2022-2023学年浙江省宁波市九校高二上学期期末英语试卷（含解析）.docx

20222023学年浙江省宁波市九校高二（上）期末英语试卷题号*四五总分得分注意事项：1 .答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2 .回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用 橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。3 .考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第I卷（选择题）一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）A阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。36.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。When it finally opened in February 2022, Dubai's new Museum of the Future was already one of the city's favorite (build) .And how could it not be? For six years, residents and visitors alike had watched curiously every step of the construction process of this shimmering silver landmark (2)(locate) on Dubai's main highway, Sheikh Zayed Road.The geometric skeleton really began to take shape when the calligraphy-covered metal plates (add) .Once in place, a team of workers abseiled down the curved sides (4) a daily basis, drawing gazes and phone cameras, with everyone wondering just exactly (5) they were doing.Upon opening, Dubai*s ruler Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum declared the 77-meter-high stainless steel torus nthe most beautiful building in the world, ” (6) Architectural Digest called it ”instant (and highly Instagrammable) icon.”“I knew it could be designed because it's (8) ( basic) like an egg, and an egg is a very strong form, ” the designer Killa says, adding that throughout the ages, (start) with the Pyramids in Giza and the Pantheon in Rome, many of the world's greatest buildings were at the limits of the technology of their day.And with all the boundary-pushing technological advancements used by Killa to bring the building to life, the Museum of the Future (10) ( bring) the future of architecture to life in the Dubai of today.(1)五、书面表达(本大题共2小题，共40.0分)37 .假定你是校英文报主编李华，学校80周年校庆将至，该报拟开设校庆专栏，向全校同 学征集稿件。请你写一封征稿启事，内容包括：(1)稿件要求(2)投稿方式、时间注意：(1)词数为80词左右。(2)可适当加入细节，使内容充实，行文连贯。Contributions WantedSchool English Newspaper38 .阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。When Marco was a boy, he tried everything to get his father's love and attention.He worked hard to earn exceptional marks； he tried to be obedient, he chose inspiring friends and always tried to behave well.However, it felt to Marco that his father had little time for him.Except for his demands around chores after school, communication was nonexistent.lt seemed to Marco the only time his dad ever spoke to him was to be demanding or critical.Marco sank further into his low self-esteem and was overwhelmed with feeling unappreciated, inadequate and depressed.One day his father, already tired after a long day, tripped over Marco's bike in the garage.The angry quarrel that followed left Marco feeling grieved.lt seemed no matter how hard he tried he could never do anything right.In despair Marco blurted out, "That's it!Its enough!HFor two days, Marco felt so miserable.All he could think of was wanting to leave this enormous pain, those overwhelming feelings of rejection and unworthiness.Two days later, his aunt called him.To Marco, this seemed like a miracle.Aunt Ginette usually only called once a year, on his birthday.She said she had just seen some young teenagers participate in a public speaking contest called Gala Personnalite sponsored by Club Optimiste-and she thought about him.She thought he should give it a try.She told him she firmly believed he could perform on stage like the other kids, since she had seen him perform for the family at Christmas.Marco was startled, and not a little taken aback.Him? Onstage? In a public speaking contest? To agree would be contrary to his entire shy, timid personality.But Aunt Ginette was so confident.She seemed really serious.She was sure it was something he could do.She truly believed in him. 注意：(1)所续写短文的词数应为150左右；(2)续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。Paragraph 1：Feeling her strong belief, Marco agreed to enter the contest.Paragraph 2：Four months later, the big night arrived.答案和解析13.【答案】A、C、B【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段中的We are looking for clear takeaway for our readers： What can they learn to improve their writing or advance theircareers? What specific how-to tips and strategies will accomplishthis?（我们正在为我们的读者寻找明确的收获：他们可以学习什么来提高他们的写作或推进他们的职业生涯？有什么具体的方法和策略可以做到这一点？）可知作家杂志 为写作生涯提供切实可行的建议，故选A。（2）细节理解题。根据第三段 In addition to a fleshed-out outline of your story idea and an estimated word count, queries should include a brief description of yourbackground（除了对你的故事构思进行详尽的概述和估计的字数外，提问还应该包括对你的背景的简要描述。）可知在发送查询信时，参与者必须包括简短的自我介绍，故选 Co（3）主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了杂志作家，并且主要介绍了读者投稿的指南。 因此B项Submission guidelines （投稿指南）概括文意，故选B。本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了杂志作家，并且主要介绍了读者投稿的指南。1 .直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2 .间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进 行转换。3 .综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落 在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。47.【答案】B、C、A、D【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段 McDonald's is partnering with the White House to promote vaccination （疫苗接种）information on its coffee cups as hesitancy grows about taking the potentially life-savingshot.（麦当劳正与白宫合作，在其咖啡杯上推广疫苗接种信息，因为人们对接种这种可 能挽救生命的疫苗越来越犹豫不决。）麦当劳要重新设计Me咖啡杯是为了鼓励人们接种疫苗。 故选B。（2）细节理解题。根据第三段 The promotion will last several weeks and the slogan will be printed on roughly 50 million cups.Prior to that, McDonald's said its billboard in New York's Times Square location will also display vaccine information beginning in mid-May. nWe all want to protect ourselves and our loved ones and be together with our communities again, “ said Genna Gent, McDonald's USA vice president for global public policy and government relations.（宣传活动将持续数周,口 号将印在大约 5000万个杯子上。在此之前，麦当劳表示，它在纽约时代广场的广告牌也将从5月中旬开始显示 疫苗信息。麦当劳美国分公司负责全球公共政策和政府关系的副总裁根特（GennaGent）说：“我 们都想保护自己和我们所爱的人，再次与我们的社区团结在一起。”）可推知，麦当劳为了公共卫 生的安全做出了积极地努力。故选C。（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段 In a Kaiser Family Foundation survey, 47% of people who say they want to nwait and seen before being vaccinated said paid time off to get it would make them more likely to do so, and 39% said a financial allowance of $ 200 from their employer would work.（在 Kaiser 家 庭基金会的一项调查中，47%的人说他们想在接种疫苗之前“等等看"，而带薪休假会让他们更有 可能（接种疫苗）；39%的人说雇主给他们200美元的经济补贴会起作用。）可知，关于疫苗接 种率可以推断出雇主可以发挥重要作用。故选A。（4）文章出处题。通读全文，结合第一段 McDonalds is partnering with the White House to promote vaccination （疫苗接种）information on its coffee cups as hesitancy grows about taking the potentially life-saving shot.（麦当劳正与白宫合作，在其咖啡杯上推广疫苗接种信息，因为人们对接种这种可 能挽救生命的疫苗越来越犹豫不决。）可知，麦当劳正在与白宫合作，在其咖啡杯上推广疫苗接 种信息，通过此种行为，鼓励人们去接种疫苗。因而文章属于新闻报道，所以文章最有可能在报 纸上看到。故选D。这是一篇新闻报道。麦当劳正在与白宫合作，在其咖啡杯上推广疫苗接种信息，通过此种行为， 鼓励人们去接种疫苗。阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对 未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事 例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。811 .【答案】A、D、B、C解析(1)细节理解题。根据第二段 Classic symptoms of the SARS-CoV-2 initial variant (变体) included fever, a cough, body aches and pains, shortness of breath and a loss of taste and smell-without a stuffy nose. （SARS-CoV-2初始变体的经典症状包括发烧、咳嗽、身体疼痛、呼吸短促以及味觉 和嗅觉丧失一但没有鼻塞。）可知，SARS-CoV-2变体没有鼻塞症；第二段It* often associated with symptoms of a common cold, like a stuffy or runny nose and sore throat.（它通常与普通感冒的症状有 关，比如鼻塞或流鼻涕和喉咙痛。）可知，Delta变体有鼻塞症状，所以二者的区别在于鼻塞。故 选Ao（2）推理判断题。根据第三段 that's because the COVID virus can infect the taste buds.（这是因为新 冠病毒可以感染味蕾。）和 But that ability is wiped out with COVID.There*s no taste at all.（但这种 能力在新冠中消失了，一点味道都没有了。）可知，新冠病毒可以感染味蕾，造成味觉的完全消 失，这是它的典型特征。故选D。（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段 If you're fully vaccinated against COVID and you have a known history of allergies, then a stuffy nose without any other symptoms is likely allergies.If you're not vaccinated, we are less sure.（如果你完全接种了新冠疫苗，并且有已知的过敏史，那么没有任何其他症状的鼻 塞可能是过敏。如果你没有接种疫苗，我们就不太确定了。）可知，这是用了假设的方式。But anyone who's had a potential exposure to someone with COVID should be monitored closely.（但任彳可与新冠患 者有潜在接触的人都应该密切监测。）可知，这是用了推理的方式。所以最后一段是以假设和推 理的方式展开的。故选B。（4）标题归纳题。根据第一段A stuffy nose is usually nothing to worry about.（鼻塞通常没什么好 担心的。）第二段 Actually, COVID-19 might cause a stuffy nose in some cases.（事实上，新冠病毒 在某些情况下可能会导致鼻塞。）可知，本文主要讲述的是新冠病毒引起的鼻塞和相关症状，以 及与其它原因引起的鼻塞之间的区分。C.StuffyNoseandCOVID-19.（鼻塞和新冠肺炎。）适合做 本文标题，故选C。本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了鼻塞是一种常见现象，文章讲述了因新冠病毒和德尔塔变体而引 起的鼻塞和相关症状，以及与其它原因所造成的鼻塞之间的区别。做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语 句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。1215.【答案】B、D、C、D【解析】（1） B.主旨大意题。根据第一段内容A new study combining linguistic,genetic and archaeological evidence has traced the origins of the famil y of languages including modern Japanese,Korean,Turkish and Mongolian and the people who speak the m to millet （粟）farmers who inhabited a region in northeastern China about 9, 000 years ago.（项 结合语言学、遗传学和考古学证据的新研究追溯了现代日语、韩语、土耳其语和蒙古语等语言家 族的起源，以及与居住在中国东北地区约9000年前的黍农民说这些语言的人。）可知，这项新研 究主要是关于一支大语族的古代起源。故选B。（2） D.细节理解题。根据第三段第一句话The findings illustrate how humankind's embrace of agriculture following the Ice Age powered the move ments of some of the world's major language families.（研究结果说明了人类在冰河时代之后对农业 的接受如何推动了世界上一些主要语系的运动。）可知，是农业推动了世界主要语系的发展。故 选D。（3） C.推理判断题。根据第六段Accepting that the roots of one's language,culture or people lie beyond the present national boundaries is a kind of surrender of identity,which some people are not yet prepared to make （接受一个人的语言、 文化或民族的根源超出目前的国界是一种身份的放弃，有些人还没有准备好。）可知，他认为承 认自己的语言，文化或祖先来自境外，是一种身份的屈服，有些人接受不了。分析选项可知 C.Those with a strong sense of nationalism.（强烈的民族主义者）比较符合这个群体画像。故选C。（4） D.推理判断题。根据最后一段The origins of modem Chinese languages arose independently,though in a similar fashion （现代汉语的 起源以类似的方式独立出现。）可知，最后一段主要讲了现代汉语的起源，从最后一段可知汉藏 语系和泛欧亚语系是独立的。而前文主要探讨的是泛欧亚语系，所以这里是补充额外信息。故选Do 本文是一篇说明文，主要讲了发表在自然期刊上的一项最新研究发现，包括日语，韩语，士 耳其语和蒙古语在内的泛欧亚语系起源于9000年前的中国东北。农业的发展推动了语言的传播。 做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语 句进行仔细分析，结合选项填写出正确答案。1620,【答案】C、B、F、A、G【解析】【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章指出相较于按照直觉行事，深思熟虑对我们更有帮 助。但一种叫无认知训练的方法可以帮助那些急于得出结论的人。1 .根据上文 How much time do you spend doing research before you make a decision? There are people who go over every detail exhaustively before making a choice.（你在做决定之前花了 多少时间做研究？ 有些人在做出选择之前会仔细考虑每一个细节）结合下文提到了 jumper “急于得出结论的人”可 知，呼应上文仔细考虑每一个细节的人，空处应提出另一种人一一急于得出结论的人。C项（但 相当一部分人很快就会得出结论）符合语境，与上文内容形成对比。故选C。2 .根据上文 We found that jumpers made more errors than non-jumpers on problems that require thoughtful analysis.（我们发现，在需要深思熟虑分析的问题上，急于得出结论的人比仔细思考的 人犯的错误更多）和下文 In a quiz about US civics, they overestimated the chance that their answers were right significantly more than other participants did-even when their answers were wrong.（在一次 关于美国公民的测验中，他们大大高估了自己答案正确的几率一一即使他们的答案是错误的）推 知，急于得出结论的人不仅容易犯错，而且过于自信，即使在答案是错误的情况下还高估答案正 确的几率。B项（此外，急于得出结论的人也有过度自信的问题）符合语境，呈上启下。故选B。3 .空处位于段末应承接上文。根据上文 automatic system, which reflects ideas that come to the mind easily, spontaneously and without effort, and controlled system including conscious and effortful reasoning. Jumpers and non-jumpers are equally influenced by automatic thoughts.（自动系统, 反映容 易、自发且无需努力就能进入大脑的想法，以及控制系统，包括有意识和轻松的推理。急于得出 结论的人和仔细思考者同样受到自动思维的影响）可知，两类人都受到自动思维的影响。但因为 是两种不同的人，因此他们在受影响的程度，或思维模式方面可能有所不同。F项（然而，急于 得出结论的人并没有像仔细思考者那样进行控制推理）符合语境，承接上文，指出了他们的不同 之处。故选F。4 .空处位于段首，应开启下文。根据下文 A method called metacognitive participants* overconfidence. （一种叫做元认知训练的方法可以用来针对他们的偏见，这可以帮助人们更慎重地思考。在这个 培训中，参与者要面对自己的偏见。他们可以学习到错误的地方和思考问题的其他方法。它有助 于消除参与者的过度自信）可知，有方法帮助急于得出结论的人克服他们的问题，消除过度自信。 A项（幸运的是，急于得出结论者可能还有一些希望）符合语境。故选A。5 .根据上文 In everyday life, the question of whether we should think things through or instead go with our gut is a frequent and important one.(在日常生活中，我们是应该深思熟虑，还是按照直觉行事， 这是一个常见而重要的问题)和下文 Sometimes the most important decision we make can be to take some more time before making a choice.(有时候，我们做出的最重要决定可能要做出选择之前多花 些时间)可知，相较于按照直觉行事，深思熟虑对我们更有帮助。G项(最近的研究表明，即使 只收集了一点更多的证据，也可以帮助我们避免重大错误)符合语境。故选G。21 35.【答案】A、C、B、A、D、B、D、A、D、C、A、C、B、C、B【解析】(1)考查动词及语境理解。A.began开始；B.changed更改；C.quit放弃;D.delayed延迟。 句意：在一位朋友的陪同下，我开始了在跑步机上行走的例行活动。由前文I decided to take the gym seriously可知，这里作者"开始"从跑步开始锻炼。故选A。(2)考查形容词及语境理解。A.disappointed感到失望的；B.familiar熟悉的;C.content满意的； D.careful仔细的。句意：我对我们在健身房的日常生活感到满意。由后文My friend, however, became bored.(然而，我的朋友感到无聊。)可知，however这里表转折，说明作者对自己的健身 很”满意二故选C。(3)考查动词短语及语境理解。A.showoff炫耀；B.takeup占据，开始从事；C.keepoff远离； D.finishwith以结束。句意：一天，他建议我们做一项户外运动。由后文step onto an outdoor racquetball court可知,这里应是建议作者”从事”一项户外运动。故选B。(4)考查动词及语境理解。A.opposed 反对；B.supported 支持；C.highlighted 突出;D.understood 理解。句意：我是一个不协调的人，所以我反对他的想法。由前文I was an uncoordinated person 可知，作者认为自己不协调，所以应该是“反对”这建议了。故选A。(5)考查动词及语境理解。A.remind提醒；B.allow允许；C.expect预期；D.persuade劝说，说服。 句意：但几周后，他设法说服我踏上户外壁球场。由前文”1 (4) his idea以及这里But表转折可 知，最后作者朋友还是“说服“他了。故选D。(6)考查动词及语境理解。A.imagined想象;B.intended打算，预想；C.agreed同意;D.found发 现。句意：当我击球时，我把球往各个方向飞去，除了我想要的方向。由前文I was an uncoordinated person可知，球并没有按作者“预想”方向飞去。故选B。(7)考查形容词及语境理解。A.considerate体贴的；B.cautious谨慎的；C.skeptical怀疑的；D.skillful 熟练的。句意：尽管如此，不知怎的，我还是努力学习，在不断练习之后变得熟练。由前文 I tried hard to learn it可知,经过作者努力后，最终变得“熟练”了。故选D。(8)考查名词及语境理解。A.exercise练习，锻炼；B.entertainment娱乐；C.movement移动;.experience经验。句意：我们在跑步机上没有得到足够的锻炼。由后文Why not play tennis to build up our body可知，作者朋友觉得跑步机”锻炼“量不够，所以建议打网球。故选Ao(9)考查动词及语境理解。A.assesses评估；B.preserves保存；C.improves改善；D.involves需要。 句意：网球？我不会打网球！那需要真正的技巧！由后文my racket and the ball met in what tennis players (11) as the 'sweet spot"可知,打网球需要技巧。故 选D。(10)考查名词及语境理解。A.method方法；B.chance机会；C.attempt尝试；D.assistance帮助。 句意：我坚决抵制他的新尝试。由前文suggested my friend可知，作者这里抵抗朋友“尝试”打网球 的建议。故选C。(11)考查动词短语及语境理解。A.referto参考，指的是；B.think of想想；C.make up组成； D.set down制定。句意：经过几个月的痛苦练习后，有一天，当球向我飞来时，我的球拍和球在 网球运动员称之为“最佳位置”的地方相遇了。由后文the，sweet spot，可知，作者这里指称为“最佳位 置”的球技，refer to as表”称为"，为固定搭配。故选A。(12)考查副词及语境理解。A.occasionally偶尔地；B.formaUy正式地；C.eventually最终地； D.frequently频繁地。句意：我终于学会了如何正确地打网球！由前文as the ball came flying towards me, my racket and the ball met in what tennis players (11) as the “sweet spot”.可知，作者“最终”学会了打网球。故选C。(13)考查名词及语境理解。A.concept概念;B.lesson课,教训；C.theory理论;D.criterion标准。 句意：我从这些经历中学到了极其宝贵的一课。由后文I can do whatever I set my mind on.(我可 以做任何我想做的事。)可知，作者从这次经历学到了”一课二故选B。(14)考查动词及语境理解。A.respond回应；B.remain保持；C.follow跟随；D.help帮助。句意: 我只需要付出努力，结果就会随之而来。由前文I just need to put in efforts可知，只要付出努力，(好的)结果将“跟随”而来。故选C。(15)考查形容词及语境理解。A.hesitant犹豫不决的；B.enthusiastic热情的；C.particular特别的； Dfexible灵活的。句意：我对尝试新事物充满热情，我总是充满兴奋感。由后文Pm always filled with a sense of excitement.(我总是充满了兴奋感。)可知，作者对尝试新鲜事物 充满“热情”。故选B。这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者原本认为自己身体不协调，不适合运动，但通过自己不断坚WriterqIMPROVEIH R WRITIM； WRI I INC； |SPIR VFION ；ET PI BUSHED RKSOURCTSFounded in 1887, The Writer aims to expand and support the work of professional writers with a straightforward presentation of industry information, writing instruction and professional and personal motivation.If you're passionate about books, authors, and writing, you'll find everything you need within our pages 12 times a year.Our editors are interested in query letters （投稿信） on concrete topics written by emerging and experienced writers.We are looking for clear takeaway for our readers： What can they learn to improve their writing or advance their careers ? What specific how-to tips and strategies will accomplish this?In addition to a fleshed-out outline of your story idea and an estimated word count, queries should include a brief description of