2022-2023学年山东省菏泽市高三上学期期末英语考试试题（解析版）.docx

2022-2023学年度第一学期期末考试高三英语试题注意事项:1 .本试卷满分120分,考试时间100分钟。2 .答题前，考生务必将姓名、班级等个人信息填写在答题卡指定位置。3 .考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径05毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答。超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。There are four youngest athletes who won the gold medal in the Olympics. Their achievements are recorded in the history of professional sports.Marjorie GestringMarjorie Gestring was only 13 years and 268 days old when she won a gold medal for her county. After 1936, the Olympics were sopped for the Second World War. Following the conclusion of the war, she could not qualify for the 1948 London Olympics. Maijorie Gestring would have won more gold medals considering her talent if not for the World War II.Klaus ZertaKlaus Zerta was only 13 years and 283 days old when he won a gold medal at the 1960 Olympics in Rome, Italy. He cooperated with his teammates Bernhard Knubel and Heinz Renneberg to win the gold medal. Klaus was from West Germany but represented the unified team of Germany at the Olympics. Moreover, he is the youngest confirmed male athlete to win the gold medal in the history of the Summer Olympics.Fu MingxiaChinese female diver Fu Mingxia is popular for being one of the youngest Olympic diving champions. She won a gold medal at the 1992 Olympic Games in Barcelona when she was just 13 years and 345 days old. Her last Olympic gold medal came during the 2000 Sydney Olympics, which emphasized the environmental protection and the reduction in waste. With the fourth gold medal, she joined Americans Pat McCormick and Greg Louganis as the world's only quadruple （四次的）Olympic diving champions.training to help your dog work through what's causing the problem 19 You911 have to work with your dog consistently or hire a professional trainer.One way to stop your dog from following you might be putting it in a secure and reliable area. 20 If your dog spends all of its time with you and you alone, it may express a dislike for being away from you or interacting with other humans or dogs.A. You and your dog must have a similar lifestyle.B. You may think it's because it loves and trusts you.C. There are many reasons why dogs follow their owners.D. For example, it could be il, bored, nervous or stressed.E. Keep in mind that the behavior won't be cured overnight.F. Another trick might be to make sure your dog socializes enough.G. This could be especially true if dogs can take care of themselves.【答案】16.B17. C 18. D 19. E 20. F【解析】【导语】本是一篇说明文。主要介绍了狗喜欢追随主人的原因以及如何阻止狗一直跟着主人的方法。【16题详解】根据上文“Does your dog always want to go wherever you're going and most of the time, this behavior is welcomed? （你的狗总是想去你要去的地方吗？大多数时候，这种行为是受欢迎的）”说明狗的这种行为时受欢迎的，引 出与空格处“受欢迎的原因”，因此B项“你可能认为这是因为它爱你，信任你”符合语境，故选B。【17题详解】根据下文 “ Usually, it's simply out of loyalty and the close relationship that's been created with its owner, because he or she is the one that provides care and comfort and keeps it safe.（通常，这只是出于对主人的忠诚和与主人建 立的亲密关系，因为他或她是提供照顾和安慰并保持其安全的人）”说明狗追随主人的原因，与空格处是本 段主旨句，因此C项“狗追随主人的原因有很多”能够概括本段大意，故选C。【18题详解】根据上文 “However, sometimes, your dog wants to follow you possibly due to something negative （然而， 有时， 你的狗想要跟随你，可能是因为一些消极的事情）”说明的是狗追随的不好的原因，空格处举例说明有哪些 不好的事情，因此D项“例如，它可能是疲倦、无聊、紧张或压力”与上文一致，故选D。【19题详解】根据上文 “ It may take much time and training to help your dog work through what's causing the problem （可能需 要很多时间和训练来帮助您的狗解决问题的原因。）”说明处理狗的负面情绪需要大量的时间和训练，空格处对上文进一步强调，因此E项“请记住，这种行为不会在一夜之间得到治愈”与上文一致，故选E。 【20题详解】根据上文 “One way to stop your dog from following you might be putting it in a secure and reliable area.（阻止你 的狗跟着你的一种方法可能是把它放在一个安全可靠的地方）”说明阻止你的狗跟着方法之一，空格处是是 介绍阻止你的狗跟着方法另外的犯法，因此F项“另一个技巧可能是确保你的狗足够社交”符合语境，故 选F。第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空内处的最佳选项。Michael Todd wore the same clothes every day for the first three weeks of high school. When the other kids began to 21 that he was wearing the same black pants and blue long-sleeve shirt day after day, Todd became the 22 of taunts （奚落）and laughter.Two of the kids 23 that were Garrett and Graham, a pair of freshman football players. But over time, they realized that their abusive 24 felt like bullying （欺凌）and seemed to be slowly destroying Todd's spirit. Finally they understood 25 So he and Garrett 26 a plan. They went home and hunted 27 their own drawers and closets. The next day at school, they 28 Todd at their third period class and asked him to come into the hall. Todd was 29 afraid of being called out by the larger boys.“We're in the same third period, and I 30 for laughing at you, and I want to give something to youto make it 31" Graham says. He then handed Todd an enormous bag. Insidewere 32 shirts and shorts, plus a brand-new pair of New Balance sneakers. Todd was blown away,happy and 33 completely.And Todd got much more than new clothes. He no longer sits alone at lunch. Now he eats with his new 34, Garrett and Graham. Reflecting on the day Garrett and Graham called him into the hall, hesaid, "The 35 day of my entire life, basically”.21. A. predictB. noticeC. decorateD. appreciate22. A. targetB. effortC. principleD. motivation23. A. moving onB. jumping onC. counting onD. insisting on24. A. effectB. powerC. wordsD. thoughts25. A. somethingB. nothingC. anythingD. everybody26. A. canceledB. hatchedC. disturbedD.changed27. A. forB. overC. afterD. through28. A. called29. A. purposely30. A. care31. A. up32. A. old33. A. annoyed34. A. clothes35. A. best【答案】2LB 22. AA 32. B 33. C【解析】B. datedB. excitedlyB. waitB. outB. cleanB. confusedB. sneakersB. hardest23. D 24. C34. C 35. AC. metC. occasionallyC. dislikeC. clearC. fashionableC.shockedC. friendsC. funniest25. A 26. B 27. DD. abusedD. understandablyD. apologizeD. downD. expensiveD. embarrassedD. classmatesD. poorest28. C 29. D 30【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了 Todd因为家境贫穷，在学校经常被欺负，Garrett和Graham在意识欺负是错误的，主动和解并送他东西并最后成为Todd的朋友。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当其他孩子开始注意到他日复一日地穿着同样的黑色裤子和蓝色长袖衬衫时， 托德成了嘲笑和嘲笑的对象。A. predict预测；B.notice通知，注意;C.decorate装饰；D.appreciate欣赏。根据前文 uMichael Todd wore the same clothes every day for the first three weeks of school.” 可知，Todd 在校 三周一直穿着同一身衣服，这显然与其他同学不一样，从而引起了同学们的注意。故选B项。【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上题。A. target目标;B. effort努力；C. principle原则；D. motivation动机。根 据上文 “ Michael Todd wore the same clothes every day for the first three weeks of school. ” 可知，Todd 在校一 直穿着同一身衣服，三周都没有换衣服，可想同学们会怎样看待他，可推之其会成为同学们嘲笑的对象。故选A项。【23题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：其中两个坚持那样做的是Garrett和Graham,他们俩都是橄榄球新生。A. moving on 继续；B. jumping on 跳上；C. counting on 计数；D. insisting on 坚持。根据前文 When the other kids began to 1 that he was wearing the same black pants and blue long-sleeve shirt day after day, Todd became the 2of taunts （奚落）and laughter"可知之前有许多同学嘲笑Todd后来只有他们两个一直这样做。故选D项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但随着时间的推移，他们意识到自己的谩骂就像是在欺负人，似乎在慢慢摧毁 Todd的精神。A. effect效果；B. power功率；C.words言语,话；D. thoughts思想。根据前文的“Toddbecame the 2 of taunts （奚落）and laughter”可知此处指的是奚落Todd刻薄的话对Todd来说应该是心灵上的伤害。故选C项。【25题详解】考查不定代词词义辨析。句意：最终他们意识到了一些事情。A. something某事；B. nothing什么也没有； C. anything 任何事情；D. everybody 每个人。根据下文的 “But over time, they realized that their abusive words felt like bullying （欺凌）and seemed to be slowly destroying Todd's spirit.v可知这是他们两个意识到的问题：语 言对Todd的伤害。故选A项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他和Garrett制定了一个计戈ij。A. canceled取消；B. hatched孵化，策划；C. disturbed 干扰；D. changed 改变。根据后文的 “They went home and hunted 7 their own drawers and closets. The next day at school, they 8 Todd at their third period class and asked him to come into the hall. ” 可矢口这是他们两人的计划。hatched策划，符合句意，故选B项。【27题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意:他们回到家,翻遍了自己的抽屉。A. for为了； B. over超过；C.after在之后；D. through 通过。根据后文的 uHe then handed Todd an enormous bag. Inside were 12 shirts and shorts,plus a brand-new pair of New Balance sneakers.v可知他们给Todd带来的是自己的衣服，很显然他们俩回家时 翻找自己的抽屉，为Todd拿衣服。hunt through把找遍，符合句意。故选D项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，他们在第三节课的时候遇到Todd,请他到大厅来。A. called打电话； B. dated 约会;C. met 遇见;D. abused 滥用。根据后文 u at their third period class and asked him to come into the hall”可知他们是在课间空偶遇到了 Todd并请他来到大厅。故选C项。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：Todd很害怕被个子大一点的男孩叫出来，这是可以理解的。A. purposely故意地; B. excitedly 兴奋地;C. occasionally 偶尔地;D. understandably 可以理解地。根据前文“When the other kids began to 1 that he was wearing the same black pants and blue long-sleeve shirt day after day, Todd became the2 of taunts （奚落）and laughter”可知之前有许多同学嘲笑Todd所以他害怕被个大的同学叫出来，这是 可以理解的。故选D项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们都上第三节课，我为嘲笑你向你道歉，我想要做一些事情来弥补我们的过 错。A.care 护理；B. wait 等待；C. dislike 不喜欢；D. apologize 道歉。根据后文 “and I want to give something to you to make it 11”可知此处是Graham来向Todd道歉。故选D项。【31题详解】考查副词和形容词词义辨析。句意同上题。A.up向上；B. out向外；C.clear清楚的；D. down向下。根据 下文 “He then handed Todd an enormous bag. Inside were 12 shirts and shorts, plus a brand-new pair of NewBalance sneakers.v可知这是Garrett和Graham做一些事情来弥补他们的过错。故选A项。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:里面是干净的衬衫和短裤，以及运动鞋。A. old旧的；B. clean清洁的；C.fashionable 时尚的；D. expensive 昂贵的。根据上文“They went home and hunted 7 their own drawers andclosets.”以及下文plus a brand-new pair of New Balance sneakers可知他们俩的衬衫和短裤是干净的。故 选B项。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:Todd被打动了，既高兴又震惊。A. annoyed惹恼的；B. confused困惑的;C.shocked 震惊的；D. embarrassed 尴尬的。根据前文 “Todd was 9 afraid of being called out by the larger boys.”可知Todd一直被嘲笑，害怕被他们叫出来又会嘲笑一顿，可是Garrett和Graham却是来和解的，Todd被 他俩的行为感动了但是又感到震惊。故选C项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Todd和他的两个新朋友Garrett和Graham一起吃饭。A. clothes衣服；B. sneakers 运动鞋；C. friends 朋友；D. classmates 同学。由上文 “And Todd got much more than new clothes. He no longer sits alone at lunch.”可知，他们俩是给Todd带来了不仅是干净的衬衫和短裤，以及运动鞋，还有友谊。所 以friends朋友符合句意。故选C项。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：回想加勒特和格雷厄姆把他叫进大厅的那一天，托德说：“基本上是我一生中 最美好的一天”。A. best最好的；B. hardest最硬的；C.funniest最有趣的；D. poorest最穷的。根据前文“Todd was blown away, h叩py and 13 completely." 可知 Garrett 和 Graham 与 Todd 的道歉和解，并送给了Todd衣服，还成为了好朋友，这让Todd非常感动和高兴，对于一直都在被欺负的Todd来说，这当然是一 生中最美好的一天。故选A项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Thangka artists in Gojo County, Tibet Autonomous Region, are painting their way to success by adding fresh design elements to this 36 (convention) art form. The county, located in eastern Tibet, is 37 center for ancient Tibetan art forms such as thangka paintings.Thangka artists in Gojo 38 (main) practice the Mansar style of Tibetan thangkapaintings. 39 started in the 17th century. According to the county government, Gojo has 11 thangka painting cooperatives (合作社)and more than 200 artists. The total income 40 (earn) by thangka paintings in the county was over 10 million yuan in 2019.But 41 sets these artists apart from thangka artists in the rest of Tibet is that they have adapted their style of painting to involve contemporary scenes and themes. Last year the top thangka artists from each of Gojo's painting cooperatives teamed up 42 (create) some giant paintings. So far, these masters 43 (produce) a series of thangka works 44 (describe) China's 56 ethnic groups as well as the experiences of people who have been lifted out of 45(poor), which win popularity online.【答案】36. conventional37. a 38. mainly39. which 40. earned41. what 42. to create43. have produced44. describing45. poverty【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，文章主要介绍了 Goj。的唐卡艺术家为传统的艺术形式增加新的元素，帮助 人们摆脱贫困的同时，在网上广受欢迎。【36题详解】考查形容词。句意：西藏自治区五条县的唐卡艺术家正在为这种传统艺术形式添加新的设计元素，从而获 得成功。此处应形容词作为定语，修饰名词art,再根据提示，故填conventional。【37题详解】考查冠词。句意：该县位于西藏东部，是古代西藏艺术形式如唐卡绘画的中心。可数名词单数center前面应 该加上冠词，且此处表示“一个中心。其为辅音音素开头，故填a。【38题详解】考查副词。句意：Goj。的唐卡艺术家主要练习始于17世纪的曼萨尔风格的西藏唐卡绘画。根据句子可知， 此处用副词修饰动词practice,再根据提示，故填mainly。【39题详解】考查定语从句。句意：Gojo唐卡艺术家主要练习始于17世纪的曼萨尔风格的西藏唐卡绘画。根据句子结 构可知，此处考查非限制性定语从句，且此处的关系词在句中作为主语，代指the Mansar style of Tibetan thangka paintings, 故填 whicho【40题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：2019年，该县唐卡画的总收入超过1000万元。此处的逻辑主语The total income 与动词earn之间是“被动关系。应用过去分词形式的非谓语动词，再根据提示，故填earned。【41题详解】考查名词性从句。句意：但这些艺术家与西藏其他地区的唐卡艺术家不同的是，他们已经将自己的绘画风 格融入了当代场景和主题。is之前是名词性从句，此处用的连接词在从句中作为主语，且表示“什么事”, 故填whato【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：去年，来自Goj。每个绘画合作社的顶级唐卡艺术家联手创作了一些巨型画作。此 处用非谓语动词表示“目的”，再根据提示，故填tocreate。【43题详解】考查时态。句意：到目前为止，这些大师们制作了一系列唐卡作品，描述了中国56个民族以及摆脱贫困的 人们的经历，这些作品在网上广受欢迎。根据本句的时间状语So far可知，本句应该用现在完成时，且主语 是 these masters 复数形式，故填 have producedo【44题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：到目前为止，这些大师们制作了一系列唐卡作品，描述了中国56个民族以及摆脱 贫困的人们的经历，这些作品在网上广受欢迎。此处用非谓语动词作为状定语，且逻辑主语thangka works 与动词describe之间是“主动关系”，故填describingo【45题详解】考查名词。句意：到目前为止，这些大师们制作了一系列唐卡作品，描述了中国56个民族以及摆脱贫困的 人们的经历，这些作品在网上广受欢迎。介词。f之后，应该用名词作为宾语，再根据提示，故填poverty。第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假定你是李华，你校将于下月举办“中国传统文化周”活动，请你给汉字字源网站的创始人“汉字叔叔” 理查德西尔斯写封电子邮件，邀请他来你校作报告。内容包括：1 .发出邀请；2 .报告的主要内容；3 .希望收到回复。注意：L写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。参考词汇：汉字字源网站Chinese EtymologyDear Mr. Richard Sears,Yours,Li Hua【答案】Dear Mr. Richard Sears,I am writing to invite you to give us a lecture for the Chinese Traditional Culture Week to be held in my school next month.As the founder of the website called Chinese Etymology, you are known as "Uncle Hanzi”. You have researched into how Chinese characters developed in different periods and established a database. Because of your hard work, Chinese culture is better known in the world now. So, will you give us an one-hour lecture, sharing your research and personal story?We are looking forward to your early reply.Yours,Li Hua 【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给汉字字源网站的创始人“汉字叔叔”理查德西尔斯写封电 子邮件，邀请他来你校作报告。【详解】1 .词汇积累仓U 始 人： founder -originator建立：establish set up因 为：Because of 一Due to 期望：look forward to 一 expect 2 .句式拓展简单句变复合句原句： As the founder of the website called Chinese Etymology, you are known as "Uncle Hanzi”.拓展句： As the founder of the website which is called Chinese Etymology, you are known as “Uncle Hanzi”.【点睛】【高分句型 1 As the founder of the website called Chinese Etymology, you are known as “Uncle Hanzi, （运用了过去分词作后置定语）【高分句型 2 】So, will you give us an one-hour lecture, sharing your research and personal story?（运用了 现在分 词作状语）第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。On a recent Saturday evening, my wife, my son Jack and I were having dinner when we heard the sounds of a group of kids talking in the street, outside our home. Then out of the blue came two loud thuds （闷响）above our bedroom window, followed by the noise of laughter and lite kids running away down our street.I turned on the external lights and rushed outside, unsure of what had caused the two thuds or what damage I could expect to see. The silence of the night was broken by the distant laughter of the neighborhood kids. At that moment I wanted to run after them. However, running barefoot on the road in the dark wasn't a wise thing.The light above our garage helped me to identify just what had happened. Our home had been the victim of “an egg bombing”! Faced with the need to clean up this sticky mess, I was annoyed with the kids' bad tricks. I decided to remove the mess the next morning.The next morning, I walked out to check the stains left by the two egg