高中英语高考复习数词表示方法知识讲解.docx
高考英语数词表示方法一、基数词1. 1-12的基数词：one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve2. 13-19的基数词在个位数上加后缀-teen构成，并有两个重音。thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen3. 2090等十位数由2-9加后缀-ty构成。twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety4. 21-29由十位数20加个位数1-9构成，十位和个位之间加连字符号“一"，其他十位数以 此类推。21 twenty-one44 forty-four、 98 ninety-eight5. 多位数的读法 从后向前数，每三位数加一个，；第一个，号前为thousand （千），第二个，号前 为million （百万）,然后再逐段表达。三位数数词要在百位和十位（若无十位则和个位）之间加and。在美国用法中，这种用 法的and往往省略。45, 000, 000 读作 forty-five million632, ooo 读作 six hundred and thirty-two thousand二、序数词序数词=基数词+th,但以下几个特殊：one- first, two-second, three-third, five-fifth, eight-eighth, nine-ninth, twelve-twelfth, twenty-twentieth ,one hundred - one hundredth三、倍数、分数、小数、百分数L倍数：time （s） twice, three times这个房间有那个房间三个大。This room is three times as large as that one.2.分数：分子用基数词表示，分母用序数词表示，分子为2以上时，分母（序数词）应变为复数。三分之一 one third, a third；五分之三 three fifths,二分之一one/a half；四分之一 one fourth/ a quarterNote：数短语作主语时，谓语的数由。f后面的名词来决定，名词为可数名词复数，则谓语 用复数；名词为不可数名词，谓语用单数。A third of the land is covered by forests.Two thirds of the workers are working hard.有些分数词也可用half和quarter表示。 l/2->a/one half （不说 one second） l/4-*a/one quarter3/4一three quarters/three fourths提示口语中用 a half/third/fourth tLffl one half/third用ourth 普遍。带分数带分数中的整数用基数词表示，加and同分数词隔开。31f three and a half3-2 /4 three and two quarters52 five and two thirds29 万 1-*twenty-nine and one fifth提示用分数词作定语修饰名词时，基数词和序数词之间要加连字号“一”，分数词单独使用或相 当于名词时，用不用连字号都可以。三分之一英里fa one-third mile三分之二的多数fa two-thirds majority四分之三的钱 -"three-quarters(three quarters) of the money表示“几分之几”的具体东西时，要用“分数词+of+名词”结构。5/8 inch-*five eighths of an inch 八分之五英3/5 foot-*three 表示“几次方, 10° -the fifthfifths of a foot五分之三英尺乘方”时，指数用序数词，底数用基数词。power of ten (=ten to the fifth power)61°10°the tenththe ninthpower of six (=six to the tenthpower of ten (=ten to the ninthx*=y (x 的 4 次方是 y。) -*The fourth power of x is3.小数：小数点前的基数词与前面所讲的基数词读法完全相同,1. 25 读作 one point two five0. 56 读作 zero point five six4.百分数：百分号读作percent5% 读作 five percentpower) power) y.小数点后面则须将数字一一读出。四、算式1 .加法A+B=C -> A plus B is C.或者 A and B is C.或者 A added to B is C.2 .减法AB=C f A minus B is C.3 .乘法AXB=C f A times B is C.或者 A multiplied by B is C.4 .除法A + B=C f A divided by B is C.5 .大于A>B - A is greater than B.6 .小于A<B fA is less than B.五、常见数词的表示法及读法1 .章节、页数的读法第一章：the first chapter / Chapter One第二节：the second section / Section Two第三课：the third lesson / Lesson Three注意：如果页码的数字较长，通常用基数词。第 2564 页：page two five six four twenty-five sixty-four2 .房间、门牌、电话号码的读法第 305 房间：Room three o (零)five长安街 76 号：live at seventy-six Chang* an Street电话号码：204-2244： telephone number two o (zero) four two two (double two) four four十一路公共汽车：Bus (No. ) eleven , Bus No. 11 or the Number 11 Bus3年代、日期、时刻的读法(1)年份是四位数字时，各分成二位来读，1995 年： nineteen ninety-five(2)日期使用一般的序数词来读取5 月 10 日：May (the) 10th (=May (the) tenth) =the tenth of May(3)时刻通常用基数词来读8: 45 eight forty-five3:25 twenty-five past three3:55five to four3:30 half past three3:15a quarter past three3:45 a quarter to four(4)年代表示法：在二十世纪九十年代 in the 1990飞 nineteen nineties 或 in the 1990s4 .基数词的复数形式表示年龄in one' s +整十的复数表示在某人几十岁时in one' s teens (13-19)在他五十多岁的时候in his fifties在二十岁出头 in one' s early twenties.奔三 in one, s late twenties5 . hundred, thousand, million 用法：hundred, thousand, million, score(20), dozen(12), decade(10)前面有具体数字，要用 单数形式，但如果它们后面有of,那它们要用复数形式，同时，前面不能再加具体的数目。eg. two thousand 两千thousands of 成千上万hundreds of成百上千millions of数以百万计in twos and threes (三三两两)two hundred boys; hundreds of boys6 .几个半的表达法：基数词+ and + a half +名词复数=基数词+名词(单数/复数)+and +a half两个半小时 two and a half hours = two hours and a half六、需注意的问题1 .数词+名词用连词符连在一起作定语eg.四岁的男孩 a four-year-old boy2 .有些结构既有基数词又有序数词。eg.前三题 the first three questions最后五分钟 the last five minutes
