2023年初中英语超详细导学案——名词.pdf
窦明明 2013 商务英语 20133000105初中英语导学案 教学内容 初中英语语法点 授课教师 窦明明 使用班级 2015 级 1-4班 授课时间 2015 年 11 月 授课课题 词法 名词 课型 新授课（语法复习课）教学重点 1.名词的分类 2.名词的单复数变化 教学难点 1.名词的单复数变化中的不规 则变化 2.名词所有格 教学目标：1.了解名词的分类以及分类依据 2.理解并掌握名词单数变复数的规则 3.熟练运用名词单复数转化的规律 4.理解运用名词所有格 教学内容概述：1.名词的分类 1）专用名词：具体的人名、事物名、地名、机构名、国名以及月份和节日的名词。e.g Green（格林）Chicago（芝加哥）Thanksgiving Day（感恩节）etc.2）普通名词：一类人、事物或抽象概念的名称。分类：可数名词：个体名词：单个的人或事物（book,student）集体名词：一群人或一些事物总称的名词(army,police,people)不可数名词：A.物质名词：无法分为个体的物质、材料的名词（water,glass,wind）B.抽象名词：用来描述人的性格、情感、品质、状态等抽象概念的名词(honesty,youth)2.名词的数 可数名词单数变复数：1)一般情况在词尾加-s,如 map-maps,sea-seas,girl-girls,day-days2)以 s,x,ch,sh,o结尾的名词后加-es,如 class-classes,box-boxes,watch-watches,brush-brushes,potato-potatoes3)以-f或-fe结尾的词,变为复数时有两种方法:先变-f和-fe为 v再加-es,如 leaf-leaves,thief-thieves,knife-knives;直接加-s,如 belief-beliefs,chief-chiefs,proof-proofs,roof-roofs,scarf-scarfs4)以辅音字母加 y结尾的名词，变 y 为 i 加-es,如,city-cities,party-parties,family-families,story-stories5)以元音字母加 y结尾的名词，或专有名词以 y结尾的，直接加-s,如 toy-toys,boy-boys,day-days,ray-rays6)以字母 o 结尾的单词：piano-pianos,photo-photos,auto-autos,kilo-kilos;zero-zeros/zeroes,volcano-volcanoes/volcanos;hero-heroes,Negro-Negroes,potato-potatoes,tomato-tomatoes;truth-truths,mouth-mouths,month-months,path-paths;7)以元音字母加-o结尾的名词加-s,如 radio-radios,bamboo-bamboos,zoo-zoos除此之外：还有一些不规则变化的名词需要大家单独记忆。manmen;womanwomen;childchildren;oxoxen;policemanpolicemen;EnglishmanEnglishmen FrenchmanFrenchmen footfeet toothteeth mousemice【常用必备 常用不可数名词口诀】Part1 金木水火土，米面肉食布，都是不可数 gold;wood;water;fire;earth,rice;flour;meat;food;clothPart 2金银钢铁和天气（gold,silver,steel,iron,weather）煤油棉花和玻璃（coal,oil,cotton,glass）面包果汁和氧气（bread,juice,oxygen）咖啡牛奶和茶叶（coffee,milk,tea）纸币烟酒和头发（paper,money,smoke,wine,hair）Part 3幸福时光和爱情（happiness,time,love）民主进步重要性（democrocy,progress,importance）青春教育有信息（youth,education,information）慈善友谊和关系（kindness,friendship,relationship）知识力量和能力（knowledge,power,ability）胜利消息有乐趣（victory,news,fun）交通污染不美丽（traffic,pollution,beauty）放下行李提建议（baggage,advice）3.名词所有格 名词 s(意思是“的”)有生命的名词所有格，一般在后加“s”但注意：1)表两者共有则在后者加“s”Lucy and Lilys father 露西和莉莉的父亲 Lucys and Lilys fathers 露西的父亲和莉莉的父亲.2)以 s 结尾的词只加“”eg.1)the boys books 2)James father3)无生命的名词所有格用 of 来引导 eg.the leg of the desk the capital city of China4)双重所有格：a friend of my fathers a friend of mine()a friend of my()当堂习题检测：I.Write the pulural forms of the following words.1.pencil-box _ _ 2.wife _ 3.German_ 4.city_ 5.dress _6.Englishman _7.match _ 8.Chinese _9.zoo_ 10.exam_ 11.ox_12.Japanese_13.family_ 14.child_15.egg_II.Multiple Choice1.Which is the to the bus stop,please?A road B way C street D address2.Hurry up!There is time left.A little B a little C few D a few3.How many can you see in the picture?A tomatos B tomatoes C tomato D the tomato4.Shanghai is one of the biggest in our country.A city B citys C citys D cities5.Would you please pass me?A two paper B two papers C.two pieces of paper D two pieces of papers6.September 10th is Day.A Teacher B Teachers C Teachers D Teachers7.June 1st is.A Childrens day B childrens Day C Childrens Day D childrens day8.These foreign friends are.A German B Germen C Germany D Germans9.All the students are busy,so of them will go to the cinema.A many B little C a few D few10.There are three and seven in the picture.A deers,sheeps B deers,sheep C deer,sheep D deer,sheeps11.Whose room is this?Its.A my B Kikes and Johns C our D Kike and Johns12.There are three _ in our factory.A.woman doctors B.women doctors C.woman doctor D.women doctor13.The ant has two _.A.stomaches B.stomacks C.stomach D.stomachs14.Mr Li shook _ warmly with a friend.A.hand B.a hand C.hands D.the hands15.Food and _ are daily necessities（需要）for the people.A.cloth B.clothe C.clothes D.clothing教后反思：授课教师签名：学生签名(3 人以上)：
