高二英语人教版选修六练习UNIT4课下能力提升（十六）.docx

Unit 4课下力量提升（十六）I .阅读理解When policy experts debate climate change solutions, they often talk about “a price on carbon” . They are arguing about whether panies should pay when they put carbon pollution in the air. But here's the secret that most people seem to be missing: There already is a price on carbon, and it's paid by the taxpayers.Carbon pollution, like every other form of pollution, has an impact on the environment. Throwing waste into a river will cause the fish to die and the people who drink the water to get sick. And when you produce carbon pollution, you get climate change - sea level rise, stronger storms, severe droughts, damage to agriculture, and more.All of those impacts cost money. Insurance rates go up when storms get more destructive. Taxes increase when cities have to rebuild bridges and roads. Military budgets go up when droughts and population changes cause conflicts. Not to mention impacts on agriculture and health care costs.In other words, the price on carbon is what we all pay when there is no market force to limit the pollution that causes climate change. So the debate is really about who will pay that price the panies who are making a profit from the fossil fuels, or the taxpayers who pick up the cost now.Right now, we have private profit and public cost. If s just like if we allowed every business to throw its garbage in the street because it's too expensive to have it moved away properly. Does it add a little bit to your dinner check to require that restaurants throw away their trash properly? Sure. But it would be more expensive for you if the city had to clean the streets of their garbage every day. So just like we put a "price on garbage" we need a “price on carbon pollution，. Now, a “price on carbon pollution“ can mean a lot of things.You could tax panies based on the amount of carbon pollution they produce, and return the money to taxpayers. You could put a limit on how much they can produce, thereby requiring them to invest in ways to conduct business in a less polluting way.语篇解读:谁该为碳污染买单?是企业还是纳税者？实际上纳税者已经在为碳污染买 单，这好像是人们无视了的一个隐秘。政策专家盼望公司为碳污染买单。1. What do the policy experts argue about carbon pollution?A Whether taxpayers could get profit from it.B. Whether the panies should pay for it.C. Who have the ability to change it.D. How much should be paid for it.解析：选 B 细节理解题。依据第一段中的“They are arguing about whether panies should pay可知，政策专家争论的是公司是否应为碳污染买单。2. What9 s the main idea of Paragraph 2?A. Some other forms of pollution.B The effects of carbon pollution.C. The signs of carbon pollution.D. The way to reduce carbon pollution.解析：选 B 段落大意题。其次段第一句"Carbon pollution, like every other form of pollution, has an impact on the environment"为该段的主题句，所以该段主要讲碳污染的影 响。3. The author referred to restaurants in the passage mainly to.A. prove every business doesn't perform its dutyB warn readers to protect the environment aroundC. explain the damage of no policy on carbon pollutionD. show some restaurants throw away their trash randomly解析：选C 推理推断题。由倒数其次段中的“So just like we put a ' price on garbage9 we need a 9 price on carbon pollution9 ,z可知，作者谈及饭店是为了说明没有有效政策来约束碳 污染的危害。4. According to the passage, what does the “price on carbon pollution" mean?A. Telling the taxpayers to refuse to pay taxes on carbon pollution.B. Making the government invest to reduce carbon pollution.C. Increasing prices of the products from panies.D. Taxing panies on carbon pollution they produce.解析：选D 推理推断题。通读全文，尤其是最终一段可知，作者建议向排放碳的公司 征税，故D项正确。n.阅读七选五Want to live in a perfectly clean environment and make it shine brightly? Then you will not need to purchase expensive cleaning products.Clean the toilet with Coke. It's amazing how powerful Coke might be as a toilet cleaner.2You' 11 save your health by not consuming chemicals that Coke contains and save money by not purchasing professional cleaners. Pour some cola over the stains and leave it all for a few hours. Then let water wash the toilet!Remove water stains with orange peels. You've just eaten an orange. 3 Do not throw away those orange peels. You can use the skins to clean stainless steel. Your appliances will shine again after you rub （擦）them with the skins. The peels can easily make those stubborn stains disappear in a second.Use banana peels to polish leather furniture. Experts claim that banana peels are great for polishing leather sofas and armchairs. Banana skins are rich in oils and have the right texture to do the task. 4 Afterwards, remove the leftover with a cloth. This trick is simple and cheap. Use it if you want your leather furniture to look brand new again.5 Why would you want to buy one when you can make your own product that is cheap and non-toxic （无毒的）？ Just pour 2 liters of slightly warm water into a deep bowl. Then add 50ml white vinegar and half a teaspoon of dishwashing liquid. Shake the bowl and then fill up a plastic spray with the mixture. Use it to clean windows and mirrors. Make your glass surfaces clean and shiny.A. Wait a minute!B Make your own glass cleaner.C. Follow the steps given below.D. Of course your answer is 6tyes，/ .E. They leave no marks or scratches.F. Instead of drinking it, use it to clean the toilet bowl.G. They are economical and safe to use on all of furniture.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。想生活在一个洁净的生活环境中、让一切光滑发亮吗? 那就依据以下步骤来做吧。无须购置昂贵的清洁用品，只需要一些小妙招。1 .解析：选 C 依据空前的 “Want to live in a perfectly clean environment and make it shine brightly? 和空后的“Then you will not need to purchase expensive cleaning products" 以及接下来列举的几条小妙招可知，C项“跟着以下步3聚做能起到承上启下的作用。2 .解析：选F 本段讲的是用可乐清洁厕所，故F项“不是喝掉可乐，而是用之清洁 马桶符合语境。3 .解析：选A 依据下文中的“Do not throw away those orange peels”可知，吃了橘子 后，稍等片刻，不要扔掉橘子皮，你可以用之清理不锈钢。所以选A。4 .角窣析：选 E 依据上文中的"Banana skins are rich in oils and have the right texture to do the task"可知香蕉皮富含油脂，材质也特别适合擦拭皮质，不会留下污痕或划痕。所以选E。5 .角窣析：选 B 依据下文中的 “ you can make your own product that is cheap and non-toxic （无毒的）.” “Use it to clean windows and mirrors. Make your glass surfaces clean and shiny" 可知，本段讲的是如何自制玻璃清洁剂，故B项符合语境。111 .完形填空Conservationists are breeding （t可养）lions in the Southern African nation of Zimbabwe. The wildlife experts hope to increase the lion population to keep the great cats from I .In some areas, lions and human beings are 2 control of land. Researchers believe something must be done quickly to 3 the animals.The African Lion and Environmental Research Trust （ALERT） has more than 1004 in its breeding program. Antelope Park Farm is one of two sites ALERT operates in Zimbabwe.Gary Jones heads the Antelope Park Farm. He says ALERT has bee involved 5 a sharp drop in the number of lions. His group believes this has been § mainly by humans. There are more people moving to this area every year. The lions have 7 land on which to live.Gary Jones says the decrease in the lion population affects the whole 8 . He adds that other African nations are also seeing the 9 effects of this.There are countries, 10 in central and north Africa, where the lion population has reached a(n) 11 level. Burundi, a country of east-central Africa, for instance, does not have lions in its national parks. It 12 wants to have lions reintroduced back into its national parks. The reason is that when you take the lion out of the equation (平衡)，suddenly you get all 13 things start happening with the balance of 14 . For example, you get too many prey (猎物) species, like giraffes and zebras.The United Nations9 Food and Agriculture Organization says 15 animals are threatened when farmers try to 16 their plants or animals.Rene Czudek works for the UN agency. He says his organization has 17 a human-wildlife tool kit (成套工具)that some countries are using to reduce 18 between humans and wildlife. "In fact, the tool kit is a kind of instrument that extension workers can use with the 19 explain to them how wildlife behaves, and then show them what the riskybehaviors are, and how they should 20 their fields accordingly, Mr. Czudek said.语篇解读:本文是说明文。生态爱护者设法爱护非洲的狮子。1. B. attackingC. changingD. arriving解析：选A 由上文的“increase the lion population”可推断，野生动物爱护专家盼望增 加狮子的数量以防止狮子“消逝(disappearing)"。2. forB.cheering forC.peting forD.looking for解析：选C 在一些地方，狮子和人类正在“竞争(peting for)”对土地的掌握。3. A.trainB.observeC.catchD.save解析：选D 由第四段中的“a sharp drop in the number of lions”可推断，争论人员认为 必需尽快实行措施“挽救(save)狮子。4. B.lionsC.zebrasD.antelopes解析：选B 由文章开头的“breeding (饲养)lions"可知答案。5. ofB.because ofC. in place ofD. in spite of解析：选B 由于狮子数量骤减，所以ALERT要爱护它们。应选becauseof。6. B. studiedC. causedD. prevented解析：选 C 由下文的“There are more people moving to this area every year"可推断，狮 子数量削减主要是人类“造成(caused)”的。7. B. worseC moreD. better解析：选 A 由上文的“There are more people moving to this area every year”可推断，狮 子赖以生存的土地削减了。应选less。8. B. backgroundC. industryD. position解析：选 A 由下段末的“you get too many prey (猎物)species, like giraffes and zebras” 可推断，狮子数量削减影响整个“自然环境(environment)”。9. B. possibleC. magicalD. disastrous解析：选D 由下段可知，其他非洲国家也看到了狮子数量削减所带来的“灾难性的 (disastrous)影响。10. B.finallyC. graduallyD.particularly解析：选D参见下题解析。11. B.worryingC. reasonableD.necessary解析：选B 在一些国家，“尤其(particularly)”是位于非洲中部和北部的国家，狮子 数量已经到达了 “令人担忧的(worrying)”地步。12. B.simplyC. naturallyD.desperately解析：选D 布隆迪“极度(desperately)”想将狮子再次引入到国家公园。13. B.similarC. strangeD.ideal解析：选 C 由下文的 “you get too many prey (猎物)species, like giraffes and zebras”可 知,没有狮子会导致一系列“惊奇的(strange)“事情发生。14. B. bodyD. tradeC. power解析：选A 由下文所举的猎物增多的例子可推断，此处是说“自然生态平衡。应选nature o15.B. wildC. largeD. trapped解析：选 B由下文的"when farmers try to their plants or animals”可推断，此处是说“野生的(wild)动物受到威逼。16.B. moveC. useD improve解析：选A 农夫设法“爱护(protect)”他们的植物或动物。17. up withC. e up withB. caught up withD - kept up with解析：选C Rene Czudek所在的组织已经“制造出(e up with)” 一套缓解人类和野生生 物冲突的工具。18.B. distanceC. speedD. conflict解析：选 D 由下文的“explain to them how wildlife behaves, and then show them what the risky behaviors are, and how 可知，这套工具可以用来缓解人类和野生生物之间的“冲突 (conflict)，zo19. B. workersC. gardenersD. experts解析：选A 由下文可知，这套工具是供推广人员向“农夫(farmers)”宣扬有关环保学 问时使用的。20. B. waterC. findD. plan解析：选D 上文屡次提到狮子(或野生生物)和人类争夺土地，因此，要缓解二者之间 的冲突就需要教育农夫如何规划他们的土地。N .语法填空Global warming refers to the fact that the Earth9 s atmosphere is warming near 1 (it) surface in other words, it's getting hotter. Some scientists say it is human activity 2 has caused global warming. However, there are other theories as well.One popular theory relates to the "greenhouse effect” . Gases that make up the atmosphere are similar to 3 greenhouse because they allow sunlight 4 (pass) through, and then trap much of the heat from 5 (escape), This naturally occurring phenomenon, § is called greenhouse warming, keeps the earth5 s surface 7 (warm) than it would be.While scientists agree that human produced pounds (化合物)like carbon dioxide and others are being released into the atmosphere, some argue it's not clear how this results 8 the changes in temperature.Global warming can 9 (great) affect human life on many levels. Scientists have made great 10 (contribute) to finding out how long the earth has been warming, at what rate it is warming, and what factors are causing it. These answers may better prepare people to handle its effects.语篇解读：全球气候变暖对人们的生活有很大的影响。而造成全球变暖的缘由主要是人 类活动。its 考查形容词性物主代词。设空处修饰surface,表示“它的，故填故。2. that考查强调句。say后的从句是强调句，被强调局部为human activity,故填that。3. a 考查不定冠词。greenhouse是可数名词，且在此表示泛指，故填a。4. to pass考查动词不定式作宾语补足语的用法。allow sb./sth. to do “允许某人或某 物做某事。5. escaping 考查动词-ing形式作宾语的用法。设空处作from的宾语，且heat与escape 之间是规律上的主谓关系，故填escaping。6. which 考查关系代词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代主句的内容，且在从句 中作主语，故填which。7. warmer考查形容词比拟级。由设空处后的than可知，此处应用比拟级，故填warmero8. in 考查介词。resultin意为“导致”。9. greatly 考查副词。设空处作状语，修饰affect,故填greatly。10. contributions 考查名i司。make great contributions to (doing) “为估攵出 巨大奉献。V .短文改错As the saying goes, chance favored the prepared learned this from one of my experience.I was not chosen as member of the volleyball team of our of this, I decided to give up play , my best friend stopped me but pointed out that it was my laziness and poor preparation which led to my that, I practiced playing volleyball on every another chance of trying out arrived, I was full prepared and tried my a result, I was selected and became an important player on our school team.From this, I am firmly convincing that we are able to seize a chance as long as I get well prepared.答案： 第一句：favoredfavors其次句：experience->experiences第三句：as后加a第四句：playf playing第五句：buff and; which->that第六句：去掉on第七句：full-fully第九句：convincingconvinced; 其次个 1 we