高二英语外研版选修八讲义MODULE1SECTIONⅤ.docx

Section VWriting 一描述一个地方突破描述一个地方就是对某一地方的自然环境、人文特点、历史风貌等进行描述。写此类文章应留意以下几点：1 .内容一般包括该地方的位置、面积、人口、历史、气候、特产等。也可以适当地融 入人文风貌，简洁介绍当地的文化遗址、民间风俗及好玩的生活方式等。但是肯定要抓住该 地方的主要特色，这样才能给读者留下深刻的印象。2 .要遵循肯定的写作挨次。描述该地方的位置时，首先要找好中心点，再由近及远， 也可以先整体后局部，或依据肯定时间层次或空间层次。描述时可以适当使用过渡性连接词。3 .可以适当运用比方句式。形象的比方可以给读者展现一幅生动的画面。黄金表达：教你如何营造亮点1. China is a large country with a long history and a large population.2. The weather here is neither too cold in winter nor too hot in summer.3. It covers an area of about 14 million square kilometers, which makes up almost one tenth of the world's total land area.4. Its winter is very long, which lasts from April to October.5. It is so cold that very few plants can live there.6. Although there are no humans living there, it is rich in iron, coal, gas and other natural resources.题目要求请依据以下信息，写一篇文章介绍广州的根本状况，内容要包括以下几点：1 .广州有“花城的美誉。2 .有2 200多年的历是中国古代“海上丝绸之路的发祥地。3 .大约有人口 1 000万，面积7434平方千米。4 .旅游资源丰富，有闻名的“羊城八景，现以其迷人风采，吸引了来自世界各地的 海内外游客。参考词汇：发祥地birthplace；海上丝绸之路The Road of Silk on the Sea；羊城八景Guangzhou Hakkei要求：词数100左右。三步作文法第一步：搜寻词汇1.2.3.4.5.位于有的历史占面积被命名为 吸引be located/situated inwith a history ofcover an area of be named asappeal to/atlTact/draw one's attention to其次步：由词造句1 .依据汉语提示完成句子众所周知广州是一个漂亮的城市。It is well knownjhat Guangzhou is a city of much beauty.广州市占地7 434平方千米。According to creator Marco Zagaria, "After only 30 minutes, the temperature of the environment surrounding the Egloo will be increased between 2 and 3 degrees Celsius." Considering it runs on just four tealights, each with a burning time of about five hours, you can expect this little guy to make your room very warm and fortable for just around 10 cents per day.Egloo started crowd-funded through an Indiegogo campaign last year, blowing past its initial （最初的）goal of $ 30,000 and raking in $ 262,513 by the end of the campaign. It's currently available for purchase via the Egloo website, for anywhere between $ 50 and $ 100, depending on size, color and glaze. Considering some users pay that much for heat every couple of weeks, the price seems very attractive.语篇解读：本文为说明文。一款小小的依靠茶烛的力气就能够加热的加热器问世，它小 巧、本钱低，深受欢送。8. What is unique concerning Egloo?A. It uses the power of tealights.B It was developed by a student.C. It's made with 3D printing technology.D. No fancy switches make it more attractive.解析：选C 细节理解题。依据第三段中的Ubut Egloo is actually 3D-printed，/可知，它 独特的地方在于它是3D打印的。9. What should be cautious while using Egloo?A. Its space.B. Weight.C. Price.D. Temperature.解析：选D 细节理解题。依据第三段中的句子“Just make sure you don't touch it directly, as it tends to get pretty hot/7可知，在用茶烛时应当留神的是温度。10. The fourth paragraph mainly develops.A. by emphasizing the low cost of the EglooB - by showing the high demand of the EglooC. by listing the effectiveness of the EglooD. by encouraging people to own the Egloo解析：选C 推理推断题。第四段提到：只用三特别钟，它四周环境的温度就能够上升 两三度；只用四个茶蜡大约五个小时，房间就特别温和舒适，每天仅仅花费大约10美分。 由此可知本段主要通过列举其有效性绽开的。应选择C项。11. What is people's attitude towards the Indiegogo campaign last year?A. Curious.B. Favorable.C. Doubtful.D. Opposed.解析：选B 推理推断题。依据最终一段中的句子“Egloo started crowd-funded through an Indiegogo campaign last year, blowing past its initial goal of $ 30,000 and raking in $ 262,513 by the end of the campaign.,z可知,资金众筹的效果特别显著,公众特别支持，应选择B项。DResearchers say current exercise guidelines are unrealistic and argue that doctors should sometimes advise small increases in activity instead. They warn the 150-minute weekly target is beyond the reach of some people particularly older individuals. And trying to reach these goals could mean the benefits of lighter exercise are overlooked. But public health officials say current remendations have proven benefits in lowering the risk of heart disease.There is increasing evidence that inactivity is linked to heart disease, type 2 diabetes （糖尿病）and some types of cancer. UK guidelines for adults remend at least two-and-a-half hours of moderate activity a week, in short periods of 10 minutes or more.But in two separate articles in The BMJ, experts argue the message needs to change, with greater emphasis on making inactive people move more. Prof. Philipe de Souto Barreto at the UniversityHospital of Toulouse, advises people who are sedentary （久坐不动的）to make small increases in their activity levels rather than pushing to achieve current goals. He points to previous studies which show even short periods of walking or just 20 minutes of energetic activity a few times a month can reduce the risk of death, pared to people who do no exercise.In the second article, Prof. Philipe Sparkling of the Georgia Institute of Technology, says doctors should tailor their advice particularly for older patients. He suggests using GP visits for people over 60 to discuss "realistic options" to increase activity - such as getting people to stand up and move during TV mercial breaks.Prof. Kevin Fenton at Public Health England says, “ Everyone needs to be active every day short periods of 10 or more minutes of physical activity have proven health benefits, but getting 150 minutes or more of moderate activity every week is the amount we need to positively impact on a wide range of health conditions." This includes reducing the risk of heart disease and type 2 diabetes.语篇解读：本文主要争论了人们对现行熬炼指导原那么的不同看法。12. What is the current exercise goal mentioned in the passage?A 10-minute exercise.B , 20-minute exercise.C. 60-minute exercise.D - 150-minute exercise.解析：选D 细节理解题。依据第一段中的“They warn the 150-minute weekly target is beyond the reach of some people 一 particularly older individuals'" 及"And trying to reach these goals"可知，现行的熬炼目标是每周150分钟的运动量，应选D。13. What can we learn from the second paragraph?A. 10-minute exercise has little effect on the health.B Heart disease happens easily to the old in activity.C. Two-and-a-half hours of exercise is not necessary.D. Inactivity easily brings about many serious diseases.解析：选D 细节理解题。依据其次段的第一句"There is increasing evidence that inactivity is linked to heart disease, type 2 diabetes （糖尿病）and some types of cancer” 可次口， 不 活动会引发很多疾病，应选D。14. What is the suggestion of Prof. Philipe de Souto Barreto according to the third paragraph?A. People should spend less time on exercise.B People should lower their activity levels.C. People should increase exercise properly.D. People should achieve their current goals.解析：选C 细节理解题。依据第三段的“Prof. Philipe de Souto Barreto .make small increases in their activity levels rather than pushing to achieve current goals” 可知,Philipe de Souto Barreto教授建议人们要适当增加熬炼，应选Co15 . Which of the following is TRUE about current exercise guidelines?A. They are impractical.B They are reasonable.C. They have no effect on us.D. They are popular with people.解析：选A 细节理解题。依据第一段的第一句"Researchers say current exercise guidelines are unrealistic/，可知，现行的熬炼指导原那么并不有用，应选A。II .阅读七选五（共5小题；每题2分，总分值10分）依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。选项中有两项为多 余选项。Some Ways to Develop the Life Skill of GratitudeWe all know that being grateful and appreciative is very beneficial, but have you ever thought of gratitude as one of the top life skills? 16 Gratitude belongs to the category of advanced life skills because it can pletely transform your life.Help others turn away from negativity.If some people you know persist in talking about negative things all the time, find a wise way to tell them that you really don't appreciate it. 17Look for reasons to say thank you. 18 They'll be more likely to do nice things for you because you appreciate their efforts. In turn, you'll have even more reasons to feel gratitude. When other people sense that you appreciate them, it changes your relationship with them.19 When you find yourself in a difficult situation, look for the beneficial aspects created by that situation. Ask yourself: "What have I learned here? Will it benefit me in the future? When I look back on this experience a year later, what will I be grateful for? Have a gratitude review. Do this as soon as you wake up in the morning and before you go to sleep at night. 20 Think of all the things you have to be grateful for in your life. If you start and end each day with gratitude, your whole life will shift in a more positive direction. It only takes a minute or two to allow gratitude to fill your heart and mind.A. See the big picture.B , Show gratitude to others.C Actually it is more than that.D. Everyone loves to be appreciated.E. Don't get pulled in a negative talk.F. Remember to count your blessings daily.G. So you could be doing them a huge favor.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了怎样培育生活中感谢的技能，从而转变一个 人的生活。16. 解析：选C 结合空格前面的问题和后面的“Gratitude belongs to the category of advanced life skills''可知，C项中的it指的是gratitude,表示感谢属于一种更高级的生活技 能。17. 解析：选G 结合本段的小标题Help others turn away from negativity.可知，关心他 人远离消极，是你对别人的一个巨大的关心。18. 解析：选D 空格后面的内容：当你感谢他人的努力的时候，别人会更可能愿意关 心你。与D项的内容照应。19. 解析：选A 结合本段的内容中的situation以及问的问题可知，要从大的方面看问 题。20. 解析：选F 空格前面的“in the morning"和"at night"都是一天中的时间,因此与 F项中的daily照应。HL完形填空（共20小题；，总分值30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处 的最正确选项。Jenna had graduated from her middle school and was lucky enough to be admitted to Westwood College. She was ready for new 21 at the college and filled with confidence. 22 , she didn*t expect it that college life was quite 23 , In the first week, Jenna went to tryouts for cheerleaders. She was peting against very talented girls, and she knew it would be 24 for her to be selected. Two hours later, the 25 read a list of the girls for a second tryout. Her heart 26 as the list ended without her name. Feeling 27 > she walked back to her dormitory carrying her schoolbag full of homework.Arriving at the dormitory, she started with 28 . She had always been a good math student, but now she was 29 . She moved on to English and history, and was 30 to find that she didn't have any trouble with those subjects. Feeling better, she decided not to 31 math for the time being.The next day Jenna went to see Mrs. Biden about being on the school 32 . Mrs. Biden wasn't as enthusiastic as Jenna. "I'm sorry, 33 we have enough 34 for the newspaper already, e back next year and well talk then." Jenna smiled 35 and left. "Why is college so different? she sighed.Later in math class, Jenna devoted herself to figuring out the problems that had given her so much 36 . By the end of the class, she understood how to get them right. As she gathered her books, Jenna decided she'd 37 to try to fit in with her new school. She wasn't sure if she'd 38, but she knew she had to try. College was just as her mom had said, "You will feel like a small fish in a big pond 39 a big fish in a small pond. The challenge is to bee the 40 fish you can be.语篇解读：本文主要叙述了仆人公Jenna在进入高校后所经受的变化及其努力适应的过程。21. B. challengesC. problemsD. exercises解析：选 B 依据上文的"lucky enough to be admitted to Westwood College”及“new”可 推知，新的高校生活对仆人公来讲有很多挑战，应选B。22. B. ThereforeC. BesidesD.Otherwise解析：选A 依据语境可知，上下文表示规律上的转折关系，应选A。however "然而。23. B.necessaryC. differentD.desperate解析：选 C 依据倒数其次段的 “ 'Why is college so different? ' she sighed”可知， 高校生活与仆人公想象得很不一样。24. B. troublesomeC. certainD. difficult解析：选D 依据“peting against very talented girls”可推知，仆人公感觉自己很难被选 上，与下文的“the list ended without her name 照应。25. B.judgeC. bossD.candidate解析：选B 依据语境可知，是由裁判宣布进入下一轮选拔的名单的。26. B.jumpedC. sankD.changed解析：选C 依据“as the list ended without her name”可推知,得知没有自己的名字，即 没有进入下一轮选拔，仆人公心情沉重。sb.'s heart sinks意为“心情沉重，心情低落。27. B.lonelyC. happyD.strange解析：选A 由于被淘汰了，仆人公感觉糟糕(awful)。28. B.historyC. scienceD.math解析：选D 依据下文的“She had always been a good math student”可推知，仆人公开 头做自己擅长的数学作业。29. B.strugglingC. plainingD.improving解析：选B 依据“but的转折含义可推知，曾经擅长的数学现在让她感觉有些吃力。30. B.ashamedC. pleasedD. shocked解析：选 C 依据“she didn't have any trouble with those subjects”可知，仆人公在英语和 历史学科上没有遇到任何问题，于是很快乐，与下文的“Feeling better照应。31. upB. make forC. give upD. prepare for解析：选D 依据上文的“Feeling better”和仆人公做数学作业不抱负的状况可推知，仆 人公临时不预备数学了。prepare for “把预备好“；show up “消失"；make for "向移动，促成"；give up "放弃。32. B. teamC. newspaperD. radio解析：选C 依据下文的“for the newspaper already”可推知，Mrs. Biden在校报工作。33. B.soC. orD.but解析：选D 依据语境可知，上下文表示规律上的转折关系，应选D。34. B.playersC speakersD.readers解析：选A 依据“for the newspaper already”并结合选项可推知，仆人公是去校报应聘 作者工作，结果遭到了拒绝。35. B. weaklyC. widelyD. happily解析：选B 依据“e back next year and we'll talk then”可知，仆人公被校报拒绝了，因 此只是淡淡地笑着离开了。36. B.lackC. hopeD.sorrow解析：选D 依据上文可知，仆人公在数学学习上感到吃力，这些问题使她很难过。37. B.refuseC. continueD.attempt解析：选 C 依据下文的“try to fit in with her new school" "but she knew she had to try” 可推知，仆人公并没有气馁，打算连续试着适应新的学校。38. B. pleteC agreeD. acpany解析：选A 依据"but she knew she had to try可推知，仆人公对于自己能否胜利并没 有把握，但是知道自己必需去尝试。39. . the hope ofB.in honor ofC in case ofD.instead of解析：选D 依据语境可知，此处表示比照。insteadof "代替，而不是。40. B.bestC. hardestD.gentlest解析：选B 结合空前一句可推知，此处表示“成为最好的鱼，在文中引申为“做最 好的自己。IV.语法填空(共10小题；，总分值15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。This weekend I was delighted to show my parents around Seville, as they 41(e) for ashort but sweet visit. Although the weather wasn't the best, we still made 42 best of our time together.Being reunited with the people you love in a new place 43 (bring) such excitement. Showing them around the new city makes you 44 (extraordinary) happy. For example, as Seville is known for flamenco (弗拉门科舞),I took them to see a famous 45 (perform) my friends remended to me, which gave us such a wonderful visual feast. Furthermore, getting to show your visitors the places 46 (appeal) to you is a pleasant feeling, because you are eager to let them know where you love to spend your time. You are letting them get involved 47 your new life. Also you have the opportunity48 (show) your loved ones the new places thatthey may fall in love with.So, after a two-day trip, I feel pleased to have had the time to explore those 49 (attraction) with my parents. I am already looking forward to their next visit 50 I can show them more of what Seville offers and what I am still yet to discover.语篇解读：本文叙述了作者带着父母游玩塞维利亚的经受。41. came 考查时态。依据上文中的“This weekend" "was"可知，此处讲的是过去发 生的事情，故应用一般过去时。下文中的"wasn't" "made"亦是提示。42. the考查冠词。虽然天气不是很好，但是我们仍旧充分利用了我们在一起的时间。 make the best of "充分利用”，为固定搭配。43. brings考查时态和主谓全都°和你所爱的人在一个新的地方团聚是如此让人兴奋。 此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；且动名词在句中作主语，谓语动词应用第三人称单数。 故填 bringso44. extraordinarily 考查词性转换。此处应用副词修饰形容词。extraordinarily "极其， 特别。45. performance 考查词性转换。我带他们去看了一场我伴侣推举的闻名的表演，这让 我们享受了一场奇妙的视觉盛宴。依据空前的“a famous”及句意可知，空处应填名词 performance ”表 演。46. 叩pealing 考查非谓语动词。此处表示“吸引你的地方"，appeal与places之间为 规律上的主谓关系，故需用其现在分词形式在句中作后置定语。appeal to "吸引，对有 吸引力。47. in 考查介词。你是在让他们参加你的新生活。get involved in "参力口,为固定搭配。48. to show 考查非谓语动词。opportunity后可跟动词不定式作后置定语，故填to showo49. attractions考查名词单复数。我感到特别快乐能有时间和父母一起探究那些颇具 吸引力的地方。attraction意为“有吸引力的事物，为可数名词，且空前有those,故此处 需用其复数形式。