湖南省部分学校高三上学期期初英语试卷汇编阅读理解专题.docx

湖南省部分学校2022-2023学年高三上学期期初英语试卷汇编阅读理解专题湖南省长沙市明达中学2022-2023学年高三上学期入学考试英语试题(解析版) 一、阅读理解School Uniform Design ContestWe are excited to announce a School Uniform Design Contest! With the upcoming TetraWizard Tournament, one of the little questions is what the school uniforms look like at the visiting schools. For around two, we will be designing uniforms for Durmstrang Institute, hidden away in northern Scandinavia!Requirement: Red is an important color for the school and should be featured.Consider: . uniforms for boys and girls, any marker fbr discipline?The Movie: You are not required to consider the school uniform depicted in the movies as the standard, but you may be inspired by that design if you wish! We're leaving it up to the members to decide how close (if close at all) we'd like to mimic the movie design.Format: Any format is acceptable! Here are some suggestions.A detailed written descriptionHand-drawn artPhotographs or a collection of imagesEntries: You may work in teams if you wish, and multiple entries per writer are permitted.The deadline is October 27, 2021.Please submit your entries to the Absit Omen Curator account.As soon as the entries are in, we'll vote! The most popular result will become the official uniform for Durmstang. We'd love to be able to post the new uniform online.1. What do we know about the contest?A. It focuses on sports.B. It refers to the TetraWizard Tournament.C. It involves skills in clothes designing.D. It requires participants to wear uniforms.2. What should the uniforms mentioned in the contest be like?A. They are for girls especially.B. They should feature red.C. They look quite different from those in the movies.D. They should be easily distinguished by their markers.3. What is the requirement for participants?A. They can work in groups.B. They should submit only one entry.C. They can submit after October 27, 202l.D. They should avoid photographs in their submission.A Writing FoolA. They are located in urban regions.B. They are places with ocean views.C. They are accessible to sand and water.D. They are a good escape from urban life.Academically, I was an average B+ student, shy and awkward. In my personal life, there was no one to encourage me to pursue my talent, nor acknowledgement that I even had a talent. Luckily, Miss Judge, my English teacher, introduced me to literature that initially inspired me to write. It was she that saw the potential in me that I didn't even know existed.Miss Judge was a kind and lovely person. She first recommended me some classic works, like To Kill a Mockingbird, Of Mice and Men and Greek Mythology. Then came The Horror, the one sparking my love of fantasy and magic and everything supernatural, which will always remain on my bookshelf.Once in class, we were assigned to write a scene inspired by Hamlet, the play we were reading. Excited about the chance to write, I worked extra hard on it. After I handed it in, Miss Judge was really impressed and asked if she could read it to the whole class. I refused. Even today, I still regret that decision. At the time, I felt like everyone would think I was deliberately trying to impress them by rubbing my great story in their face.In my senior year, Miss Judge asked us to write journal entries, which she would read. I was still nervous about others reading my writing. To break from that fear, I decided to just be funny. My journal was filled with my humorous observations, kind of like what you see on the blog today. And she loved them, saying I had a natural talent as a writer. Nothing was more fulfilling. So, I kept writing. She wrote me many encouraging notes, pushing me to pursue a career as a writer. I still have those notes, hoping that next time she hears my name, it's because I'd have won the Pulitzer Prize.4. Which book may be the author's favorite?A. To Kill a Mockingbird. The Horror.C. Greek Mythology). Hamlet,5. Why was the author unwilling to have her writing read publicly?A. She was afraid to lose face.B. She didn't think it good enough.C. She didn*t want to be considered a show-off.D. She hated to read aloud before the whole class.6. Which of the following best describes Miss Judge?A. Inspiring.B. Leamed.C. Creative.D. Humorous.7. What message does the author mainly want to convey in the text?A. Hard work will pay off in no time.B. Writing opens up the door of success.C. Students should read as much as possible.D. Recognition and encouragement make a difference.When romantic partners argue over things like finances, jealousy, or other interpersonal issues, they tend to employ their current feelings as fuel for a heated argument. But thinking about the future helps overcome relationship conflicts, according to a University of Waterloo study just published online in Social Psychological and Personality Science. Alex Huynh, a doctoral candidate in psychology is the lead author of the study, which he published with Igor Grossmann from the University of Waterloo, and Daniel Yang from Yale University.Previous research has shown that third-perspective reasoning can be a positive strategy for reconciliation（调解）of interpersonal struggles. Huynh and his collaborators investigated whether similar benefit can be induced by simply thinking about the future. Study participants were instructed to reflect on a recent conflict with a romantic partner or a close friend. One group of participants were then asked to describe how they would feel about the conflict one year in the future, while another group was asked to describe how they feel in the present.The team examined participants9 written responses through a text-analysis program for their use of pronouns - such as I, me, she, he. These choices of pronouns were used to capture participants, focus on the feelings and behaviour of those involved in the conflict. Written responses were also examined fbr forgiveness and reinterpreting the conflict more positively, both of which implied the participants9 use of reasoning strategies.The researchers found that envisioning future relationship affected both participants5 focus on their feelings, and their reasoning strategies. As a result, participants reported more positivity about their relationship altogether, especially when study participants extended their thinking about the relationship a year into the future.“Our study demonstrates that adopting a fiiture-oriented perspective in the context of a relationship conflict 一 reflecting on how one might feel a year from now - may be a valuable coping tool fbr one's psychological happiness and relationship well-being J said Huynh.8. What do romantic partners do in face of most disagreements?A. They lose faith in their future.B. They focus on their present feelings.C. They look forward to a fierce conflict.D. They care more about financial problems.9. What does the underlined word “induced“ in Paragraph 2 most probably mean?A. Caused.B. Explained.C. Reduced.D. Improved.10. What do we know about the study?A. All the study participants described how they felt both in the present and in the future.B. Study participants described their recent relationship with their romance partners or friends.C. A text-analysis program was employed to examine participants9 use of negative words.D. The reasoning strategies in participants, written responses were well worthy of note.11. What can be the best title of the text?A. You have a year to solve your interpersonal problems!B. Thinking about future is essential for relationship maintenance!C. Your current feelings are the real cause of your heated arguments!D. Beneficial reasoning is a positive strategy for reconciliation!The term “Metaverse“ is the latest buzzword （流行语）to capture the tech industry's imagination - so much so that one of the best-known internet platforms is rebranding to signal is embrace of the futuristic idea.Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg's announcement that he's changing his company's name to Meta Platforms Inc. might be the biggest thing to happen to the metaverse since science fiction writer Neal Stephenson coined the term fbr his 1992 novel “Snow Crash”. But Zuckerberg and his team are hardly the only tech visionaries with ideas on how the metaverse, which will employ a mix of virtual reality and other technologies, should take shape.What is the metaverse? Zuckerberg has described it as a "virtual environment you can go inside of instead of just looking at on a screen. Essentially, it's a world of endless, interconnected virtual communities where people can meet, work and play, using virtual reality headsets and glasses, smartphone or other devices. The metaverse also could be a game -changer for the work-from-home shift amid the coronavirus pandemic. Instead of seeing co-workers on a video call, employees could join them in a virtual office.Zuckerberg's embrace of the metaverse in some ways contradicts a central tenet （彳言条）of its biggest enthusiasts. They envision the metaverse as online culture's liberation from tech platforms like Facebook that assumed ownership of people's accounts, photos, posts and traded off what they collected from that data. "We want to be able to move around the internet with ease, but we also want to be able to move around the/Internet in a way we're not tracked and monitored/1 said Steve Jang, who focuses on cryptocurrency （数字货 币）technology. There is a growing concern about Facebook trying to lead the way into a virtual world that could require even more personal data and offer greater potential fbr abuse and misinformation when it hasn't fixed those problems in its current platforms.12. Why is Zuckerberg changing the name of his company?A. Because he plans to quit his present business.B. Because he has founded the metaverse. C. Because he will engage in the metaverse.D. Because he wants to draw public attention. 13. What can be inferred about the central belief of Metaverse fans?A. Users should be responsible for their personal data.B. Cryptocurrency technology should be monitored.C. Tech platforms should possess users' data.D. The Metaverse should be tracked. 14. What can people do in the Metaverse?A. Do everything in the real world.B. Have meetings in the virtual office.C. Defeat the pandemic.D. See co-workers on a video-call.15 . What do some people think of Zuckerberg5 s decision?A. Facebook will gain people's trust.B. Facebook will make the internet a better world.C. Facebook may not abuse information.D. Facebook may not play a good leading role.湖南省长沙市第一中学2022-2023学年高三上学期入学考试英语试题 第一节 （共11小题；每小题2.5分，满分27.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AJames Dyson is the inventor of the cyclone（气旋）Dyson vacuum cleaner that completely transformed the way vacuum cleaners are designed. Traditional vacuum cleaners would suck up air and dust using a fan and then the dust was filtered by the pores（气孑L） in the bag. The dust stayed in the bag and the air escaped. The problem with that design was that the pores in the bag very quickly get blocked with the dust, the air couldn't escape and so the sucking power and cleaning efficiency drops.Dyson's cyclone technology doesn't use any bags at all. Air is sucked into a plastic cone-shaped object. The dust is separated from the air thanks to centrifugal forces（离心力）.The dust falls to the bottom and is collected in a tray and pure air escapes. No blocking, no loss of suction and no smells.It took him 15 years of his life and over 5,000 prototypes working in his garage to come up with a working model! Completing the design of the cyclone cleaner was just the start of Dyson's incredible story. You would think that the manufacturers of traditional cleaners would have been eager to do a deal with Dyson in order to license his superior product. 一 Wrong!From their short-sighted perspective, they didn't want to pay Dyson licensing fees for his invention because that would reduce their net profit. In their opinion, they could just carry on with their inferior product and continue making their massive profits. They refused to do business with Dyson, certain that his invention would go away without their investment.Most people would have just given up there. Not Dyson. He made the decision to start his own manufacturing company and to beat them at their own game. In 1993, he set up a factory in the UK to produce the Dyson Dual Cyclone and then started advertising it directly to the British public using TV ads with the slogan “Say goodbye to the bag”. It was a huge success and went on to outsell cleaners made by the very same manufacturers that had rejected him. Sweet revenge.21. What is the major difference between Dyson's product and other vacuum cleaners?A. It uses fewer bags. B. It produces less noise.C. It allows for the free flow of air. D. It sucks up air and dust using a fan.22. Why didn't the manufacturers cooperate with Dyson?A. Because the public were not interested in his ads.B. Because Dyson had already set up his own company.C. Because they believed his product was less profitable.D. Because they thought their existing products were superior.23. What qualities contributed to Dyson's success?A. Teamwork spirit and generosity. B. Commitment and persistence.C. Integrity and kindness. D. Punctuality and creativity.BMusic makes life better in many ways. The fact that music can make a difficult task more tolerable may be why students often choose to listen to it while doing their homework. But is listening to music the smart choice for students who want to optimize their learning? A new study suggests that for some students, listening to music is a wise strategy, but fbr others, it isn't The effect of music on cognitive（认知的）functioning appears to depend partly on your personality specifically, on your need for external stimulation.Researchers not only assessed listeners, personality but also changed the difficulty of the task and the complexity of the music. Participants first completed a personality test used to determine the need for external stimulation. They then engaged in an easy cognitive task （searching for the letter A in lists of words） and a more challenging one （remembering word pairs）. Participants finished both tasks under one of two sound conditions: （1） no music, （2） with music.The data suggest that for those with a high need of external stimulation, on the simple task of finding A's, such subjects' scores fbr the music condition were significantly worse than those fbr the silent condition. On the complex task of learning word pairs, their performance was worse whenever music was played. For those with a low need of external stimulation, however, on the simple task of findings A's, such participants' scores for the music condition were dramatically better than those for the silent condition. On the complex task of learning word