2023届高考英语阅读理解专练（8）历史文化类.docx

（8）历史文化类Professional courses, such as Masters in International Business or MIB, have been taken by many students in the last two decades. They are choosing new- age unconventional courses that guarantee a better future. MIB is a specialized course that teaches the international business. There are solid reasons for so much popularity of MIB course.The course content and teaching methods of MIB differ from a normal MBA or Master of Business Administration. Il has been designed with the objective of developing professionals with an in-depth understanding and knowledge of the international trade. The course offers various advantages over the conventional MBA degree course.The massive increase in ihe international business and foreign trade gives excellent job prospects to the new generation. Acquiring a degree of MIB offers outstanding growth of job opportunities. Those who want to pursue in the field of marketing also have a good future after completing the degree from a MIB college with a good reputation. Big multinational organizations look for talented people who can handle the job of International Marketing Manage, and people with MIB degrees are preferred. The job needs an in- depth understanding of the overseas markets, because it is the strategic post from the aspect of company's international business growth.Since business finance and economics are covered at length in the courses of MIB, students have great job offers in the field of finance as well. Typically, organizations offer the position of international finance controllers to those who complete MIB with the specialization of finance. The specialization covers aspects of international taxes, accounts, budgeting and so on. People in this field are well-paid, and growth prospects are unlimited. After completing degree course from a reputed MIB college, there is a good opportunity in the banking and finance field as well. International banks appoint people who have an excellent grasp over the international banking policies, currency exchange, and international policies. Thus, MIB is the golden key to success with brilliant job opportunities in national and multinational areas.1 .How is the second paragraph mainly developed?A.By analyzing causes.B. By proving definition.C.By making comparisons.D. By providing examples.D. It is regarded as a match for Mona Lisa.27 . What is the purpose of paragraph 4?A. To introduce the subject of the painting.B. To show techniques used in the painting.C. To explain the artistic value of the painting.D. To uncover the mystery behind the painting.28 .How does Tracy comment on Girl with a Pearl Earring?A. By citing a theory.B. By giving a definition.C. By offering an example.D. By making a comparison.八、To complete the great map of the world was a strong passion for the people of early civilizations. Marco Polo's tales inspired European explorers to search fbr sea routes from west to east. However, merchants search for sea routes from west to east. However, merchants and explorers from the East set sail from east to west many years before Columbus first did.In ancient times, silk from China found its way overland to India, the Middle East, and Rome, along what became known as the Silk Road. A trading route across the sea was also extended along the coasts of the Indian Ocean, centred around Ceylon (now Sri Lanka). Here, merchants from China and many other places met to negotiate trade deals, which also led to more awareness of each other's cultures. Over the centuries, further trading allowed more exploration of the regions to the west China.Later, the Ming Dynasty further developed relations with these regions. Between 1405 and 1433, seven large fleets sailed west on voyages of trade and exploration. These fleets were a sight to behold and were in a league of their own at that time. Under the command of Zheng He, they set sail from the South China Sea across the Indian Ocean to the mouth of the Red Sea, and then to the east coast of Africa. African royal families sent gifts such as giraffes as gestures of friendship in return for gold, silk, and spices. Although China withdrew from further expeditions after 1433, these land and sea routes remained active channels between other cultures for centuries.To reach out across the sea remains a strong desire today. The ancient sea routes travelled by Zheng He are being revisited with the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road, which is part of the Belt and Road Initiative. The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas, and strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world. Trading has grown greatly in recent years, and will continue to do so in years to come.29 .How is the passage developed?A. Cause and effect.B. Time sequence.C. Problem and solution.D. Compare and contrast.30 . Which word can be used to describe Zheng He's fleets?A. Impressive. B. Worrisome. C. Aggressive. D. Fearful.31 .Which is Not the purpose of the Belt and Road Initiative?A. To expand China's territorial area on the ocean.B. To promote communication with other countries.C. To strengthen further cooperation with other countriesD. To encourage trade across the historic Silk Road areas.32. Which is the best title of the text?A. The Maritime Silk RoadB. The great map of the worldC. Reaching out across the seaD. The Belt and Road Initiative答案以及解析1 .答案：C解析：推理判断题。根据第二段 The course content and teaching methods of M1B differ from a normal MBA or Master of Business Administration.（MIB 的课程内容和 教学方法与普通的MBA或工商管理硕士有很大的不同）和The course offers various advantages over the conventional MBA degree course.（与传统的 MBA 学位 课程相比，该课程提供了各种优势）可知,本段中主要通过对比MIB和MBA课程 之间的区别来组织全文的。故选C。2 .答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段Big multinational organizations look for talented people who can handle the job profile of International Marketing Manage, and people with MIB degrees are preferred.（大型跨国组织寻找能够处理国际营销 管理工作的人才,有MIB学位的人优先考虑）可知,很多大型国际组织更喜欢聘 用有MIB学位人才,这是越来越多的人学习MIB课程的主要原因。故选Bo 3.答案：B解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段 Since business finance and economics are covered at length in the courses of MIB, students have great job offers in the field of finance as well. Typically, organizations offer the position of international finance controllers to those who complete MIB with the specialization of finance.（由于商'也 金融和经济学在MIB的课程中有很长的篇幅,学生们在金融领域也有很好的工 作机会。通常情况下,组织会向那些完成金融专业化MIB的人提供国际金融控 制员的职位）可知,M1B课程中含有商业金融方面的课程,而很多机构会把国际金 融控制师的工作给这些完成MIB学位的人，说明国际金融控制师是一份高质量 的工作。故选B。4 .答案:D解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段Professional courses, such as Masters in International Business or MIB, have been taken by many students in the last two decades. They are choosing new-age unconventional courses that guarantee a better future. MIB is a specialized course that teaches the international business. There are solid reasons for so much popularity of MIB course.（在过去的二十年中，许多学生 选修了国际商务硕士或MIB等专业课程。他们正在选择新时代的非传统课程， 以保证更好的未来。MIB是一门教授国际商务的专业课程。MIB课程如此受欢 迎是有充分理由的）可知,现在MIB课程越来越受欢迎。故选Do«、5 .答案：C解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Anthony Doerfs new bestseller, All the Light We Cannot See, holds special appeal for me.（安东尼多尔的最新畅销书我 们看不见的光对我有着特殊的吸引力。）”以及第二段“In fact, my first attempt to read it last month ended with me putting it aside and going to find something easier, lighter and less descriptive to read. But this book is built on beautiful imagery. Both in the literal sense - the physical world of 1940s Paris and Germany, and the metaphorical （隐喻性的）sensescientific and philosophical references to light, to seeing and not seeing, and the differences between the two.（事实上，上个月我第一次 尝试读它的时候，我把它放在一边，去找一些更简单、更轻松、描述性更少的书来 读。但这本书是建立在美丽的意象之上的。无论是在字面意义上一2（）世纪40 年代的巴黎和德国的物理世界，还是在隐喻意义上一对光的科学和哲学参考，看到 和看不到，以及两者之间的差异。）”可知，在作者看来，这部书很吸引人，同时乂极 具描述性。故选C。6 .答案：D解析：推理判断题。根据第三段"However, when we get into the meat of this World War II novel, it's also an upsetting story of a childhood tom apart by war."（然而，当我 们进入这本二战小说的核心部分时，它也是一个关于被战争撕裂的童年的令人沮 丧的故事。）根据第三段“Both of their stories are told with sensitivity and sympathy, each one forced down a path by their personal circumstances and by that destructive monster-war.（他们俩的故事都充满了敏感和同情，每个人都被他们的个人环境和 毁灭性的怪物战争逼上了一条路。户可知，这两个人的童年都很悲惨。故选D。7 .答案：C解析：推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Both of their stories are told with sensitivity and sympathy, each one forced down a path by their personal circumstances and by that destructive monster-war.（他们俩的故事都充满 了敏感和 同情，每个人都被他们的个人环境和毁灭性的怪物战争逼上了一条路。户以及最 后一段“These two lives we are introduced to seem to be worlds apart, and yet they come together and influence one another. It was this, more than the predictably awful tale of war, that made me feel quite emotional.（我们被介绍的这两种生活似乎是两 个不同的世界，但他们走到一起，互相影响。正是这一点，而不是那些可以预见的 可怕的战争故事,让我感到非常激动。户可知，打动作者的正是这种人物相互关联 的命运。故选C。8 .答案：A解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Anthony Doerr's new bestseller, All the Light We Cannot See, holds special appeal for me. That's how I would describe it. From the poetic language, to the realization of what the tile actually means: that underneath the surface of history, there is light that has not been seen, and stories that have gone untold.（安东尼多尔的最新畅销书我们看不见的光对我有着特殊 的吸引力。这就是我对它的描述。从诗意的语言，到意识到标题的真正含义:在历 史的表面下，有未被看到的光,和未被讲述的故事。）''以及最后一段“I think this is the kind of book you will never appreciate if you stop too soon-I learned that lesson. From the first to last page, there is a theme of invisible lines running parallel（平行 的）lo one another and sometimes, just sometimes, crossing in the strangest way.我认 为这是一本书，如果你停得太快,你就永远不会欣赏它一我学到了这一课。从第一 页到最后一页，有一个主题是看不见的线彼此平行运行，有时，只是有时，以最奇怪 的方式交叉。）”可知,文章的目的是分享作者对一本书的感受。故选A。、9 .答案:D解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中"They will meet periodically over the next couple of years to identify and define new sports terms.（他们将在未来几年定期开 会，以确定利定义新的体育术语）“可知，一群语言专家会决定一些新的体育术 语。故选D。10 .答案：B解析：词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Julie Neveux, linguistics professor at Sorbonne University in Paris, said anglicisms are 'sometimes estimated at just under 5% of the present vocabulary'”以及后文 “They are particularly present in sports competitions and events, during which athletes from around the world are used to communicating in English.（它们尤其出现在体育比赛和活动中，在这些比赛中， 来自世界各地的运动员习惯于用英语交流。）”可知，巴黎索邦大学的语言学教 授Julie Neveux说，anglicisms ”有时估计在现有词汇中只占不到5%,但它们令 人不安，因为anglicisms表明，我们遵循的是一种经济和文化模式，而不是我 们自己的模式。''故they指的是“anglicisms”,故选B。11 .答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“'Similar committees have been put in place in the past, but nothing has changed so far （过去也有类似的委员会，但到目 前为止没有任何改变）可知，以前阻止英语渗透到法语的努力结果是徒劳的。 故选Ao12 .答案：C解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段"'There are far fewer anglicisms in French than there are French words in English/ said Neveux, adding these exchanges should not be seen as a threat, 'All living languages exist by borrowing from each other. Languages only exist thanks to their impurity/ （法语中的英语词汇远远少于英语 中的法语单词。Neveux补充说，这些交换不应被视为威胁。所有现存的语言都 是通过相互借鉴而存在的。语言之所以存在，是因为它们存在不纯性。）”可推 知，Neveux对语言的不纯性持肯定态度。故选C。四、13 .答案:B解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的“Lacaton and Vassal apply a belief.to their work on old urban buildings”可知，第二段暗含了他俩的工作原则，故选B。 14.答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的“never destroy, never remove or replace, always add, transform, and reuse”以及 第三段的"There's a lot of violence in architecture. We try to be accurate. We try to work with kindness.”可知,他们在建筑工作中， 更多的是改进，而不是拆掉目建筑，故选C。15 .答案:D解析：推理判断题。第四段中通过描述Lacaton和Vasss对公共住房经过一些改 进实现了修缮旧房屋的目的证明了改进老旧房屋的可能性。故选D。16 .答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段的"It's not the building It's the absence of social services and lack of repair to buildings that made living in public housing impossible for residents.“可知，Wilson认为人们拆掉旧房屋,是因为他们缺乏社会服务意 识，故选C。五、17 .答案：B解析：词句猜测题。根据该画线词所在句以及后文"However, ten years ago, this distinctive technique was close to disappearing completely.（然而，十年前，这种独特的 技术几乎完全消失）”可知，该句与后文形成转折，指的是十年前这种独特的技艺几 近完全消失，然而随着最近一部电视剧的播出，这一技艺乂“走红，流行起来”。故 选B项。18 .答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的"There are over a dozen steps, from grinding （碾碎）tea for fine powder to pouring boiled waler, stiring the mixture for thick froth, and finally drawing the patterns4从把茶叶磨成细粉到倒开水，再搅拌成浓泡沫，最 后画出图案,总共有十几个步骤厂可知，茶百戏的过程包括很复杂的制茶技术。故 选D项。19 .答案：C解析：主旨大意题。根据第三段中的"The importance of chabaixi is that not only this technique is unique in the world, but also it gives us a window into people's lifestyle in the Song Dynast.（茶百戏的重要性不仅在于它的技艺在世界上是独一 无二的，还在于它为我们了解宋代人们的生活方式提供了一扇窗）”可知，本段主要 讨论的是茶百戏的重要性。故选C项。2（）.答案：C解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段"This technique is key to the tea culture of the Song Dynasty, and it would be a shame to let it fade. This technique must be passed on to the next generations so they can understand its history（这是宋代茶文化的关键, 如果让它消失就太可惜了。这项技术必须传给下一代，这样他们才能了解它的历 史）”可知，他希望这项技艺可以传承下去。故选C项。六、21 .答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据第一段 Nowadays, if you walk through a wheat field, you basically see wheat is about knee-high, which is a consequence of selective breeding from the second half of the 20th cenlury.（如今，如果你走过一块麦田,你基木上会看 到小麦大约有膝盖那么高，这是20世纪下半叶选择性育种的结果）可知，我们可以 从德斯米特在第一段中的话中了解小麦在高度上经历了很大的变化。故选C。 22.答案：D解析：观点态度题。根据第三段 But Vergauwen said, "This is one of the best painters ever from that era. So if he paints it like that, that's the way it must have been."（但Vergauwen说：”这是那个时代最好的画家之一。所以如果他把它画成 那样，那就一定是那样的。"）可知,Vergauwen认为Frans Snyders画的西瓜是真实 的，表示支持。故选D。23 .答案：A解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段 The team hopes to set up an online research database of historical plant artwork. They create a social media hashtag （主题标签） for it.（该团队希望建立一个历史植物艺术品的在线研究数据库。他们为它创建 了一个社交媒体标签。）可知，社交媒体标签被创建是为了收集更多的与植物有关 的绘画作品。故选A。24 .答案：B解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段 Wheat is just one example of how historical artwork can help track the transformation of food crops over time.（d、麦只是历 史艺 术作品如何帮助追踪粮食作物随时间而变化的一个例子。）并结合全文内容可知, 通过以在大都会艺术博物馆展出的一幅1565年的绘画作品"The Harvesters”为例, 结合其它艺术作品，说明了可以通过过去的艺术作品了解当时的农业情况。故选 Bo七、25 .答案:A解析：细节理解题。根据 In the 17th century, the Netherlands experienced a period of artistic prosperity known as the Dutch Golden Age. During this period, artists found inspiration in Northern Renaissance painting techniques, contributing to masterpieces like Girl with a Pearl Easing by Johannes Vermeer.可知,Gi" with a Pearl Earring的创作是受到了文艺复兴时期艺术家绘画技巧的启发。故正确答 案为A。26 .答案:D解析：细节理解题。根据 Known as the ''Mona Lisa of the North", this painting represents the best of Dutch art and it has become one of art history's most beloved paintings.可知,Girl wifh a Pearl Earring被认为能和蒙娜丽莎媲美。故正确 答案为D。27 .答案：B解析：推理判断题。根据 Vermeer is known for his ability to create shapes and forms using light rather than line. This characteristic approach to modeling is particularly evident in Girl with a Pearl Earring. First, he would "invent", or create an initial drawing on the canvas. Then, he made a single colored underpainting. Next, he added color. And, finally, in order to make the piece extraordinarily bright, he would apply a thin layer of glaze to certain parts of the painting.可知，本段的主要目 的是介绍戴珍珠耳环的女孩这幅画使用到的技巧。故正确答案为B。28 .答案:D解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段Tracy所说的话"When you think about the Mona Lisa, she is also looking at us, but she isn't engaging一she's sitting back in the painting, self-contained," Tracy Chevalier, the author of the New York Times bestselling historica