高考英语黄冈经典一轮（全国通用版）实用课件：写作技法点拨系列 第二部分 六.ppt

第二部分 布局谋篇三攻略写作增分必备法宝六、严谨审题定点,运筹帷幄【技巧点拨】在写好句子的基础之上,想成就一篇优秀的作文,需要首先将作文题目本身蕴含的信息吃透,梳理需要表达的信息、重新排列组合要点的出现顺序,使之符合行文逻辑。为了在以后的写作中事半功倍,可以把英语作文的写作步骤分成以下几步:第一步审题谋篇:分析要点、划分段落这一步主要是谋篇,构筑全文的结构,确定全文要写几个段落。无论是何种文体,先要分析写作要求,确定写作要点;再根据写作要点,合理地划分成几个段落。首段,往往是全文的主旨,是对全文的简介或概述,其最后一句往往是过渡句。首段后面的段落分写各自的主题。文章最后一段往往总结全文。第二步段落布局:根据段意、确定单句这一步主要是段落的布局。英语的段落有其内在规律,大多是“主题句(Topic Sentence)+支撑的细节(Supporting Details)+总结(Conclusion)或过渡句(Transition)”。也就是说,第一句往往是全段的主题句;后面是支撑主题句的一些细节描写,这是段落的主体;最后是总结句或是过渡句。第三步写句达意:根据句意、确定句型高考书面表达的评分细则要求考生在写作时“应用较多的语法结构和词汇”“有效地使用词句间的连接成分”。高考阅卷老师在评卷时就会遵循“语言第一(词汇高级),内容第二(要点齐全),结构第三(段落分明)”的原则。句子的写作有两个层次:第一个层次是写“对”;第二个层次是写“美”。1.词汇美:选词正确,能灵活运用高级词汇。写作中,丰富的词汇和短语是重中之重。高级词汇的选取和运用不仅能给人新颖清新的感觉,而且能显示作者的写作功底。We can view the problem in many ways.(view比look at更有内涵)Finally we caught sight of his red overcoat in the distance.(catch sight of比see 更生动)We had better make full use of the library.(make full use of比use更高级)2.句式美:句式多变,长短句结合,能灵活运用并列句、复合句等多种句式。要想使文章有更多的亮点,除了词汇高级、丰富外,文章中还要有几个漂亮的句子。真正做到句式多样、结构复杂、表达得体,尽量避免使用结构单一的简单句。这就要求考生在平日的学习中积累各种有用的句型。3.衔接美:正确使用句子间、段落间的衔接词和过渡词,使结构紧凑,内容连贯。一篇文章的亮点越多,文章的档次就越高。使用恰当的过渡词会使文章表达流畅、层次清晰。巧妙使用表示并列、递进、转折等的过渡词,会使文章连贯、自然、流畅,增加亮点。因此,写作时,除了运用好的高级词汇、短语和句式外,还要使用恰当的过渡词,这就需要考生在日常学习中积累背诵常用的关联词。例如:表示列举的过渡词firstly,secondly,thirdly,finally;表示自己看法的 as far as Im concerned,from my point of view,in my opinion;表示转折的on the contrary,however,every coin has two sides等。【考题在线】假设你是李津,与你以前的外籍教师Mrs Green一直保持联系。近日她来信询问你的近况,请根据以下提示给她回复一封邮件。1.简要介绍自己的学习和生活;2.告知你已成为八月底在西安举办的第十四届全运会的志愿者,并介绍为此所做的准备(如深入了解西安等);3.希望她有机会重访西安。注意:1.词数100个左右;2.可适当加入细节,使内容充实、行文连贯;3.开头已给出,不计入总词数。【审题谋篇】体裁体裁应应用文用文时态时态一般一般现现在在时为时为主主人称人称第一人称第一人称为为主主要点要点简简要介要介绍绍自己的学自己的学习习和生活和生活;告知你已成告知你已成为为八月底在西安八月底在西安举办举办的第十四届全运会的志愿者的第十四届全运会的志愿者,并介并介绍绍为为此所做的准此所做的准备备(如深入了解西安等如深入了解西安等);希望她有机会重希望她有机会重访访西安西安【连句成篇】Dear Mrs Green(问候寒暄),Im so glad to hear from you.Im writing to tell you something about my life and study in recent days.(写信目的)Im very busy with my lessons now,for the Entrance Examination,which is very important to me,is coming.Every day,I have to spend most of my time in studying.As a result,I dont have enough time to take exercise.Whats worse,I dont communicate a lot with my parents and my friends.(介绍自己的学习和生活)By the way,I am now a volunteer for the 14th National Games,which will be held at the end of August in xian.In order to be a qualified volunteer,I have to improve myself by reading some books about xian so as to know more about it.(告知已成为全运会的志愿者,并介绍为此所做的准备)I miss you very much!Will you please pay a visit to xian again so that we may meet again?(希望她有机会重访西安)Looking forward to seeing you a second time.(书信的结语)Yours,Li Jin【高考预测】世纪金榜导学号79060268B是一个面向全球的图书分享网站。该网站组织的分享活动有两种参与方式:一是自由分享(wild release),即把书放在指定地点,由其他参与者自由获取;二是定向分享(controlled release),即直接传递给另一位参与者。假设你是李华,请用英文写信申请参加。内容应包括:表明写信目的;选择一种分享方式;简述做出该选择的理由;希望了解更多信息。注意:1.词数100个左右;2.开头和结尾已给出(不计入总词数)。Dear Sir,_Yours,Li Hua【参考范文】Dear Sir,Learning that you are organizing this activity to share books worldwide,I am writing to apply for it for the simple reason that I love reading and I own a large number of books.Youve introduced two ways to share books:wild release and controlled release.Of the two,the latter wins my favor.By means of controlled release,I only need to deliver books to other participants.Not only are books shared but it can build up a bridge connecting readers from different parts of the world as well.If you could provide more information,I would be grateful.Looking forward to your early reply.Yours,Li Hua