2022-2022学年辽宁省沈阳市高一上学期期末质量监测英语试题(解析版).docx

2022-2022学年辽宁省沈阳市高一上学期期末质量监测英语试题注意事项：1 .答卷前，考生务势必自己的姓名、考号填写在答题卡上。2 .选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干 净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。3 .考试结束后，考生将答题卡交回。第一部份：听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂 到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选 项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读 下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例： How much is the shirt?A. £19.15 B. £9.18 C. £9.15答案是Co1. When will the woman finish work?A. At 5:45 p.m. B. At 6:00 p.m. C. At 8:00 p.m.2. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a classroom. B. In a library. C. In a bookstore.3. Which news does the woman like to read?A. Technology news. B. Social news. C. Education news.4. How might the weather be tomorrow?A. Rainy. B. Snowy. C. Cloudy.5. Why did the man quit his job?A. To go to school. B. To start his own business. C. To work for his father.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或者独白。每段对话或者独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个 选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或者独白前，你将有时间阅读各 个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或者独白读 两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。overweight and low in spirits and do poorly in school.”（因为研究表明，睡眠不足的青少年更容易超重、情绪 低落，并且在学校表现不佳。）可知，青少年睡眠不足会导致肥胖和精神低落，这是很重要的问题，不是琐 碎的小事。故选B项。【13题详解】细节理解题。 由第三段“One study found that later start times might mean just an additional "15 minutes per night” Of sleepy（一项研究发现，较晚的开始时间可能只意味着额外的“每晚15分钟”睡眠。）可知，者仅仅意味 着每晚额外15分钟的睡眠时间，说明15分钟时间不够。故选D项。【14题详解】推理判断题。 由第四段“The Brookings Institution found that later school start times were followed by "a significant increase” in test scores.”（布鲁金斯学会发现,开学时间越晚，考试成绩就会“显着增加”。）可知,学校晚上 学，学生考试成绩就会提高，而学校晚上学，学生就有更多的时间睡觉，睡眠就会更充足。故选C项。【15题详解】推理判断题。由第四段“The proof is in, and it leads to only one decision: "Start school later.（证据就在这里， 它只导致一个决定：“稍后开始上学。吟可知，证据都指向了“晚上学”的好处。故选A项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。The Chinese Spring FestivalThe Chinese Spring Festival is regarded as the most significant festival of the year among the Chinese.16There are a number of things people usually do before the Chinese Spring Festival. One of these is cleaning the house for the Lunar New Year. Dust makes people think of old things. 17. Another important custom is to decorate their doors with red couplets. The phrases on the couplets express hopes for a new year.The most important custom of the Chinese Spring Festival is the big family dinner on the eve of the Lunar New Year. This is usually a big reunion of grandparents, parents, and children. 18. That is why millions ofChinese people travel long distances to get home before the eve of the Lunar New Year.When the New Year comes, there are many interesting festival activities such as "lucky money in red envelopes or greetings with “Xinnian Hao" or “Gongxi Facai, . Another part of this custom of is to pay visits to relatives and bring them gifts. 19. In addition, friends and family go out to enjoy loud and colourful fireworks, spendtime at temple fairs, and watch exciting dragon and lion dances.20.It is a special occasion to return home and reunite with family members. This deeply rootedtradition has been a necessary part of Chinese culture for a very long time and will continue to live forever in thehearts of the Chinese people.A. Commonly exchanged gifts include food, wine or teaB. They are occasions that allow us to relax and enjoy lifeC. It reflects people's wishes, beliefs, faiths, and attitudes towards lifeD. It reflects how important family is to Chinese people around the worldE. It lasts 15 days but the days of preparation beforehand are considered importantF. Therefore, sweeping dust is a way of saying goodbye to the old and hello to the newG. The Chinese Spring Festival symbolizes a farewell to the old and a welcome to the new【答案】16.E17. F 18. D 19. A 20. G【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了中国传统节日春节。介绍了年前的习俗以及春节期间的习俗。【16题详解】根据前文 “The Chinese Spring Festival is regarded as the most significant festival of the year among the Chinese （中国春节是一年中最重要的节日）”，以及后文 uThere are a number of things people usually do before theChinese Spring Festival.（在春节前，人们通常要做不少的事情）”可知，此空承上起下。承接上文，进一步 介绍春节持续15天，并引出下文的节日前的准备，故选项E It lasts 15 days but the days of preparation beforehand are considered important.（它持续15天，但事先准备的时间被认为是重要的）符合题意，故选E项。【17题详解】根据空前 “One of these is cleaning the house for the Lunar New Year. Dust makes people think of old things.（其 中一件就是打扫房子。因为灰尘让人们想起旧的东西）”可知，F项“Therefore, sweeping dust is a way of saying goodbye to the old and hello to the new （因此，打扫灰尘是一种对辞旧迎新的方式）”符合题意，是前文的顺 承，dust是关键词。故选F项。【18题详解】根据后文 “That is why millions of Chinese people travel long distances to get home before the eve of the Lunar NewYear.（这也就是为什么在新年前夕，几百万的中国人会不远万里回到家团聚）”可知，春节对中国来说非常 重要，故 D 项 ult reflects how important family is to Chinese people around the world （它反映了对于中国人来 说，家庭是多么重要）”符合题意，故选D项。【19题详解】根据前文 uAnother part of this custom of is to pay visits to relatives and bring them gifts.（风俗的另一部份就是 去拜访亲戚，并给他们带礼物）”可知，下文应陈述带什么礼物是合乎习俗的。A项“Commonlyexchanged g曲s include food, wine or tea （通常互送的礼物包括食物、酒和茶）”符合题意，进一步说明是哪些礼物，故选A项。【20题详解】根据前文对春节风俗喜欢的介绍可知，此空位于文章的最后一段，为总结段，故G项“The Chinese Spring Festival symbolizes a farewell to the old and a welcome to the new （春节象征着辞旧迎新）”符合，且根据后文 uIt is a special occasion to return home and reunite with family members.（它是与家人团聚的重要时亥J） ” 中的it 指代的名词 uThe Chinese Spring Festivar,故选 G 项。第三部份语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空内处的最佳选项。As Norwood drove through the street, the laughter and chatter from the four teenage girls inside her car quickly gave way to screams. As they 21 a crossing, another car T-boned them, sending theirs 22 into a tree.As23 rose from the car, a bystander shouted, “It's about to explode! Shaken, but OK, she24 herself through the window and ran for her life with two of her friends.But halfway down the street, she 25 that her best friend, Simmons, wasn't together. Norwoodran back and found Simmons in the back seat and not 26 , She threw open the back door and 27 her friend, avoiding the broken glass. She dragged Simmons a few feet and laid her on the 28 . “I checked her pulse and put my head 29 her chest. No sign of life. "That's when I started CPR （心肺复苏术）Kneeling on the grass and looking down at her 30 friend, Norwood knew she had little time.She 31 Simmons's chest with her fingers and breathed into her friend's mouthto fill her32 with the kiss of life. And after the 30th compression （胸部按压），Simmons began coughing for33 . The CPR worked!Soon, doctors arrived and 34 Simmons to the hospital. And then she heard how her best friend hadsaved her life. CI wasn't 35:' Simmons said. "She will always help any way she can.”21.A.approachedB. blockedC.missedD.designed22.A.comingB.flowingC.crashingD.transforming23.A.bloodB.smokeC.windD.oil24.A.recoveredB.deliveredC.dressedD.freed25.A.admittedB.realizedC.understoodD.forgot26.A.breathingB.survivingC.lyingD.moving27.A.put outB.sent outC.pulled outD.threw out28.A.platformB.grassC.trackD.edge29A.overB.beyondC.againstD.above30.A.dyingB.starvingC.dangerousD.energetic31.A.measuredB.examinedC.touchedD.pumped32.A.lungsB.mouthC.heartD.chest33.A.comfortB.loveC.airD.water34.A.followedB.forcedC.persuadedD.rushed35.A.afraidB.amazedC.ashamedD.aware【答案】21. A22. C23. B 24. D25. B26. D 27. C28. B29. CD32. A 33. C34.D 35. B【解析】30. A 31.他们的车撞上了一棵树，Norwood【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述Norwood开车时，为了逃避一辆卡车, 跪在草坪上，给朋友做心肺复苏，救了自己的朋友。21题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：当他们挨近十字路口的时候，一辆车垂向他们开来，为了逃避这辆车，他们撞上了 一棵树。A. approached 挨近；B. blocked 阻塞，挡住；C. missed 错过；D. designed 设计。根据后文 “another car T-boned them （另一个辆车向他们垂直开来）”可知，他们正经过十字路口时，故选A。【22题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：句意：当他们挨近十字路口的时候，一辆车垂向他们开来，为了逃避这辆车，他们撞上了一棵树。A. coming过来；B. flowing流向；C. crashing撞上；D. transforming转变，转化。根据后文“a bystander shouted, “It，s about to explode!”（旁边的路人大喊道：'要爆炸了 '）”可知，他们的车是撞到 了树上，出车祸了，故选Co【23题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：当烟雾从车里冒出来是，旁边的一个路人喊道：“要爆炸了”。A. blood血；B. smoke 烟雾；C. wind 风；D.oil 油。根据后文 “a bystander shouted, “It's about to explode!”（旁边的路人大喊道： '要 爆炸了 '可知，是车冒烟了，故选Bo【24题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：Shaken从车窗爬出来，与两个朋友一起逃生。A. recovered恢复，痊愈；B. delivered递送；C. dressed 穿着；D. freed 逃离，逃脱。根据后文 “through the window and ran for her 肝ew此 two of her friends"可知，他是从车窗里逃脱出来，故选D。【25题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：但跑到一半，他意识到他最好的朋友Simmons还没有逃出来。A. admitted承认；B.realized 意识至U； C. understood 理解； D. forgot。根据后文 u Norwood ran back and found Simmons in the back seat （Norwood跑回去发现Simmons在后排座）”可知，他们意识到了朋友还在车里，故选B。【26题详解】考查动词辨析。句意:Norwood跑回去发现Simmons在后排座，一动不动。A. breathing呼吸；B. surviving 幸存，避免；C.lying 躺着；D. moving 挪移。根据后文 “She dragged Simmons a few feet （她拖了 Simmons 英尺）”可知，Simmons在后排座失去了意识，故选D。【27题详解】考查短语辨析。句意：他打开后排门，把Simmons小心地拖出来，避免被玻璃划伤。A. put out扑灭；B. sent out发送；C. pulled out拖出，拉出；D. threw out扔出。根据前文Simmons失去了意识，一动不动可知，止匕 处表Simmons将从车里拉出来，故选C。【28题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：她拖着Simmons走了几英尺，然后让他躺在草坪上。A. platform平台；B. grass草坪；C track小路，小道；D. edge边缘。根据后文“ Kneeling on the grass （跪在草地上）”可知，此处表让Kneeling on the grass躺在草坪上，故选B。【29题详解】考查介词辨析。句意：我检查他的脉搏，把头靠在他们的胸口。A. over在上面；B. beyond超出；C. against靠着；D. above在上面（悬空）。根据后文我发现Simmons没有了生命迹象，故此处表示靠在胸口，故选Co【30题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：跪在地上，看着他奄奄一息的朋友，Norwood知道他没有太多的时间了。A. dying 奄奄一息的；B. starving饥饿的；C.dangerous危（wei）险的；D.energetic精力充沛的。根据前文“No sign of life.（没有了生命迹象）”可知，此处表示Simmons已经奄奄一息了，故选A。31题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：他用手指按压Simmons的胸，并对他做人工呼吸。A. measured测量；B. examined检 查；C.touched摸，触碰；D. pumped （上下）快速反复运动。根据前文“That's when I started CPR僦在那 时，我开始做心肺复苏）”可知，此处表做心肺复苏时的按压胸口，故选D。【32题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：她开始按压Simmons的胸，并对他做人工呼吸，这是生命的一吻。A. lungs肺部；B. mouth嘴巴；C.heart心脏；D. chest胸口。根据前文可知，此处表示做人工呼吸是对着嘴吐气，让氧气进入到肺部里去，故选Ao【33题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：在30次的胸部按压之后，Simmons开始咳嗽，吸入空气。A. comfort舒适，安慰；B. love爱；C.air空气；D. water水。根据前文给他做心肺复苏可知，此处表Simmons被救活了，咳嗽起来，为了吸入空气，故选Co【34题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：很快，医生到了，将Simmons匆匆的送到了医院。A. followed尾随；B. forced强迫；C.persuaded劝说；D. rushed把(某人/某物)迅速送往。根据前文，给Simmons做了心肺复苏后，此时还 需要去医院做进一步的治疗，情况紧急，故匆匆将Simmons送到医院，故选D。【35题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：说道：“我并不惊讶，因为她是一个在任何时候都会伸出援助之手的人” o A. afraid 胆怯的；B. amazed惊讶的；C. ashamed羞愧的；D. aware知道的。根据Norwood冒着生命危(wei)险救卜 Simmons可知，Norwood是一个热心的人，故Simmons相信她肯定会就自己，并不感到惊讶，故选B。注意:请将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。第二节(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或者括号内单词的正确形式。Chinese Medicine FoodMedicine food is a unique cooking style in Chinese cuisine. It is a perfect ,36 (combine) of Chinese cooking and traditional Chinese medicine to get the effects of health keeping. It is a skillful application of the yin and yang (阴 B日)theory37 . (strength) the function of food and herbs.The Chinese sort each type of vegetable and meat in terms of yin and yang, and combine vegetables with meat, 38 will make each cooked dish balanced.During the 5th century BC, cooks created cuisines with medical values and developed Chinese art of cooking,39(use) the nature of food to balance the diet There were rules on how to arrange daily diet and lists of certain herbs and vegetables beneficial 40 the body.By the Song dynasty, 41 was recorded that many diseases could be cured through proper diet.Different foods were sorted according to their original nature. Cold foods 42 (believe) to remove fever while warm foods reduce running noses.Knowing the nature of individual foods 43(enable) the Chinese to eat right food to protect44(vary) of inside organs and balance the yin and yang of the body. For example, sour food eases some disorders. 45 (slight) sweet food relieves illness related to the veins and bitter food helps to cure an overheated body.【答案】36. combination37. to strengthen38. which 39. using40. to 41. it42. were believed43. enables44. varieties45. Slightly【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国的药膳的益处和历史。36题详解】考查名词。句意：它是中餐与中药的完美结合，达到养生保健的效果。perfect形容词修饰名词。combination 作表语。故填combinationo【37题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：它是对阴阳理论的巧妙应用，以增强食物和草药的功能。应用阴阳理论的目的是增强功能，to do不定式表达目的，strength的动词形式是strengthen故填to strengtheno38题详解】考查定语从句。句意：中国人对每一种蔬菜和肉类进行阴阳分类，把蔬菜和肉类结合起来，这样每道菜都 会平衡。这个非限制性定语从句的先行词是逗号前面的一整句话，且从句缺主语，故用指物且能做主语的 关系代词。故填which o39题详解】考查动词。句意：公元前5世纪，厨师创造了具有医学价值的菜肴，发展了中国烹饪艺术，利用食物的性 质来平衡饮食。本句已有谓语，故此处用非谓语，use和句子主语cooks之间是主动关系。故填usingo40题详解】考查介词。句意：关于如何安排日常饮食以及某些对身体有益的草药和蔬菜的清单有规定。be beneficial to：对有益。故填to。41题详解】考查代词。句意：到了宋代，据记载，许多疾病可以通过适当的饮食来治愈。此处it做形式主语，真正的 主语是后面that引导的从句。故填ito【42题详解】考查时态语态。句意：人们认为冷食可以退烧，而热食可以减少流鼻涕。此句主语是Cold foods指物，谓语动词用被动，又结合上下文可知这里描述的是过去发生的动作，用普通过去时。故填were believed。【43题详解】考查动词。句意：了解个别食物的性质，使中国人能够吃对食物，以保护内部器官的多样性，平衡身体的阴阳。此句Knowing the nature of individual foods是现在分词短语做主语，主语为单数，结合下文可知时态 用普通现在时。故填enableso【44题详解】考查名词。句意：了解个别食物的性质，使中国人能够吃对食物，以保护内部器官的多样性，平衡身体的 阴阳。varieties of：各种各样的。故填varieties。【45题详解】考查副词。句意：微甜的食物可以缓解与静脉有关的疾病，而苦味的食物有助于治愈过热的身体。sweet是形容词，应该用副词修饰。置于句首，首字母大写。故填Slightly。第四部份写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假定你是学生李华，2022年12月9日参加了学校举办的冬季长跑比赛。请你为学校英语报社写一篇 报导，内容包括：1 .比赛目的；2 .比赛过程；3 .比赛感受。汪思：1 .写作词数应为80摆布；2 ,请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Long-distance Race was a Success【答案】Possible Version:Long-distance Race was a SuccessIn order to enrich our campus life, a long-distance race was held in our school on December 9th, 2022.Together with the students from twenty classes, I signed up for the race. We set out at 9 am from the gate of our school, through a nearby Park, and finally returned to our school. The race proved a success and to my happiness, I came in third place.Through the race, we felt that not only did the event improve our physical and psychological quality, but it also helped us build a positive attitude towards life.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求学生写一篇报导，介绍学校举办的冬季长跑比赛，介绍比赛的目 的、过程以及作者的感受。【详解】1 ,词汇积累:为了 ： in order to-so as tofor the sake of令某人高兴的是：to one's happiness，。one's delight-*to one's pleasure提高：improvef enhance -boost -promote 积极的： positivef activef optimistic2 ,句式拓展：变化句式原句： We set out at 9 am from the gate of our school, through a nearby Park, and finally returned to our school.拓展句： Setting out at 9 am from the gate of our school, we went through a nearby Park, and finally returned to our school.【点睛】 【高分句型 11 Through the race, we felt that not only did the event improve our physical and psychological quality, but it also helped us build a positive attitude towards life.（这句话使用 了 not only.but also 的倒装句。）【高分句型 2 In order to enrich our campus life, a long-distance race was held in our school on December 9th, 2022. （这句话使用了动词不定式作目的状语。） 第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。I met Bosco in the remote wilderness near Mount Robson. At the end of a long day of backpacking, I had put up my tent beside a river and was preparing to catch supper. Then I looked up, and there he was: an enormous black bear, slowly circling within 30 yards.He wasn't Bosco to me yet, and I viewed his presence with