高中英语语法精讲3关系代词引导的限制性定语从句学案译林版.docx

关系代词引导的限制性定语从句1 .限制性定语从句概述：在复合句中作定语，修饰主句或主句中某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。限制 性定语从句是定语从句的分支。限制性定语从句表现为在意义上是先行词不可缺少的定语, 若省略，所修饰主句的内容就不完整或失去意义，和主句的关系十分密切，不可用逗号分开。 先行词是被定语从句修饰的名词或代词；关系词是引导定语从句的词，并代替先行词在从句 中作一定的句子成分。构成：先行词+1关系词I +定语从句作用II连接主句和从何I指代先行词I I在从句中充当句子成分2 .定语从句的先行词及关系代词先行词是定语从句修饰和限定的成分，从构成上而言，它可以是名词、代词、名词性短 语和整个主句；从句子成分上而言，它可以是主句的主语、宾语、表语、补语和整个主句。关系代词及其具体功用：关系代词指代的先行词在从句中所作的成分who指人主语、宾语、表语whom指人宾语whose指人或物定语which指物主语、宾语、定语that指人或物主语、宾语、表语God helps those who/that help themselves.上帝帮助自强的人。Th is is the factory which/that we once visited.这是我们曾经参观过的工厂。©There came a lot of children, most of whom I didn，t know.来了许多孩子，大多数我都不认识。That's the man whose house has burned down.那就是那个房屋被烧毁的人。误区警示(1)在定语从句中作动词宾语时或介词后用whom,不用who, 口语中whom前无介词时可 用that或who代替。(2)关系代词在从句中作宾语时，通常可以省略。The man (whom/who/that) you saw just now is our manager.你刚才看见的男子是我们的经理。(3)whose既可以指人也可以指物，既可以说“某人的”，也可以说“某物的”。I don't want to pay for the book whose cover is lost.我不想为这本没有封面的书付款。H即学即练1观察定语从句体会其作用1. Do you know the man that/who is waiting outside?2. He showed me the photos (that/which) he took on his trip to Xi，an.3. Simon is the poor man whose car has been stolen.例句1中的黑体词在定语从句中作,不可省略。例句2中的黑体词在定语从句中作,可以省略。例句3中的黑体词在定语从句中作 o找出下列定语从句中的先行词Is this the book which your father bought for you? Who is the man that is speaking to your mother? 用定语从句合并句子©This is the house. Lu Xun once lived in the house.f This is the house .The boy is Tom. The boy is studying in the classroom.f The boy is Tom.单句语法填空Do you know everyone came to the party?No, I don，t know the one you had a long talk with.I admire my classmates English is good.The report will be given tomorrow is important to us.3 .关系代词that与which的区别用that而不用which的情况(1)先行词是不定代词或被不定代词修饰。(2)先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被其修饰。(3)先行词前有the very, the only等修饰。(4)先行词既有人也有物。(5)先行词前有疑问代词which时。(6) there be句型中，句子的主语是先行词而且又是指物的名词。(7)先行词为主句的表语或关系代词在从句中作表语。用which的情况(1)引导非限制性定语从句。(先行词和后面的定语从句被逗号隔开)©Paper-cutting, which is a traditional art form in our country, dates from the Han Dynasty.剪纸可追溯到汉朝，它是我们国家的传统艺术形式。(2)在定语从句中作介词的宾语，且介词位于关系代词前时。Th is is the book for which I paid five dollars.这就是我花5美元买的那本书。学法点拨学习语法(定语从句)时，我们不要为太多的规则所累，要学会抓住其核心知识，如关系 代词that和which的区另U，我们不难发现,that的用法多于which,因此我们只要谨记which 的特殊用法，自然就不会用错。即学即练2单句语法填空Is there anything I can do for you?I like the very method she uses to learn English.Who was the woman you were talking with?Maybe you have a habit is driving your family crazy.In the end, she decided to sell the house windows were almost all broken.This is the most interesting story I have ever read.I'in really interested in all you have said.Here is the book about I told you yesterday.When people talk about the cities of China, the first comes into their mind is Beijing.Tom has the good qualities of kindness and honesty, is what his parents expect.【随堂自测】语法专练1. There are species （物种） are disappearing every day.2. They also had a small pond in they raised fish.3. On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth gives off lightin the dark.4. They were well trained by their masters had great experience with caring for these animals.5. And r ve found that the possibilitieslie within books are limitless.6. With shining dark eyes, he seems like the kind of kid would enjoypublic speaking.7. For example, there are huge amounts of reference books I am oftenconfused to choose from.8. . Georgia did decide to donate a large bag of toys to a little girl mother was unable to pay for her holiday due to illness.9. Kate, sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia.10. Many people live along the coast make a living on fishing industry.语法精讲 关系代词引导的限制性定语从句即学即练1 主语 宾语 定语 the book the man the man ©that/which Lu Xun once lived in ®that/who is studying in the classroom ©who/that whom/who/ that whose vhich/that即学即练 2that that that that/which whose that that which that which随堂自测