2022-2023学年上海市市西中学高二上学期期中考试英语试卷（解析版）.docx

2022-2023学年上海市市西中学高二上学期期中考试英语试卷I. Listening comprehension 略II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.The Story Behind Sherlock HolmesEvery year, thousands of people visit one of the world's most famous addresses: 22 IB Baker Street, London. It is famous being the place where the fictional detective Sherlock Holmes lived in the well-known stories by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle.A lot of people are so taken with the stories 2 they forget Sherlock Holmes wasn't a real person and therefore didn't ever actually live at the address. In fact, there was no house there when Conan Doyle wrote the stories. So, 3 Sherlock Holmes was a made-up character, why do so many people think of him like a real person?It is often said that the character Sherlock Holmes was based on a real person named Benjamin Bell, a forensic surgeon (法医)for4 Conan Doyle worked as a clerk at the EdinburghRoyal infirmary.Sherlock Holmes, problem-solving ability and powers of observation are based on the surgeon. Bell was even called on by the police 5 (join) several investigation, just as Sherlock Holmes did.Conan Doyle found the inspiration for the name of his famous detective elsewhere, though. He was an expert cricket player and combined the names of two other well-known players, Shacklock and Sherwin, to make the name “Sherlock”.Besides, 6 makes the character seem like a real person is his distinctive habits. He rarely ate breakfast and had three pipes which he enjoyed smoking. 7 his famous methods for solving mysteries started in fiction, many of them became part of modern-day policing.Although the character is made-up, most of the locations are real. One of Conan Doyle's strengths as an author is describing a London that seems so real to the readers. Most of the famous locations in the books are in London and Sherlock Homes fans love to visit the locations in the books and those 8 (use) later in the movies.【答案】l.for 2. that3 . since#if4 whom 5. to join“to increase re-producibility in the researchn可知，提高研究的可再生产性是科学杂志的 驱动力。故选B项。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：哈佛大学公共卫生学院的生物统计学家、SBoRE小组成员Giovanni Parmigiani表示，他希望该委员会“主要发挥咨询作用”。A. permitted允许；B. forced强迫; C. ordered 命令；D. expected 期待。根据句中"to 'play primarily a consultive role' ” 可知，这 是Giovanni Parmigiani对统计委员会的期望。故选D项。【37题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他之所以同意加入，是因为他“发现建立SBoRE背后的远见 卓识是新颖的、独特的，可能会产生持久的影响。A. thoughtless轻率的；B. amusing有 趣的；C. fresh新颖的，独创的；D. profitable盈利的。根据句中“foresight”和“unique”可 推知，建立统计评审编辑委员会的是具有前瞻性的、新颖的、独特的。故选C项。【38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种影响将不仅仅是通过科学杂志自己发表的论文产生作用， 而且有望通过更大的、可能想要效仿科学杂志的方法出版机构来产生作用。A. model 模仿、仿照;B. record 记录;C. donate 捐赠；D. exchange 交换。根据句中 uafter Sciencev 可知，其他出版机构会效仿科学杂志的做法。故选A项。【39题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，澳大利亚帕克维尔沃尔特和伊丽莎霍尔医学研究所的细胞 生物学家David Vaux说，在已发表的研究中，统计错误非常普遍，令人担忧。A. Furthermore 止匕夕卜;B. Instead相反；C.However然而；D. Consequently因此。上文说专业科学家知道如 何分析数据，下文讲在已发表的研究中，统计错误仍非常普遍，上下文有转折关系。故选c 项。【40题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他在2012年的自然杂志上写道，研究人员应该提高他们 的标准，但期刊也应该采取更严厉的立场。A. deeper更深的；B.tougher更严厉的；C. farther 更远的；D. thinner较薄的。上文讲研究人员应该提高论文标准，结合空前also可知，上下 文是并列关系，因此，期刊也应该采取更严厉的审核态度。故选B项。【41题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：克斯说，科学杂志把一些论文交给统计学家的想法“有一定 的优点，但缺点是它依赖于审查编辑委员会来确定首先需要审查的论文。A. remove移开； B. inform 告知；C. adjust 调整；D. identify 确认。根据下文 “the papers that need scrutiny in the first placen可知，审查编辑委员会需要先确认哪些论文要审查。故选D项。Section BDirections: Read the following two passage. Each passage is followed by several questions or unHnished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)As Ginni Bazlinton reached Antarctica, she found herself greeted by a group of little Gentoo penguins longing to say hello. These gentle, lovely gatekeepers welcomed her and kick-started what was to be a trip Ginni would never forget.Ever since her childhood, Ginni, now 71, has had a deep love for travel. Throughout her career as a professional dancer, she toured in the UK, but always longed to explore further. When she retired from dancing and her sons eventually flew the nest, she decided it was time to take the plunge.After taking a degree at Chichester University in Related Arts, Ginni began to travel the world, eventually getting work teaching English in Japan and Chile. And it was in Chile she discovered she could get last-minute cheap deals on ships going to Antarctica from the islands off Tierra del Fugeo, the southernmost tip of the South American mainland. "I just decided I wanted to go,“ she says. "I had no idea about what I'd find there and I wasn't nervous. I just wanted to do it. And I wanted to do it alone as I always prefer it that way.”In March 2008, Ginni boarded a ship with 48 passengers she'd never met before, to begin the journey towards Antarctica. “From seeing the wildlife to witnessing sunrises, the whole experience was amazing. Antarctica left an impression on me that no other place has,“ Ginni says. "I remember the first time I saw a humpback whale; it just rose out of the water like some prehistoric creature and I thought it was smiling at us. You could still hear the operatic sounds it was making underwater.The realization that this is a precious land, to be respected by humans, was one of the biggest things that hit home to Ginni.42. Which of the following best explains “take the plunge“ underlined in paragraph 2?A. Bring back lost memories.B. Take a degree.C. Try challenging things.D. Stick to a promise.43. What made Ginni decide on the trip to Antarctica?A. Lovely penguinsB. A discount fare.C. Beautiful scenery.D. A friend invitation.44. What does Ginni think about Antarctica after the journey?A. It could be a home for her.B. It should be easily accessible.C. It needs to be fully introduced.D. It should be well preserved.45. What is the text mainly about?A. A childhood dream.B. Meeting animals in Antarctica.C. Sailing around the world.D. An unforgettable travel experience.【答案】42.C43. B 44. D 45. D【解析】【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，介绍了 Ginni Bazlinton去南极洲旅行的难忘经历。【42题详解】词句猜测题。根据文章第二段关键句"Throughout her career as a professional dancer, she toured in the UK, but always longed to explore further.（在她的职业舞蹈生涯中，她在英国巡演，但一 直渴望进一步探索）”及 “When she retired from dancing and her sons eventually flew the nest, she decided it was time（当她不再跳舞，她的儿子们也最终离开了家，她决定是时候）”结合下 文Ginni的探索南极洲经历可知，Ginni决定在停止跳舞和儿子们离开家后尝试探索南极洲, 这是一种新的挑战，画线短语意为“尝试一些新的挑战”。故选C项。【43题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段关键句"And it was in Chile she discovered she could get last-minute cheap deals on ships going to Antarctica from the islands off Tierra del Fugeo, the southernmost tip of the South American mainland.（在智利，她发现自己可以在最后一刻买到从 南美大陆最南端的Tierra del Fugeo附近岛屿前往南极洲的廉价船票）”可知，打折船票让 Ginni决定去南极洲旅行。故选B项。【44题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段 “The realization that this is a precious land, to be respected by humans, was one of the biggest things that hit home to Ginni.（Ginni 意识至这是片珍贵的土 地，应该受到人类的尊重，这是她感触最深的事情之一）”可知，Ginni认为南极洲应该被好 好保护。故选D项。【45题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段 “As Ginni Bazlinton reached Antarctica, she found herself greeted by a group of little Gentoo penguins longing to say hello. These gentle, lovely gatekeepers welcomed her and kick-started what was to be a trip Ginni would never forget.Ginni Bazlinton 到达南极洲时，她发现一群渴望打招呼的小巴布亚企鹅向她打招呼。这些温柔可爱的看门者 欢迎她，开始了 Ginni永生难忘的旅行）”及全文内容可知，本文介绍了 Ginni Bazlinton去南 极旅行的难忘经历。故选D项。（B）Working at the British MuseumCurrent vacanciesWe are always looking for talented people to join us in jobs from visitor assistants to curators, scientists to administrators, sales assistants to fundraisers. We aim to create a working environment in which all individuals can make best use of their skills, free from unlawful discrimination or harassment （骚打i）. We also offer a wide-ranging benefits package, which you can view by clicking on the benefits tab above.If you want to find out more about a specific vacancy, click on the job title in the list of current vacancies in the British Museum or the British Museum Company below. You can also log in to continue and track a previous application. You can use the search function on the bottom left of this tab to search for jobs according to their location, job category or employment type.How to applyTo apply for a job, you need to register an account. Once you have an account you can use this to apply for any job by logging in to the candidate area using your email address and chosen password.As part of any recruitment process, the British Museum collects and processes personal data relating to job applicants. The Museum is committed to being transparent about how it collects and uses that data and to meeting its data protection obligations. You can find further information on this subject on the job applicant privacy notice tab.If your application is successful you will be subject to relevant disclosure checks for the job. You will also be required to provide evidence of your right to work in the UK.You can apply for a job by clicking on the corresponding job title. You can resume an application which you have started but are yet to finish. The online application form has been designed so that you can save, review and amend it, before submission.SelectionOnce we receive your application it will be reviewed and evaluated. If you are shortlisted for the job you will be invited to an interview: this could be a telephone interview, a face-to-face interview or in the format of an assessment centre, depending on the position you are applying for. If your application is unsuccessful we will contact you to let you know.We usually operate a two-stage interview process depending on the job you have applied for. For certain jobs you may also he asked to undertake an exercise to demonstrate your suitability for the position.All vacancies will close at 12 noon on the closing date and late applications will not be accepted. If you have further queries, please contact the Museum's Human Resources department on 020 73238396 or .46. You cannot search a job on this website by.A. employment type B. job categoryC. salaryD. location47. If you want to explore more about the transparency of the data collecting, you can click on the tab.A. current vacanciesB. job applicant privacy noticeC. benefitsD. volunteer48. Which of the following statements is TRUE?A. The Museum promotes equality for its staff and job applicants.B. When submitted, the online application form can't be revised.C. The Museum will contact you only if your application is successful.D. The candidates will go through a telephone interview and then a face-to-face one.【答案】46. C 47. B 48. B【解析】【导语】本文为应用文。文章介绍了大英博物馆的招聘网站的相关信息：目前的空缺职位、 申请方式和面试方式。【46题详解】细节理解题。根据 Cuirent vacancies 部分的第二段“ You can use the search function on the bottom left of this tab to search for jobs according to their location, job category or employment type.（您 可以使用此选项卡左下角的搜索功能根据位置、工作类别或就业类型搜索工作。）”可知， 可通过搜索位置、工作类别就业类型在该网站找到对应的职位，即salary是不行的。故选C 项。【47题详解】细节理解题。根据How to apply部分的第二段第二三两句"The Museum is committed to being transparent about how it collects and uses that data and to meeting its data protection obligations. You can find further information on this subject on the job applicant privacy notice tab.（博物馆致 力于在收集和使用这些数据方面保持透明，并履行其数据保护义务。您可以在求职者隐私声 明选项卡上找到有关此主题的更多信息。）”可知，在job applicant privacy notice tab上可以 找到更多信息。故选B项。【48题详解】细节理解题。根据How to apply部分的第四段最后一句"The online application form has been designed so that you can save, review and amend it, before submission.（在线申请表的设计使您 可以在提交之前保存，查看和修改它。）”可知，在线表格提交之前可以修改，即提交之后 就不可修改了。故选B项。（C）The question of whether our government should promote science and technology or the liberal arts in higher education isn't an either/or proposition （命题）although the current emphasis on preparing young Americans for STEM （science, technology, engineering, maths） - related fields can make it seem that way.The latest congressional report acknowledge the critical importance of technical training but also argues that the study of the humanities and social sciences must remain central components of America's educational system at all levels. Both are critical to producing citizens who can participate effectively in our democratic society, become innovative leaders, and benefit from the spiritual enrichment that the reflection on the great ideas of mankind over time provides.Parents and students who have invested heavily in higher education worry about graduates9 job prospects as technological advances and changes in domestic and global markets transform professions in ways that reduce wages and cut jobs. Under these circumstances, it's national to look for what may appear to be the most “practical“ way out of the problem. "Major in a subject designed to get you a job“ seems the obvious answer to some, though this ignores the fact that many disciplines in the humanities characterized as "soft" often, in fact, lead to employment and success in the long run. Indeed, according to surveys, employers have expressed a preference for students who have received a broadly-based education that has taught them to write well, think critically, research creatively, and communicate easily.Moreover, students should be prepared not just for their first job, but for their 4th and 5th jobs, as there's little reason to doubt that people entering the workforce today will be called upon to play many different roles over the course of their careers. The ones who will do the best in this new environment will be those whose educations have prepared them to be flexible. The ability to draw upon every available tool and insight - picked up from science, arts, and technology - to solve the problems of the future, and take advantage of the opportunities that present themselves, will be helpful to them and the United States.49. What does the latest congressional report suggest?A. STEM-related subjects help students find jobs in the information society.B. Higher education should be adjust ed to the practical needs of society.C. The liberal arts in higher education help enrich students9 spiritual life.D. The humanities and STEM subjects should be given equal importance.50. What is the main concern of students when they choose a major?A. Their chances of getting a good job.B. The academic value of the courses.C. The quality of education to receive.D. Their interest in relevant subjects.51. What kind of job applicants do employers look for?A. Those who have a strong sense of responsibility.B. Those who are good at solving practical problems.C. Those who have received a well-rounded education.D. Those who are likely to become innovative leaders.52. What advice does the author give