大学英语四级作文翻译解析.pdf
UNIT 1基本技能篇（15天）Day1.adj.+as+Subject（主词）+be,S.+V.+（虽然）例Rich as our country is,our quality of life is by no meanssatisfactory.虽然我们的国家富有，我们的生活品质却不是令人满意的。v by no means=in no way=on no account 一点也不3.On no account can we+V.+（我们绝对不能）【例 J On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge.我们绝对不能忽略知识的价值。2倒 装 句第一步：四级精彩套句展示我们将通过三个常考的四级写作句型揭示倒装句的奥妙。1.So+形 容 词+be+主 词+that+句 子（如此以至于）例】So precious is time that we can not afford to waste it.时间是如此珍贵，我们经不起浪费它。这是四级考试作文部分经常用到的一个套句，也是我们在第一部分要学习的第一种句型倒装句。我们注意到这个句子的谓语动词“be”放到的了主语的前面，这种句子成分顺序和标准句型不一致的句型就是倒装句。倒 装（The Inversion）,一般来说是一种较正式的句型，能考查考生的英文写作水平。在文章的开头用倒装句你的文章会因此而添色不少，也是写应试作文获取高分的亮点之一，所以我们一定要学会正确地使用它，恰当地用来阐述自己的观点。第二步：语法精讲1.简介倒 装 有 两 种。将 主 语 和 谓 语 完 全 颠 倒 过 来，叫做完全倒装(complete inversion)o【例 1 Then began a bitter war between the two countries.于是两国之间开始了恶战。只将助动词(包括情态动词)移至主语之前，叫做部分倒装(partialinversion)oAt no time can the entrance be left unguarded.入 口 需要随时有人把守。2.四级必考句型(1)Among the disadvantages that may bring to arethat+S.+V.,making+n.+adj.【分析】有时候，为了强调“介 词+宾语”结构，我们把它置于句首，此时句子需要全部倒装，在本句中我们把谓语动词“are”放在了主语结构“that”的前面。Among the disadvantages that cars may bring to our lives are that wecould spend more time in traffic jams and we would likely spend moremoney on operation and maintenance fees,making our schedules tighterand our pockets lighter!（2）With these steps,we can change our society into one out ofwhich comes the possibility that【分析】句中的定语从句out of which comes the possibility”是完全倒装句。With these steps,we can change our society into one out of whichcomes the possibility that natural resources will be fully cherished.（3）There is a real possibility that,should there bea.【分析】Should there be a是省略if并部分倒装的将来时虚拟条件句。还原后为：If there should be aThere is a real possibility that we can solve this problem completely,should there be cooperation among all parties involved.（4）never,hardly,seldom,rarely,not,until，scarcely,in no case（不管怎样也不），in no way（不管怎么也不），by no means（决不），on noaccount（不论什么原因也不），at no time（无论什么时候也不）等否定词放在句首时，句子要倒装。By no means shall we cease to protect our environment.（5）It was very late.Exhausted though she was,there was no hope ofher being able to fall asleep.【分析】从属连词as和though也可以用于让步状语从句中。这种从句必须以形容词（或形容词化的分词）、名词或动词原形开头,主句必须位于从句之后。1）Small as a bicycle is,it can bring a lot of convenience to our lives.2）Foolish though he looks,he always seems to make the wisestproposals.（他看起来样子傻傻的，可似乎总是能提出最聪明的建议。）3）Try as you may,you will never succeed.（你尽管可以试，但决不会成功）。第三步：练习与进步A.翻译1.至于计算机化的影响，没有什么地方比银行能更清楚地看到其成果。2.只是过了一年，我就开始看到我工作的成绩。3.要不是来自政府的及时投资，我们的公司不会像现在这样繁荣昌盛。4.该组织没有违反规章，但是它也没有负责任地认真工作。5.儿乎每个月都有消息报道调查中国公民中科学教育文盲问题的严重性。6.打算离婚的父母没有很好地培养孩子应对将要到来的危机的能力，他们也没有向孩子们作出很有必要的保证：会有人照顾你们的。7.虽然他聪明机智，也觉得解决这个问题很难。8.树下坐着的人，是我见过的最高大的人之一。9.她不仅学习刻苦，而且很有礼貌。10.只有当研究者获得充分的数据，他们才能得出一个正确的结论。【参考答案】1.As for the influence of computerization,nowhere have we seenthe results more clearly than in the bank.2.Had it not been for the timely investment from the government,our company would not be thriving as it is.3.Only after a year did I begin to see the results of my work.4.The organization had broken no rules,but neither had it actedresponsibly.5.Hardly a month goes by without word of another survey revealingnew depths of scientific illiteracy among Chinese citizens.6.P arents planning to divorce do not sufficiently prepare theirchildren for the coming crisis,nor do they provide them with thenecessary assurances that they will be cared for in the aftermath.7.Clever and resourceful though he was,he found more than a littledifficulty solving the problem.8.Not only was she a hard worker,but she was also very polite.9.Under a tree was sitting one of the biggest men I had ever seen.10.Only when the researchers have obtained sufficient data can theycome to a sound conclusion.B.改错1.Scarcely they had settled themselves in their seats in the theatrewhen the curtain went up.2.Under no circumstances we should do anything that will benefitourselves but harm the interests of the state.3.Not until an infant hedgehog（刺 J猬）opens its eyes it leaves itsnest to follow its mother about.4.Down jumped was the burglar from the tenth floor when thepoliceman pointed his pistol at him.5.Most of his classmates agree with the opinion that bad as he is,but he has his good points.6.Not until have I passed the examination will I be able to go outto parties.7.Not only the student disturb the authority of the oldergeneration he can threaten the social system as a whole.8.No fewer than one thousand people did come here to attend thecompetition.9.We had hardly arrived when does she started crying to go home.10.No sooner had he drunk the coffee when he began to feel drowsy.【参考答案】1.they hadhad they 2.we shouldshould we 3.itleaves-does it leave4.去掉 was 5.去掉 but 6.have I 一 Ihave7.only 后 力 口 does 8.did come一came 9.去掉 does10.whenthan第四步：伟人伟招1.英勇无畏式Nothing in life is to be feared.It is only to be understood.(MarieCurie)生活中没有什么可怕的东西，只有需要理解的东西。(居里夫人)【点评】这句话可用于提出问题的解决方法，比如说关于“globalshortage of fresh water 在提到如何应对时，不妨说：Famous scientist Marie Curie once said,Nothing in life is to befeared;it is only to be understood.,5 In the same ways,once weunderstand the causes of this phenomenon,we can confidently believethat we will solve the problem with the following means.2.热情无限式A man can succeed at almost anything for which he has unlimitedenthusiasm.(C.M.Schwab)只要有无限的热情，一个人儿乎可以在任何事情上取得成功。(施瓦布)【点评】用法和上句类似。3.理想远大式The important thing in life is to have a great aim,and also thedetermination to attain it.(Goethe)人生重要的在于确立一个伟大的目标，并有决心使其实现。（歌德)【点评】我们可以从歌德的话语里面，学到一个很好的句型：Theimportant thing is to-,不妨进一步学一个四级里面另两个更受欢迎的句型：(1)Nothing is+(adj).er than to+V.+.Nothing is+more+形容词+than to+V.+【例】Nothing is more important than to receive education.没有比接受教育更重要的事。(2)What a+adj.+n.+S.+V.!=How+adj.+a+n.+V.!(多么!)What an important thing it is to keep our promise!How important a thing it is to keep our promise!遵守诺言是多么重要的事！第五步：实践与提高用下列给出的句型造句：1.The narrator may be right about.,but he neglects tomention the factthat.2.As opposed to widely held beliefs,I believethat.3.Although many people believe that.,I doubt whether theargument holds up to much analysis4.The advantages of B outweigh any benefit we could gain from5.Although it is commonly held that.,it is unlikelythat.6.There is an element of truth in this argument,but it ignoresa deeper and morebasicfactthat.7.It is true thatbut that is not to say that.Trueit is unlikelyTo be sureit doesnt followAdmittedlythat doesnt meanit wont be the case8.Themainproblem with this argument is that it isignorant ofthebasicfact that.9.It would be naturalto thinkthat.,but itwould be absurd toclaim that.10.In all the discussion and debate over.,one important fact isgenerallyoverlookedUNIT1基本技能篇（15天）Day 2强调句强 调 句第一步：四级精彩套句展示It is universally acknowledged that+句 子（全世界都知道）这是一个在四级作文里面用来阐述观点的经典句型，用词也很出色。It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us.全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。It isthat+句子构成强调句型（The Emphatic P attern）英语常用的强调结构是“Itis/was+被强调部分（主语、宾语或状语）+who（that）”。一般说来，被强调部分指人时，用who；指事物时，用that；在美国英语中指事物时常用which来代替that。与之类似的常用句型还有：It is conceivable that+句 子（可想而知的）It is obvious that+句 子（明显的）It is apparent that+句 子（显然的）It is conceivable that knowledge plays an important role in our life.可想而知，知识在我们的一生中扮演一个重要的角色。第二步：语法精讲1.简介(1)一 般 情 况 用It is(was)that(who),指 人 时,用who；指物时，用thato我们分别可以强调主语、宾语、表语、时间状语和地点状语等。如：He read three books in the library yesterday.(正常句子)It was he who read three books in the library yesterday.(强调主语)It was three books that he read in the library yesterday.(强调宾语)It was in the library that he read three books yesterday.(强调地点状语)(2)强调状语或定语时，只 用th a t,不 用when w here,如：It is at 5 oclock that the train will arrive.(3)被强调的部分是主语时，注意句子的谓语动词和被强调的主语保持一致。如：It is he who is late.It is they who were late.(4)一 般 疑 问 句 的 强 调 句 为“Is(was)it+that？”；特殊疑问句为：”特殊疑问词+is(was)+it+that？”结构。如：Was it ten years ago that his father died?(他的父亲是十年前去世的吗？)When is it that you will set off?(你到底什么时候出发?)(5)notuntil 句型的强调结构为“It is not untilthat”应注意把否定词not转移到until前面。如：Ididn t go home until the rain stopped.(直至！J雨停了我才一回家)。强调句为：It was not until the rain stopped that I went home.Ididn t know the news until yesterday.(直到昨天我才知道那个消息)强调句为：It was not until yesterday that I knew the news.2.四级必考套句学习(1)It is the responsibility of to do sth.【分析】注意，从形式上看该句子很像强调句型，而实际上并非如此，因为句中it是形式主语，动词不定式作实际主语。It is the responsibility of every citizen in our society to do his utmostto protect the environment.(2)It is the,I suppose,that havehas given rise to.【分析】该强调句型强调句子主语，suppose作为插入语。这是一个很好掌握的四级长句，在作文中需要分析原因时一，可以用它阐述自己的看法。It is the tighter job market,I suppose,that has given rise to theincrease in the number of unemployed college students in China.(3)It is only when that.【分析】强调句型强调when引导时间从句。It is only when you nearly lose someone that you become fullyconscious of how much you value him.第三步：练习与进步A.翻译1.直到最后一刻，我才得知事情的传闻。2.他是否接受我的观点，我并不在乎。3.我不应干预此类事。4.在拥挤的公交车上抽烟，是不礼貌的行为。5.爱迪生是位真正的天才，这是不容置疑的。6.直到他走进教室，才意识到忘了做家庭作业。7.在我们家，饭前洗手是每个人的习惯。8.一个人应该精读一门，博览各科。9.她觉得回复这封信，是她应尽的责任。10.大多数年轻人都认为过轻松不用努力的生活是最好的，这是令人遗憾的事。【参考答案】1.It was at the eleventh hour that I got wind of what was going on.2.It does not matter whether he accepts my opinions or not.3.It is not my place to interfere in such affairs.4.It is impolite behavior to smoke in a crowded bus.5.It is undeniable that Edison was a genius in the truest sense of theword.6.It was not until he entered the classroom that he realized he hadforgotten to do the homework.7.In our home it is a rigid rule for each person to wash his handsbefore eating.8.It is wise to read everything about something and something abouteverything.9.She felt it incumbent upon her to answer the letter at once.10.It is to be regretted that the majority of young people should lookupon an effortless life as the highest good.B.改错1.It is she which I think is the most beautiful girl I have ever seen.2.There is an old saying which says,“Great oaks from little acornsgrow.7.It is wrong to accuse a person of a crime that you have evidencethat he may be guilty.8.It be reasonable to receive extra pay for extra work.9.It is very difficult that you havent sufficient data to solve theproblem.3.It is in the park which they 1 1 take a picnic.4.It is believed which the earliest feature of chronic bronchitis isexcessive secretion from the mucous glands and goblet call.5.It is one of his peculiarities that no incident ever happens to himthat without teaching him some valuable lesson.6.It is an error to suppose which the public is indifferent or unableto understand the problems of religion and philosophy.【参考答案】1.whichwho 2.whichthat 3.whichwhere 4.which-that5.去掉 him 后面的 that 6.which一that 7.thatunless8.beis 9.thatwhen第四步：伟人伟招1.百折不挠式We must accept finite disappointment,but we must never loseinfinite hope.(Martin Luther King,Jr.)我们必须接受失望，因为它是有限的，但千万不可失去希望，因为它是无穷的。(马丁 路 德 金)【点评】该句为马丁 路德金生命的体验，我们在作文中谈到某种麻烦的解决方法时，借用过来妙不可言。另外We must do,butwe must never用于观点的转折或者递进效果很好。2.深入生活式Genius is formed in quiet,character in the stream of life.(Goethe)天才形成于平静中，性格来自于生活的激流。(歌德)【点评】歌德之才，恐非我辈能及，但大师的语言却给我们无穷的灵感。表 示“形成”记 着 用“is formed in，简单之处见真章。第五步：实践与进步用下列给出的句型造句：1.There is absolutely no reason for us to believethat.2.Logical as this argument is,and I whole-heartedly agree withit,it appearsinsignificant when.is taken into consideration.3.To assume that.is far from infallible.4.A close inspection of this argument would reveal howflimsy it is.5.On the surface,it may seem a soundsuggestion,butwith careful consideration,we find that.6.Too much emphasis placed on.may obscure otherfacts,including that.7.The danger is that.8.What the narrator fails to understand is that.9.We dont have to look very far to see the truth ofthis argument.10.However just this argument may be,it only skims thesurface of the problemUNIT1基本技能篇（15天）Day 3 省略句省 略 句第一步：四级精彩套句展示It is necessary that effective actions be taken to prevent this problem.省略，在语言中，尤其在对话中是一种常见的现象，它可以使语气明了。英语里被省略部分一般可以在句子中补上。本句是省略should 的虚拟语气，完整句为 It is necessary that effective actions shouldbe taken to prevent this problem.这种对虚拟语气的省略在四级作文句子里面广为存在，又如：It is hoped that great efforts should be directed to(expendedon/focused on)finding(developing/improving)中的 should 也可省略。第二步：语法精讲1.简介句子中的某一成分省略的现象，在语言当中广泛存在，汉语当中也有。比如：一班的学生比二班的多。本句中在“二班的”后面就省略了“学生”一词，因为根据语境，该词我们已经可以推理得知，在语言中为了避免麻烦，将其省略。大家可能会说：“四级考试中我就担心字数凑不够，为什么还要学习省略呢？”字数的问题确实是我们必须面对的问题，但并不是四级考核的惟一标准。省略句的合理利用，会起到事半功倍的效果。首先，启用省略句虽然在字数上吃了点小亏，但是可以让句子更精炼流畅，可谓舍一而得十；另外，很多考生为了凑字数，啰里啰嗦，让评卷老师味同嚼蜡，这时你的省略句就可能会如一缕春风，好处自不用多言。2.四级必考句型(1)Although many have tried,few have succeeded in attempts【分析】本 句 中tried后的宾语可根据后半句的语义推测得知，所以可以省略，避免重复。Although many have tried,few have succeeded in attempts to findperfect solutions.(2),be it,will bring a lot of happiness into ourlives.【分析】本句是一个超难句型,中间一节省略了 whether和might,并 进 行 了 倒 装,将be it恢复后应为whether it might be。Beit,可 译 为“比方说”，用来给出更多细节。The application of electric power,be it to light our rooms or to listento music,will bring a lot of happiness to our lives.(3)Christie stared angrily at her boss and turned away,as though togo out of the office.【分析】as though引导方式状语从句，谓语常用虚拟语气，本句中主句的主语与从句的主语相同，故从句中的主语和谓语省略，即省略了 she wanted；如果补全，即为:as though she wanted to go out of theoffice.第三步：练习与进步A.翻译1.因为项目任务十分艰巨，这个项目需要的劳动力比我们已经投入的要多。2.虽然Dave Mitchell在旧金山长大，但他总是更喜欢记录小镇生活的平淡事实。3.就像土壤是地球的一部分一样，大气也是地球的一部分。4.没有人会有时间去读或听讲述世界发生的每一件事情。5.他的衣服很宽大，好像是为比他个子大一倍的人裁剪的。6.海豚与狗同样都是聪明的动物。7.不管付出多大的代价，他都会坚持他认为正确的。8每个人能够走钢丝而没有一丝畏惧的，除非他从小就训练过。9.他经常坐在一间小酒吧里喝酒，喝得太多了，不利于他的身体。10.尽管相对贵一些，但是这个发动机效率更高，而且不需要经常维修。【参考答案】1.The project requires more labor than has been put in because it isextremely difficult.2.Though raised in San Francisco,Dave Mitchell had alwayspreferred to record the plain facts of small-town life.3.Just as the soil is a part of the earth,so too is the atmosphere.4.No one would have time to read or listen to an account ofeverything that is going on in the world.5.His suit hung loosely as if tailored for someone twice his size.6.A dolphin is no less a clever animal than a dog.7.No one can walk the wire without a bit of fear unless trained veryyoung.8.He stands up for what he thinks right,whatever the personal cost.9.He often sat in a small bar drinking considerably more wine thanwas good for his health.10.Even though relatively costly,the engine is highly efficient andinfrequently needs servicing.B.改错1.A programmed computer begins to show on its screen the figuresyou need when is switched on.2.No one,at any rate no English writer,has written aboutchildhood life in a way more poignant than Dickens was.7.To understand the situation completely require more thoughtthat has been given thus far.8.We can observe small things clearly under a microscopebecause it makes them appear larger as they really are.9.In debating,one must correct the opponents falsehoods,denythe relevance of his proof,and deny that which he presents as proof,even if relevant,is sufficient.10.Yet these old controversies give no less revealing insight on theminds of our grandfathers than do the major issues of the last century.3.Careful surveys have indicated that as many as 50 percent ofpatients do not taken drugs as directed,lowering the effec
