2022-2023学年湖南省多所学校高一上学期第一次考试英语试题（解析版）.docx

高一英语试卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂 到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分75分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选 项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅 读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A.£ 19.15.答案是C。1 .What will the speakers do next?A. Go for a walk.2 .What does the man want to do?A. Watch TV.B.£9.18.B. Have some coffee.B. Change the curtain.3. Where docs the conversation probably take place?A. In the supermarket.B. In the post office.4. What is the probable relationship between (he speakers?A. Co-workers.B. Salesman and customer.5. When will the man attend a meeting tomorrow?A. At 9:00 am.B. At 10:00 am.C.£9.15.C. Carry the heavy luggage.C. Enjoy the sunshine.C. In the street.C. Boss and secretary.C. At 11:00 am.第二节（共15小题;每小题L5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. What arc the speakers going to do tonight?C. Enjoy a concert.C. On foot.A. Visit friends.B. See a movie.7. How will the speakers probably go there?A. By car.B. By bus.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. Who could the woman be?A. The man's wife.9. Where was the wallet found?A. In the restroom.B.A policewoman.B. At the counter.C.A customer.C.On the table.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. Why does the man look pale?A. He got sick.wildfires and other pressures and fewer new trees are filling the blank.（加州山上和空地上的树木正因野火和其他压力而死亡填补空白的新树越来越少）”可知，本文主要讲述野火导致加利福尼亚的树木数量 下降。故选D项。第二节（共5小题海小题2.5分，满分125分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。Many people want to know more about ways to be kinder, more caring neighbors. 16 they are also helpful （o the parents and adults in the room.Get to know your neighbors17. Get out of your comfort zone and make an effort to learn their names and what they do for work.And if you feel comfortable, let them know that you're there to help, if they ever need another hand. Or it's truly as simple as saying hello, introducing yourself and asking an open-ended question.Make small kind gestures a daily practiceAnother way to take care of your neighborhood, and to show your neighbors that you care, is by making small acts of kindness a daily practice. 18 Use （he skills and resources available to you. Remember, every small gesture counts.Remind yourself that being connected feels goodIt can feel so easy to just go home, close your door and turn on the TV without having to make small talk. However, connecting with others is worth the effort. Reaching out to new people can actually make you happy in the long run. And if you take the first step, your small acts of kindness can encourage others to pay that kindness forward 1920Encouraging your kids to get out there and engage with（与接触）your neighbors is important, but it isn'talways easy to balance this with conversations on safety and the socalled stranger danger. One way to fight against this stranger danger outlook is by rcachingout of your comfort zone and engaging with different people in your neighborhood alongside your kids.A. Meet and engage with different peopleB. Thal action will make even more people feel goodC. While many of these tips below are for young peopleD. If you look for persons with the same interests and passionE. Neighbors are of great benefit to all the people in the communityF. Getting to know your neighbors is the first step to becoming a kind neighborG. This can be cleaning up litter or even cleaning up after the pels on your block【答案】16.C17. F 18. G 19. B 20. A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何成为好邻居给出了4个建议。【16题详解】上文 uMany people want to know more about ways to be kinder, more caring neighbors.（许多人想知道如何成为 更善良、更有爱心的邻居）”提到很多人想知道如何成为好邻居，结合下文“they are also helpful t。the parents and adults in the room佗们对家里的父母和成年人也很有帮助）”可知，空处应是提及成为好邻居的 方法，指出they的具体指代对象，C项“虽然下面的许多建议是针对年轻人的”和空后“但它们也适用于 父母和成年人”语义衔接。故选C项。【17题详解】根据本段小标题“Gett。know your neighbors（了解你的邻居）”可知，本段主要讲述先了解你的邻居，F项 “了解你的邻居是成为一个好邻居的第一步”和小标题内容呼应。故选F项。【18题详解】上文 u Another way to take care of your neighborhood, and to show your neighbors that you care, is by making small acts of kindness a daily practice.（另一种照顾你的邻居，表示关心的方式是每天做一些小小的善举）”可 知，可以每天做一些小的善举来表达对邻居的关心，G项“这可以是清理垃圾，甚至是替你家附近的宠物 清理善后”具体列举善举的内容，与上文语义衔接。故选G项。【19题详解】上文 “And if you take the first step, your small acts of kindness can encourage others to pay that kindness forward.（如果你迈出了第一步，你的小善举可以鼓励别人将这种善举传递下去）”提到善举的积极作用，B 项”这样做甚至会让更多的人感觉良好”也是讲述其积极作用，与上文语义衔接。故选B项。【20题详解】空处是小标题，根据本段中“Encouraging your kids to get out there and engage wilh（与接触）yourneighbors is imporlanl（鼓励你的孩子走出去，和你的邻居接触是很重要的）”以及“One way lo fighl againsl this stranger danger outlook is by reach ingout of your comfort zone and engaging with different people in your neighborhood alongside your kids.（对抗这种陌生人危险观点的一种方法是走出你的舒适区，与你的孩子和你 的邻居不同的人接触）”可知，本段主要讲述去接触不同的人，A项“与不同的人接触”符合语境。故选A 项。第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I remember, when I was growing up, that my mom would tell me stories about the kind acts my dad had done. One day, my dad met a close, long time friend of his in the doowntown area. They talked for a while and his friend 21 that he didn't have money for 22 home. My dad gave him the 23 money he had, which was for his own train, so he just 24 home.I al so 25 these kind acts in our home. Dad would let me and my two younger brothers eat first but he would eat after us. He would 26 whatever was 27 on the table. I remember the days when his older brother would sometimes come to our house and 28 money for his kid's allowance（零花钱）in school and my dad would give him some. And when it was our time to ask for allowance he would tell us that he had no more money and we should ask our mom.Dad was a 29 man and even after his death, there were many people who told me kind 30 that my dad had done for them, like 31 them food. He even 32 to help someone fix his roof and buy him a water pump when he had the money.In my 33 life. I never met a man like my dad. For me, he was the kindest, most selfless man on Earth. He would always give34 when he could and he gave il with a（n）35 heart.21. A. introducedB. mentionedC. recommendedD. debated22. A. experimentB. drinkC. foodD. train23. A. onlyB. veryC. sameD. little24. A. bikedB. walkedC. droveD. flew25. A. designedB. exploredC. noticedD. received26. A. registerB. eatC. protectD. use27. A. leftB. impressedC. scheduledD. showed28. A. apply toB. care aboutC. ask forD. focus on29. A. confidentB. silentC. kindD. funny30. A. thingsB. goalsC. stylesD. debates31. A. throwingB. sellingC. returningD. giving32. A. pretendedB. forgotC. promisedD. advised33. A. shortB. awkwardC. fortunateD. whole34. A. helpB. moneyC. solutionD. topic35. A. coldB. sincereC. curiousD. anxious【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. B 27. A 28.C 29. C 30. A 31.D 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了爸爸对家人的爱和无私帮助他人的故事。21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们聊了一会儿，他的朋友提到他没有钱坐火车回家。A. introduced介绍：B. mentioned 提到；C. recommended 推荐;D. debated 辩论。根据 “They talked for a while.（他们聊了 一会儿。” 和第2题的分析可知，聊天中爸爸的朋友提到自己没有钱坐火车回家了。故选B项。【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们聊了一会儿，他的朋友提到他没有钱坐火车回家。A. experiment实验；B. drink 饮料；C. food 食物;D. train 火车。根据"My dad gave him the.money he had, which was fbr his own train.（我爸把他的钱给了他，爸爸的钱是用于买自己的火车票的。）”可知，爸爸的朋友没有钱坐火车回家 了。故选D项。【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我爸爸把他仅有的钱给了他，那是他自己买火车的钱，所以他就走路I可家了。A. only唯一的，仅有的；B.very正是的，恰好的；C.samc相同的；D.littlc幼小的，少的。根据“which wasforhisowntrain （爸爸的钱是用于买自己的火车票的。）”可知，这是爸爸仅有的用于买火车票的钱。故 选A项。【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我爸爸把他仅有的钱给了他，那是他自己买火车的钱，所以他就走路回家了。A. biked 骑行车；B. walked 散步，步行；C. drove 驾车；D. flew 匕行。根据"My dad gave him the only money he had, which was for his own train.（我爸爸把他仅有的钱给了朋友,那是爸爸自己买火车票的钱。）”可知， 爸爸只能走着回家了。故选B项。【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我也注意到在我们家这些善良的行为。A. designed设计；B. explored探索;C. noticed 注意到;D. received 收到。根据“Dad would let me and my two younger brothers eat first but he would eat after us.（爸爸会让我和两个弟弟先吃，但他会在我们之后吃。）”可知，“我”发现了日常生活中爸爸 那些善意的行为。故选C项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:桌上剩下什么他就吃什么。A. register登记；B. eat吃;C. protect保护；D. use使用。根据“he would eat afterus （他会在我们之后吃）”可知，“我们”吃完饭后，父亲才吃。故选B项。27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：桌上剩下什么他就吃什么。A. left离开，剩余；B. impressed使钦佩；C. scheduled 安排，预定；D. showed展现。根据“he would cat after us （他会在我们之后吃）”可知，父亲在“我们”吃 完饭后才吃，因此他吃的是剩下的东西。故选A项。【28题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我记得他的哥哥有时会到我们家来要他在学校的孩子的零用钱，我爸爸会给他一 些。A. apply to 申请；B. care about 关心；C. ask for 请求,要求得到；D. focus on 关注。根据"my dad would give him some （我爸爸会给他一些）”可知，爸爸的哥哥有时会来家里向爸爸要钱。故选C项。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：爸爸是一个善良的人，即使在他去世后，还有很多人告诉我爸爸为他们做过的 好事,比如给他们食物。A.confident自信的：B.silent沉默的;C.kind善良的;D.funny有趣的。根据“my mom would tell me stories about （he kind acts my dad had done （我妈妈会给我讲我爸爸做过的善事）”和 “I also notice （hese kind acts in our home （我也注意到在我们家这些善良的行为。）”可知,爸爸是一个善良的 人,故选C项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：爸爸是一个善良的人，即使在他去世后，还有很多人告诉我爸爸为他们做过的好 事，比如给他们食物。A. things事情；B. goals目标；C. styles风格；D. debates辩论。根据“help someone fix his roof and buy him a waler pump when he had the money （在有钱的时候帮别人修屋顶，给他买一台水 泵。）”可知，爸爸为他人做过很多好事。故选A项。31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：爸爸是一个善良的人，即使在他去世后，还有很多人告诉我爸爸为他们做过的好 事，比如给他们食物。A. throwing扔掉;B. selling出售；C. returning返回;D. giving给予。根据“there were many people who told me kind things that my dad had done for them （还有很多人告诉我爸爸为他们做过 的好事）”可知，该处是在举例子说明父亲为别人做的好事，即给予别人食物。故选D项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他甚至答应在有钱的时候帮别人修屋顶，给他买一台水泵。A. pretended假装； B. forgot 忘记；C. promised 承诺；D. advised 建议。根据"help someone fix his roof and buy him a water pump when he had the money （在有钱的时候帮别人修屋顶，给他买一台水泵）”可知，这是父亲为别人做出的一 种承诺，只要他有钱，他就愿意帮助别人。故选C项。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我这辈子从没见过像我爸这样的男人。A.shorl短的；B. awkward尴尬的；C. fortunate幸运的；D. whole全:部的。根据“I never met a man like my dad.(我从没见过像我爸这样的男人。)” 可知，这是“我”对爸爸的的评价，时间跨度应该是自己的一生。故选D项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他能够提供帮助时，他总是给予帮助，而且他是怀着一颗真诚的心给予帮助的。A. help 帮助;B. money 钱；C. solution 办法;D. topic 话题。根据"help someone fix his roof (帮别人修理 屋顶)”可知，父亲给予别人的不仅是钱还有其他方面的帮助，因此应该选择help。故选A项。35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他能够提供帮助时，他总是给予帮助，而且他是怀着一颗真诚的心给予帮助 的。A. cold 寒冷的;B. sincere 真诚的；C. curious 好奇的;D. anxious 焦虑的。根据 <4even after his death, there were many people who told me kind things that my dad had done for them (即使在他死后,还有很多人告诉我我 的爸爸为他们做的好事)”可知，从别人的评价中可以看得出父亲对别人的帮助是出于内心的，是一种真诚 的帮助。故选B项。第二节(共10小题;每小题L5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当 单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The 2021 China (Qufii) International Confucius Cultural Festival (孔子文化节)and the 7th Nishan Forum on World Civilizations was held in Oufu. 36 county-level city in Jining, East China's Shandong Province, from Sept. 27 (o 28.Foreign journalists 37 (represent) over 10 foreign media from countries such as Italy, Brazil, Pakistan and Portugal went on a “Charming Shandong'' trip to the city 38 (experience) traditional Confucian culture.This year's cultural festival fbcuscs on the 39 (celebrate) of the 2, 572nd anniversary of the birth of Confucius, a famous ancient Chinese philosopher and educator. The ConfuciusTcmnic, 40 is located in Qufu, the birthplace of Confucius, held a memorial ceremony on Sept.28.The media group visited the Confucius Temple, the Confucius Cemetery and the Confucius Family Mansion on Sept. 27. It was the first time that so many foreign journalists 41 (visit) Qufu.“The cultural atmosphere, the scenic spots I visited, and even every tree and grass here are amazing and 42 (iinpress)/" one visitor said, adding that he is a big fan and student of Chinese culture, and the trip allowed him to learn about Chinese history, culture and stories connected 43 Confucius.The Temple and Cemetery of Confucius and the Kong Family Mansion were built in 478 BC in memory of Confucius. The three Confucius sites in Oufu. 44 (add) to UNESCO's World Heritage list in December 1994, have kept 45(they) artistic and historic characteristics (特色).37. representing【答案】36. a38. to experience39. celebration40. which 41. had visited42. impressive43. with 44. added45 . their【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是9月27日至28日，2021年中国（曲阜）国际孔子文化节暨第 七届尼山世界文明论坛在山东省济宁市曲阜举行。【36题详解】考查冠词。句意：9月27 口至28日，2021年中国（曲阜）国际孔子文化节暨第七届尼山世界文明论坛在 山东省济宁市曲阜举行。city是可数名词，表泛指，county-level是辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a,故 填a。【37题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：来自意大利、巴西、巴基斯坦、葡萄牙等十余家外国媒体的外国记者来到山东， 体验传统的儒家文化。句中谓语是went,空格处用非谓语动词，journalists和represent之间是主谓关系， 因此空格处用现在分词表主动，故填representingo【38题详解】考查不定式。句意：来自意大利、巴西、巴基斯坦、葡萄牙等十余家外国媒体的外国记者来到山东，体验 传统的儒家文化。根据语境可知，空格处用不定式表目的，故填to experience。【39题详解】考查名词。句意：今年的文化节主要是为了纪念中国古代著名哲学家、教育家孔子诞辰2572周年。空格 处用名词作宾语,celebrate 的名词是 celebration,由 u the 2,572nd anniversaryof the birth of Confucius w可 知，空格处用单数，故填celebration。【40题详解】考查定语从句。句意：位于孔子诞生地曲阜的孔子庙于9月28 口举行了纪念仪式。分析可知，空格处引 导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词TheConfuciusTemple是物，因此空格处用关系代词 which,故填 whicho41题详解】考查时态。句意：这是笫一次有这么多外国记者来到曲阜。It was the first time【hat sb. had done sth.是固定 句型，意为“这是某人第一次做某事”，因此空格处用过去完成时had visited,故填had visiled。42题详解】考查形容词。句意：一名游客说：“这里的文化氛围、我参观的景点，甚至每一棵树和每一棵草都令人惊 叹和印象深刻。”他补充说，他是中国文化的忠实粉丝和学生，这次旅行让他了解了中国的历史、文化和 与孔子有关的故事。空格处用形容词作表语，impress的形容词是impressive,意为“令人印象深刻的”， 故填 impressiveo【43题详解】考查介词。句意：一名游客说：“这里的文化氛围、我参观的景点，甚至每一棵树和每一棵草都令人惊叹 和印象深刻。”他补充说，他是中国文化的忠实粉丝和学生，这次旅行让他了解了中国的历史、文化和与 孔子有关的故事。be connected with是固定短语，意为“和有关”，因此空格处是介词with,故填 witho【44题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：曲阜三处孔子遗址于1994年12月被联合国教科文组织列入世界遗产名录， 保留了其艺术和历史特色。句中谓语是have kept,空格处用非谓语动词，Confucius sites和add之间是逻 辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，故填added。45题详解】考查物主代词。句意：曲阜三处孔子遗址于1994年12月被联合国教科文组织列入世界遗产名录，保 留了其艺术和历史特色。根据语境可知，句子表示“曲阜三处孔子遗址保留了它们的艺术和历史特色”， 空格处意为“它们的"，用形容词性物主代词iheir作定语，修饰名词短语“arlislic and historic characteristics « 故填heir。第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46 .假定你是李华，你的外国朋友David和他最好的朋友因为一件小事发生了争吵而导致关系破裂。现在他 很后悔，不想失去这个好友。请你给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：1 .给予安慰：2 .给出建议。注意：1 .写作词数应为80左右；2 .请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Dear David,I'm sorry to know that your best friend and you broke up over a small thing, fbr which you feel regret.All the best.YoursLi Hua【答案】Dear David,I'm sorry to know that your best friend and you broke up over a small thing, for which you feel regret. I understand quite well (hat you are upset and have a strong will to recover your friendship.I recommend that you take the first step actively. It is not unusual for teenagers of our age to have disagreements. But don't let them affect your relationship unless they are very important. So, I think you should be the first to reach out the hand of friendship because it depends on you to be the icebreaker of you two. I am sure he will be more than glad to accept you from the bottom of heart.All the best.Yours,Li Hua 【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给和朋友吵了架而关系破裂的外国朋友David写电子邮件， 内容包括：1.给予安慰；2.给出建议。【详解】1.词汇积累：意愿:will>wish建议：recommendsuggest影响：affect>impact肯定的：sure>ccrtain2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：It is not unusual for teenagers of our age to have disagreements.拓展句：It is not unusual that teenagers of our age have disagreements.【点睛】高分句型 1 I understand quite well that you are upset and have a strong will to recover your friendship.