its advertisers include well-known companies like Uber.Apart from changing phone booths into solar-powered charging stations, other forms of changes can be found in and outside the UK. For example, there is medical equipment or minilibraries adapted from phone booths, while in America, thousands of phone booths have been transformed into wi-fi hot spots.39. What does the underlined word “kryptonite“ in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Interest.B. Strength.C. Weakness.D. Feature.40. What is an important factor that makes Solarbox start the project?A. New function.B. Advertising profit.C. People's love.D. Companies9 support.41. What does the author think of the transformed phone boxes?A. Useless.C. Costly.42. What is the text mainly about?A. The future of the public phone.C. The rise and fall of the red boxes.【3942题答案】【答案】39. C 40. B 41. D 42. BB. Troublesome.D. Convenient.B. The comeback of the phone boxes.D. The ups and downs of the payphone.【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国的红色公用电话亭是这个国家的典型象征，但如今已经 过时，为了环保，人们如今将快要被废弃的电话亭重新改造成可以免费充电的太阳能充电站等。【39题详解】词义猜测题。根据文章第二段划线词前半句 uThough they are more portable, flexible and extensively used（尽 管手机更便携、更灵活、使用范围更广）”中的“Though”可知，此处表示转折，尽管手机更便携、更灵活、 使用范围更广，但它也有缺点。所以kryptonite为“缺点”之意。故选C。【40题详解】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段 “ Since most people would stay inside the boxes while they charge, Solarbox, the company which launched the project, can reach a large quantity of audience by displaying ads on solid equipment4由于大多数人在充电时都会呆在亭子里，启动该项目的Solarbox公司可以通过在固态设备上展 示广告来吸引大量观众）”可知，Solarbox启动该项目的根本因素是广告利润。故选B。41题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段 u Instead of trashing the phone booths, a project was then promoted to recycle and reuse them. To be consistent with the environment-friendly preference, people are allowed to rent and repurpose the red phone boxes.（于是，一个回收和再利用电话亭的项目得到了推广，而不是把电话亭弄得乱七八糟。为了 符合环保的偏好，人们可以租用红色电话亭并重新调整其用途）”以及通读全文可知，作者认为这个电话 亭是有多种好处的，是方便的。故选D。【42题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第二段"Therefore, they are making an unusual comeback.（Hltk,它们正以一种不同寻 常的方式复兴）“和最后一段“Apart from converting phone booths into solar-powered charging stations, other forms of transformation can be found in and outside the UK.（除了将电话亭改造成太阳能充电站外，在英国国 内外还可以找到其他形式的改造）”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了英国的红色公用电话亭是这个国家的典 型象征，但如今已经过时，为了环保，人们如今将快要被废弃的电话亭重新改造成可以免费充电的太阳能 充电站等。所以这篇文章主要讲了电话亭的复兴。故选B。CImagine you're standing in line to buy an after-school snack at a store. You step up to the counter （柜台）and the cashier scans your food. Next, you have to pay. But instead of scanning a QR code （二维码）with your smartphone, you just hold out your hand so the cashier can scan your fingerprint. Or, a camera scans your face, your eyes or even your ear.Now, this type of technology might not be far away. As technology companies move away from the traditional password, biometric security （生物识另U技术），which includes fingerprint, face and voice ID, isbecoming increasingly popular.But despite its popularity, experts warn that biometrics might not be as safe as we'd imagined.When introducing the new iPhone's Face ID feature at Apple's Keynote Event, Phil Schiller, Apple's senior vice president, said, "The chance that a random （随机的）person in the population could look at your iPhone X and unlock it with their face is about one in aBut it's already been done. In a video posted on community website Reddit, two brothers showed how they were each able to unlock the same iPhone X using their own face. And they aren't even twins.“We may expect too much from biometrics,Anil Jain, a computer science professor, told CBS News. "No security systems are perfect.”Earlier this year, Jain found a way to trick biometric security. Using a printed copy of a thumbprint, she was able to unlock a dead person's smartphone for police, according to tech website Splinter.“It's good to see biometrics being used more J Jain told CBS News, "because it adds another factor for security. But using multiple （多种的）security measures is the best defense （保障）43. Whafs a major problem of the iPhone X's Face ID system?A. It often fails to recognize its owner's face.B. Different faces could be used to unlock the same phone.C. Face data could be used for other purposes.D. It takes too long to unlock the phone.44. What does Anil Jain think of biometric security?A. It is perfect enough.B. It has caused much trouble for police.C. It's more secure than traditional measures.D. It should be used with other security measures.45. The author wrote this article mainly to.A. describe the popularity of biometricsB. show how biometrics has changed our livesC. point out various problems with biometricsD. discuss the security problems of biometrics【4345题答案】【答案】43. B 44. D 45. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了生物识别技术的流行和它带来的安全问题。【43题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中 “The chance that a random （随机的）person in the population could look at your iPhone X and unlock it with their face is about one in a million.（随便一个人看到你的 iPhone X,然后用自己的 脸解锁的几率约为百万分之一）”和第四段“In a video posted on community website Reddit, two brothers showed how they were each able to unlock the same iPhone X using their own face. And they aren't even twins.（在 社区网站Reddit上发布的一段视频中，两兄弟展示了他们如何用自己的脸解锁相同的iPhoneXo他们甚至 不是双胞胎）”可知，iPhone X的面部识别系统面临的主要问题是不同的面孔可以用来解锁同一部手机。 故选B项。44题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段 Anil Jain 的话 “But using multiple （多种的）security measures is the best defense （保障）.（但是使用多种安全措施是最好的防御）”可知，Anil Jain可知，生物识别技术应该与其他安全措施 一起使用。故选D项。【45题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，结合第三段 “But despite its popularity, experts warn that biometrics might not be as safe as weM imagined.（尽管生物识别技术很受欢迎，但专家警告称，它可能并不像我们想象的那样安全）” 可知，文章介绍了生物识别技术的流行和它带来的安全问题，所以D项“讨论生物识别技术的安全问题” 是作者写这篇文章的目的。故选D项。V.阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读短文，并根据短文内容回答问题。Recently, I experienced a wonderful lesson in how little things still mean a lot. My brother, mother and I live in Hawaii. Our farm is at least a dozen miles from even the most basic of services. Therefore, I take weekly trips to the shop to get supplies. About a month ago, I finished loading up the car and was about to leave the parking lot, when a piece of paper on the ground caught my eye.It was a receipt （收据）from the State Motor Vehicle Division, recording the owner's payment of her Vehicle's Registration fees. At first I thought that I could find the owner. So I waited there for about an hour. I looked over