2020-2021学年上海市杨浦区高二（上）期末英语试卷.docx

2020-2021学年上海市杨浦区高二(上)期末英语试卷II. Grammar and VocabularySection A 1.Stepping into the spotlightLiu Qing hasn't slept well for months.Every day, the 13 - year - old middle school student wakes up (1) dark circles around her eyes.She has lost interest in everything and doesn't want to talk to anyone.She knows what this sinking feeling means.“Living like this is such a torture for me.I can't feel happy at all, ” Liu told Xinhua.Liu is one of many (2) suffer from depression.According to World Health Organization (WHO), about 264 million people around the world (3) (affect) by depression.In China, depression affects 54 million people and is one of the (4) (lead) causes of suicide.To bring this issue to people's attention, Zhang Nan, a photo studio owner, started a photo project (5)(call) Crinkled Fog.Over the last three years, he has taken pictures of over 100 people (6) (struggle) with mental health, mostly girls or women, aged 14 to 30.Yaya, a 23 - year - old girl, was diagnosed with depression in 2013 during her first year in senior high.Her parents didn't take her struggle seriously and believed that depression is just like a cold and will go away on its own.But for Yaya, it was painful during her darkest period.She is said (7) (receive) electroconvulsive therapy (电休克治疗)10 times within six weeks.Yaya applied for the photo shoot when she got better this year (8) she wanted to record the moment and tell people that they can recover.Depression is, in fact, a real illness. nJust like your body, your moods (9) fall ill, too, " said Li Songwei, Tsinghua University assistant professor of psychology. nWhen depression can be diagnosed (10) terrible it is, there are effective treatments. n So, don't be ashamed of the illness and seek professional help as early as possible.Section BDirections： Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.of the passage in no more than 60 words.Use your own words as far as possible.For some people, certain foods can be deadly.Around the world, children are far more likely than even before to develop food allergies （过敏）.Scientists say that the number of people with food allergies is rising, as well as the number of foods to which theyYe allergic.In the US, for example, allergy rates among children were rising from 2010 to 2016, according to the Childhood Allergies in America report.In the UK, the number of children admitted to the hospital with severe allergic reactions has also risen every year for the past five years, the BBC reported."In the past, more often than not, children were only allergic to one or maybe two foods .whereas now it's very common to see children allergic to two or three or more foods, ” said Hugh Sampson, a professor at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, US.The era of globalization has a role to play in the increase of allergies.As countries import exotic products, people are more likely to adopt foreign diets.One example is an increased allergy to kiwis in the US. "Everything is so global now.We're getting exposed to foods that we never had before, " Sampson said.Environmental factors may also play a large role： Migrants appear to be more likely to have food allergy and asthma （哮喘）in their adopted country in comparison to their country of origin, according to the BBC.As globalization accelerates （力口速）migration, more people will tend to experience food allergies.Changers in food manufacturing could explain the global rise in allergies as well.For example, people are more likely to be allergic to dry - roasted peanuts - common in the US, UK and Australia than boiled or fried peanuts, which are common in China. nThe Chinese eat the same amount of peanut per capita as we do.They introduce it early in a sort of a boiled type form, as they do in many African countries, and they have very low rates of peanut allergies, "Sampson said.This suggests that how and when the food is introduced is as important a factor as the food itself.Food allergy awareness has increased during recent years, but there's more work to be done to understand and deal with its rise.V TranslationDirections： Translate the following sentences into English 9 using the wordsgiven in the brackets.8 .他坚持使用最好的食材来实现自己的承诺。（live） 9 .要达到预期的效果，你在演说前应当确定你的目标听众。（identify） 10 .这个计划听上去很好，但你想象不出它在现实生活中实施起来有多困难。（how） 11 .尽管价格昂贵，但这个新款某种程度上满足了大众对高科技产品的需求。（despite） _VI. Guided Writing12. Directions： Write an English composition in 120 - 150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.请介绍一种你最喜欢的健身运动，提供尽可能多的支持细节来说明方法，特点和益处。2020.2021学年上海市杨浦区高二(上)期末英语试卷参考答案与试题解析11. Grammar and VocabularySection A 1.Stepping into the spotlightLiu Qing hasn't slept well for months.Every day, the 13 - year - old middle school student wakes up (1) with dark circles around her eyes.She has lost interest in everything and doesn't want to talk to anyone.She knows what this sinking feeling means."Living like this is such a torture for me.I can't feel happy at alb “ Liu told Xinhua.Liu is one of many (2) who suffer from depression.According to World Health Organization( WHO), about 264 million people around the world (3) are affected (a他ct) by depression.In China, depression affects 54 million people and is one of the (4) leading (lead) causes of suicide.To bring this issue to people's attention, Zhang Nan, a photo studio owner, started a photo project (5) called (call) Crinkled Fog.Over the last three years, he has taken pictures of over 100 people (6) struggling (struggle) with mental health, mostly girls or women, aged 14 to 30.Yaya, a 23 - year - old girl, was diagnosed with depression in 2013 during her first year in senior high.Her parents didn't take her struggle seriously and believed that depression is just like a cold and will go away on its own.But for Yaya, it was painful during her darkest period.She is said (7) to have received (receive) electroconvulsive therapy (电休克治 疗)10 times within six weeks.Yaya applied for the photo shoot when she got better this year (8) because she wanted to record the moment and tell people that they can recover.Depression is, in fact, a real illness. nJust like your body, your moods (9) may fall ilL too, “ said Li Songwei, Tsinghua University assistant professor of psychology. "When depression can be diagnosed (10) no matter how terrible it is, there are effectivetreatments. n So, don't be ashamed of the illness and seek professional help as early as possible.【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要通过几个抑郁症患者的例子来告诉人们，无论多严 重的抑郁症都有有效的治疗方法。【解答】(1) with考查介词。句意：每天，这位13岁的中学生醒来时眼睛周围都是黑眼 圈。分析句子结构可知，句中谓语动词为wakes up,所以要用介词短语做状语，根据句 意可知是带着黑眼圈醒来的，所以要用介词with, ”带着，具有“，故填with。(2) who.考查定语从句。句意：刘是许多抑郁症患者之一。分析句子结构可知设空处引 导定语从句，修饰先行词many (people),指代很多人，在定语从句中做主语，所以用关 系代词who来引导，故填whoo(3) are affected.考查时态语态。句意：据世界卫生组织(WHO)统计，全世界约有2.64 亿人受抑郁症影响。分析句子结构可知，空处为谓语动词，主语people和affect之间存 在被动关系，时态为一般现在时，所以要用一般现在时的被动语态，故填are affected。(4) leading.考查形容词。句意：在中国，抑郁症影响着5400万人，是导致自杀的主要 原因之一。分析句子结构可知，空处需要形容词修饰后面的名词做定语，leading为形容 词”主要的"，故填leading。(5) called.考查过去分词。句意：为了引起人们的注意，摄影棚老板张楠开始了一个名 为“起皱雾”的摄影项目。分析句子结构可知，句中已经有谓语动词，空处为非谓语动词 做定语，和被修饰的名词之间存在被动关系，所以用过去分词表被动，故填called。(6) struggling.考查现在分词。句意：在过去的三年里，他拍摄了 100多张与心理健康 作斗争的照片，其中大部分是女孩或女性，年龄在14到30岁之间。分析句子结构可知, 句中已有谓语动词，空处为非谓语动词做定语，和被修饰的名词为主谓关系，所以用现 在分词表主动，故填struggling。(7) to have received.考查不定式。句意：据说她正在接受电休克治疗，六周10次。分 析句子结构可知句中已经有谓语动词，空处为非谓语动词，"sb.is said to have done”翻译 为”据说某人已经做了某事、动词不定式的完成式做主语补足语，故填to have received。(8) because.考查连词。句意：雅雅今年身体好转后申请拍照，因为她想记录下这一亥必 告诉人们他们可以康复。根据句意可知雅雅申请拍照的原因是她想记录下这一刻，所以 空处需要填because引导原因状语从句，故填becauseo(9) may.考查情态动词。句意：清华大学心理学助理教授李松伟说：”就像你的身体一 样，你的情绪也可能会生病。”根据句意为可知，你的情绪可能像你的身体一样生病，所 以此处需要情态动词may ”(有可能但不肯定)也许，可能;故填may。(10) n。matter how.考查状语从句。句意:当抑郁症可以被诊断出来时，不管它有多严 重，都有有效的治疗方法。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导让步状语从句，no matter how “无论如何"，后面加形容词，引导让步状语从句，故填no matter how。【点评】语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语 搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。Section BDirections： Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A.installed B.track C.cover D.enthusiastic E.impressed F.circulated Gdumped H.absorbed I.consciousness J.thrill K.economic(1) The military use radar satellites to B targets through clouds and at night.(2) Having been F to all the members, the report was fully discussed and carefully revised.(3) To her surprise, the proposal she put forward at the meeting met with a (n) D response.(4) The cuiTent situation is that toxic chemicals continue to be G into the river.(5) Her of the feelings of others was the thing that made her a fantastic doctor.(6) With the help of the security cameras A in the city, the police soon located the position of the criminal.(7) Even though he's been acting for years, he still gets a (n) J out of going on stage.(8) Evidence has piled up that Vitamin D is H by the body after exposure to sunshine.(9) Watson eventually left the harbor, under C of fog, and he was later arrested on an ice field where the hunt was taking place.(10) The experts suggested that people should not expand their business in the current _K climate.【分析】(1)军方利用雷达卫星在夜间通过云层追踪目标。(2)这份报告已经传达给了所有成员，经过了充分讨论和仔细修订。(3)让她感到惊讶的是，她在会议上提出的议案得到了积极的响应。(4)目前的形势是有毒化学物质继续被排放到河里。(5)她对他人感受的意识使她成为一名出色的医生。(6)在城里安装的监控摄像头的帮助下，警察很快就找到了罪犯的位置。(7)尽管他已经演了很多年了，他仍然对登上舞台感到兴奋。(8)越来越多的证据表明，在阳光照射下，维生素D会被人体吸收。(9)华生最终在雾的掩护下离开了港口，后来他在一个正在进行狩猎的冰原上被捕。(10)专家建议，在目前的经济环境下，人们不应该扩大他们的生意。【解答】(1) B.考查动词。句意：军方利用雷达卫星，在夜间通过云层追踪目标。分析 句子结构可知，空格处应填动词原形，track表示“追踪”，符合句意。故选B。(2) F.考查动词和语态。句意：这份报告已经传达给了所有成员，经过了充分讨论和仔 细修订。分析句子结构可知，空格处与主语"he report”之间的关系为被动，所以应填过去 分词，circulated为过去分词表示"(被)分发，传阅、符合句意。故选F。(3) D.考查形容词。句意：让她感到惊讶的是，她在会议上提出的议案得到了积极的响 应。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填形容词作定语，enthusiastic表示“热情的”，符合句 意。故选D。(4) G考查动词和语态。句意：目前的形势是有毒化学物质继续被排放到河里。分析句 子结构可知，空格处应填过去分词，dumped为过去分词表示“被倾倒"，be dumped into- 表示”被倒进里”，符合句意。故选G。(5) I.考查名词。句意：她对他人感受的意识使她成为一名出色的医生。分析句子结构 可知，空格处应填名词作主语，consciousness表示"意识，察觉”，符合句意。故选I。(6) A.考查过去分词。句意：在城里安装的监控摄像头的帮助下，警察很快就找到了罪 犯的位置。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填过去分词表被动，installed为过去分词表示” 被安装"，符合句意。故选A。(7) J.考查名词。句意：尽管他已经演了很多年了，他仍然对登上舞台感到兴奋。分析 句子结构可知，空格处应填名词作宾语，thr川表示“兴奋 符合句意。故选J。(8) H.考查动词和语态。句意：越来越多的证据表明，在阳光照射下，维生素D会被人 体吸收。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填过去分词与空格前is构成被动语态，absorbed'(被)吸收”，符合句意。故选H。(9) C.考查名词。句意：华生最终在雾的掩护下离开了港口，后来他在一个正在进行狩 猎的冰原上被捕。分析句子结构可知，空格处应名词作宾语，cover表示“掩护”，符合句 意。故选C。(10) K.考查形容词。句意：专家建议，在目前的经济环境下，人们不应该扩大他们的 生意。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填形容词作定语，economic表示“经济的"，符合句 意。故选K。【点评】如何做选词填空1 .根据语法，判断词性一般的空缺都可以通过其所在的句式结构和句法成分来判断其词性，从而正确的选 词，进一步缩小词的选择范围。2 .利用语境，确定词形当确定了一个单词的词性后，可通过上下文来帮助判断其形式，如主谓一致，动词 的时态，语态，固定短语，名词的数和所有格，形容词，副词的比较级等。IH. Reading ComprehensionsSection ADirections： For each blank in the following passage» there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.3.Cracking down on live - stream shoppingEspecially amid the impacts of COVID - 19, shopping via live - streams (现场直播)has helped improve the economy and brought vitality to business.In the first half of 2020, the number of streaming e - commerce sessions in China topped 10 million.Nearly 400, 000 people (1) A live - steam shopping events that attracted more than 50 billion viewers, according to the Ministry of Commerce.However, the (2) C live - stream e - commerce also brings about (3) B about sub - standard products and poor after - sales services.Luo Yonghao, founder of smart - phone company Smartisan Technology, (4) D a statement on Sina Weibo on Dec. 15, (5) A selling fake products.The wool sweaters they sold during a live - stream in November had been proven to not in fact be made of wool.In response to that, the firm decided to make a triple repayment to more than 20, 000 customers who bought the fake products.This is just one case of poorly - conducted e - commerce.In addition to fake products, many consumers have received damaged goods or not had their items (6) B at alLMany have also complained about a (7) C of after - sale service.During this year's Singles1 Day shopping festival, the China Consumer Association received over 334, 000 complaints (8) A live - streaming e - commerce.According to the association, Li Jiaqi's live - streams received complaints about not (9) D consumers to return the products.Another high - profile live - streamer, Xinba, was caught selling fake edible birds1 nest on the short video app Kuaishou.Due to the cases that violated (侵犯)consumers' rights and interests recently, authorities have tightened regulations to better (10) B the live - streaming e - commerce market.The State Administration for Market Regulation published an instruction on (11) D live - stream sales events, clarifying the (12) A and obligations of the involved bodies.According to new rules by the National Radio and Television Administration, e - commerce platforms are responsible for verifying (核查)the qualifications of retailers who (13) C live - streaming sales on their sites.As live - streaming e - commerce further develops, regulations will only become stricter in the future, said Li Bin, a lawyer with the China Consumers Association. nBoth platforms and streamers should carry out live - steaming activities (14) B and in compliance with regulations.*'Also, consumers should be more sensible and make (15) D according to their needs, said Lu Laiming, a professor at Beijing Technology and Business University.(1)A.hostedB. markedC.participatedD.advertised(2)A.daringB.stimulatingC.boomingD.frightening(3)A.interestsB. worriesC.victimsD.limits(4)A.composedB.enforcedC.quotedD.posted(5)A.apologizing forB.catering toC.interfering withD.objecting to(6)A. unwrappedB.deliveredC.processedD.consumed(7)A.convenienceB.solutionC.lackD.chain(8)A.related toB.composed ofC.engaged inD.taken up(9)A.forbiddingB.inspiringC.assuringD.allowing(10) A.coachB.monitorC.floodD.invest(11) A.absorbingB.filteringC.separatingD.regulating(12) A.responsibilitiesB.capabilitiesC.sensibilitiesD.reliabilities(13) A.claimB.connectC.launchD.determine(14) A.continuouslyB.legallyC.directlyD.effectively(15) A.inquiriesB.promisesC.decisionsD.purchases【分析】本文讲述了 C0VID19的影响推动了现场直播的购物活动，由此产生了一系列的 负面影响，国家制定了规则进行约束。【解答】（1）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.hosted主办，主持；B.marked标记；C.participated 参加；D.advertised做广告。句意:据商务部统计，近40万人主持了现场直播的购物活 动，吸引 了 500 多亿观众。根据空格后句子"live - steam shopping events that attracted more than 50 billion viewers, ”（现场直播的购物活动，吸引了 500多亿观众。），可知应该选择 host （主办）。故选A。（2） C.考查形容词及语境理解。A.daring大胆的;B.stimulating刺激的；C.booming飞 速发展的，繁荣的；D.frightening令人害怕的。句意：然而，飞速发展的直播电子商务也 带来了产品不合格和售后服务差的担忧。根据第空格后句子"live - steam shopping events that attracted more than 50 billion viewers."（现场直播的购物活动，吸引了 500 多亿观众。） 可知直播电子商务是飞速发展的。故选C。（3） B.考查名词及语境理解。A.interest利益;B.worri