高考英语北师大版一轮复习课件：选修7 Unit 21 Human Biology.pptx
Unit 21Unit 21Human Biology Human Biology 选修选修7 7Unit 21Human Biology 核心考点随堂巩固核心考点-2-高频词汇难点句型1.abuse vt.辱骂;滥用;虐待n.滥用;虐待;辱骂,恶语高考佳句Itdealtwithissuessuchasdrugabuse,violenceandunemployment.它处理诸如吸毒、暴力及失业等问题。abuseonespositionas.滥用的职务abuseonespower滥用职权abuseonestrust背信弃义drugabuse/alcoholabuse吸毒/酗酒选修选修7 7Unit 21Human Biology 核心考点随堂巩固核心考点-3-高频词汇难点句型用用abuse的恰当形式填空Thelandisalivingthing.Itwillhitbackatyouifyou_it.IneverexpectedthathewouldthetrustIplacedinhim.abuseabuse选修选修7 7Unit 21Human Biology 核心考点随堂巩固核心考点-4-高频词汇难点句型2.tolerate vt.容忍,忍受,宽恕;容许;能经受(困难)toleration n.忍受,宽容,容许tolerable adj.可容忍的,可忍受的;过得去的(in)tolerant adj.(不能)忍受的,(无法)容忍的tolerance n.容忍;忍受,宽容;耐力intolerance n.不能容忍高考佳句.suchmeasureswillbecomemoreavehicleforintolerancethanintegration.这样的措施将变成并非是融合而是无法容忍的一种工具。(2017浙江卷,阅读理解C篇)tolerate+n.容忍toleratedoing.容忍/容许做toleratesb/sbsdoing容忍某人做be(in)tolerantof/towards(不能)容忍选修选修7 7Unit 21Human Biology 核心考点随堂巩固核心考点-5-高频词汇难点句型用用tolerate及其短语的恰当形式填空Incontemporaryculture,physicalexpressionsofangeraregenerallyconsideredtoosociallyharmful(tolerate).However,wecannotalwaysbeintoleranttardiness,forordinarylivingrequiressometolerance.Itsometimesrequiresthereader(tolerate)unpleasantnessorannoyance.写作升级写作升级Why?Heshoutedatyou!Howcanyoutolerateit?满分表达Howcanyoutoleratehis(shout)atyou?tobetoleratedof/towardstotolerateshouting选修选修7 7Unit 21Human Biology 核心考点随堂巩固核心考点-6-高频词汇难点句型3.seek v.(sought,sought)寻求,请求;试图,设法;寻找,追求seeker n.搜索者;探求者高考佳句Onegroupwasaskedtoseekoutaninteraction(互动)withitswaiter.我们组被要求和其服务员寻求互动。(2018全国卷,阅读理解D篇)seekhelpfromsb向某人请求帮助seekfor寻求,寻找seekout找出,挑出seektodosth试图去做某事seekonesadvice向某人征求意见seekonesfortune寻找出路,寻找发迹的机会选修选修7 7Unit 21Human Biology 核心考点随堂巩固核心考点-7-高频词汇难点句型单句语法填空单句语法填空Whensomerefusevaccinationand(seek)afreeride,immunitybreaksdownandeveryoneisinevenbiggerdanger.(2017北京卷,阅读理解C篇)Besides,businessesseek(appeal)tocustomerssenses.Yourlivesarebusyenoughdoinghomework,playingsports,makingfriends,seekingyourdreams.(2016四川卷,阅读理解B篇)seektoappealafter选修选修7 7Unit 21Human Biology 核心考点随堂巩固核心考点-8-高频词汇难点句型4.oppose v.反对;反抗,抵制opposed adj.反对的;截然不同的opposite adv.相对地,相反地;对面地adj.相对的,对面的prep.在对面n.反义词,对立的事物高考佳句Manyfarmersopposedtheplanbecausetheyfearedthatwolveswouldkilltheirfarmanimalsorpets.许多农民反对这个计划,因为他们害怕狼会杀死他们的家畜或宠物。(2017全国卷,阅读理解C篇)opposesth反对某事opposedoingsth反对做某事beopposedto(doing)sth反对(做)某事选修选修7 7Unit 21Human Biology 核心考点随堂巩固核心考点-9-高频词汇难点句型单句语法填空单句语法填空Iwouldcertainlyoppose(change)thesystem.bepatienttothepeoplewhoarethecomplete_(oppose)ofthatdescription.(2016浙江卷,六选五)写作升级写作升级Thisisagainstthe“earlybird”schedule,andisakindofdisorderwheretheindividualtendstostayupmuchpastmidnight.满分表达Thisthe“earlybird”schedule,andisakindofdisorderwheretheindividualtendstostayupmuchpastmidnight.changingoppositeisopposedto选修选修7 7Unit 21Human Biology 核心考点随堂巩固核心考点-10-高频词汇难点句型5.contradict vt.违反,违背;与(其他事物)相矛盾,相反;反驳,批驳contradiction n.矛盾,不一致;反驳contradictory adj.对立的,不一致的;相互矛盾的高考佳句ButtheinformationIgotwasrichandvaried,orevencontradictory.但我获得的信息丰富多样,甚至相互矛盾。(2018江苏卷,书面表达)contradictoneself自相矛盾indirectcontradictionto与恰恰相反单句语法填空单句语法填空Yourstatementstodayareindirectcontradictionwhatyousaidyesterday.Thespeakerhadgotconfused,andstartedcontradicting_(he).tohimself选修选修7 7Unit 21Human Biology 核心考点随堂巩固核心考点-11-高频词汇难点句型6.postpone vt.推迟,延期postponement n.延期;延缓高考佳句Postponingthemeltingoftheglaciers.推迟了冰川的溶化。(2017江苏卷,阅读理解D篇)postponesthto/until.把某事延迟/推迟到postponedoingsth推迟做某事选修选修7 7Unit 21Human Biology 核心考点随堂巩固核心考点-12-高频词汇难点句型单句语法填空单句语法填空The(postpone)of“adultactivities”couldnotbeattributedtomorehomeworkorextracurricularactivities.(2018上海卷,完形填空)Theydecided(postpone)theirtripuntilnextweek,owingtothechangeoftheweather.Letspostpone(make)adecisionuntilwehavemoreinformation.postponementtopostponemaking选修选修7 7Unit 21Human Biology 核心考点随堂巩固核心考点-13-高频词汇难点句型7.prohibit vt.禁止;阻止,使不可能prohibition n.禁止;禁令高考佳句Thebagsareprohibitedinsome90citiesinCalifornia,includingLosAngeles.在加州大约90个城市,包括洛杉矶禁止这种包。(2018浙江卷,阅读理解B篇)prohibitsth禁止某事prohibitdoingsth禁止做某事prohibitsbfromdoingsth禁止某人做某事选修选修7 7Unit 21Human Biology 核心考点随堂巩固核心考点-14-高频词汇难点句型用用prohibit的恰当形式填空Theprofessorwasdeafandanytalking.(2017全国卷,完形填空)PleasenotethatanyitemswillbetakenawaybytheOfficeofResidenceLife.In1897,thestateofMichiganpassedalawthekillingofpassengerpigeons.单句语法填空单句语法填空Theyprohibit(take)photosinthemuseum.写作升级写作升级Theydontallowtractorstobedriveninthetowncentre.满分表达Tractorsinthetowncentre.wasprohibitedprohibitedprohibitingtakingareprohibitedfromdriving选修选修7 7Unit 21Human Biology 核心考点随堂巩固核心考点-15-高频词汇难点句型8.rob vt.抢夺,剥夺;使丧失;抢劫robbery n.抢劫,掠夺robber n.抢劫者,强盗高考佳句Butitcanrobyouofyourself-confidenceifyoudontdoit.但是如果你不做,它就可能会让你失去自信。robsb/aplace抢劫某人/某处robsbofsth抢劫某人某物;剥夺某人某物;使某人失去某物词义精析词义精析(1)rob指公然用暴力抢劫他人的所有物,常用robsb/sp.ofsth表示“抢劫某人/某处某物”。(2)steal意为“偷”,其宾语为偷的物品,常用stealsthfromsb/sp.表示“从某人/某处偷某物”。(3)pick用以指“扒窃”,宾语一般为pocket之类的词。选修选修7 7Unit 21Human Biology 核心考点随堂巩固核心考点-16-高频词汇难点句型用用rob的恰当形式填空Armedbrokeintotheshopanddemandedmoneyfromthesafe.PoliceareinvestigatingaseriesofbankinSouthWales.用用steal或pick的恰当形式填空Whileshopping,MrsSmithhadherpocket.Tothinkheissleepingonthestreetstonightwhenhecouldthemoneyandpaidforaplacetostayin.robbersrobberiespickedhavestolen选修选修7 7Unit 21Human Biology 核心考点随堂巩固核心考点-17-高频词汇难点句型9.decline v.下降;婉拒n.下降;减少高考佳句Buttheamountoftimespentinreadingeachsessionhasdeclined,fromclosertoanhourormoretoclosertoahalfhourpersession.但是,阅读每个部分所花费的时间已经减少,从每个部分接近一个小时或更长时间到接近半个小时。(2018全国卷,阅读理解C篇)declineto/by.下降到/了asharpdecline急剧下降declinetodosth婉拒做某事indecline(=onthedecline)下降,衰退declinein/ofsth在某方面减少/下降fall/gointo(a)decline开始衰落;陷入衰退选修选修7 7Unit 21Human Biology 核心考点随堂巩固核心考点-18-高频词汇难点句型单句语法填空单句语法填空Butduringthepastdecade(decline)rainfallhasallowedhimtoplanthighlyprofitablecrops.(2017江苏卷,阅读理解D篇).encouragethemtopolitelydecline(do)thingsthattheybelievearewrong.Eventhisincreasecouldsinksomeislands,worsendroughtanddrivedeclineofuptoathirdinthenumberofspecies.(2016上海卷,阅读理解B篇).therearesomewaysparentscanbeinvolvedintheirkidseducationthatleadstodeclinestheiracademicperformance.decliningtodoain/of选修选修7 7Unit 21Human Biology 核心考点随堂巩固核心考点-19-高频词汇难点句型10.submit vt.递交;提交;顺从;屈服;认输submission n.提交;投降;顺从submissive adj.服从的;屈从的;恭顺的高考佳句Youarefreetosubmitthearticleelsewhereatthesametime.同时你可以自由地向其他地方提交你的文章。submitsth(tosb)把某物递交(给某人)submitto服从于,屈从于;把提交给,向提出选修选修7 7Unit 21Human Biology 核心考点随堂巩固核心考点-20-高频词汇难点句型单句语法填空单句语法填空Thegirldidntsubmitto(have)herfreedomlimited.Tomorrowisthelastdatefor(submit)ofentriesforthecompetition.havingsubmission选修选修7 7Unit 21Human Biology 核心考点随堂巩固核心考点-21-高频词汇难点句型11.in vain 徒然;白费力气高考佳句Andlookinvainforscatteredtoys.并且徒劳地去寻找乱扔的玩具。(2016上海卷,阅读理解)takesbsnameinvain滥用名义完成句子完成句子Thepilotstruggledtoopentheparachute.那位飞行员努力打开降落伞却是徒劳。Asaninexperiencedteacher,Itriedeverymeanstogetthemtobequiet,.作为一名经验不足的老师,我尝试了每一种方法让他们安静下来,但都无济于事。invainbutinvain选修选修7 7Unit 21Human Biology 核心考点随堂巩固核心考点-22-高频词汇难点句型12.due to 因为,由于;应归于高考佳句Thelossofglaciersthereduetoglobalwarmingrepresentsanenormousthreattoagriculture.那儿由于全球变暖导致的冰川消失表明对农业的巨大威胁。(2017江苏卷,阅读理解D篇)dueto,becauseof,thanksto和owingto均可表示“由于,因为”,经常可以换用,dueto意为“由于”,一般不放在句首。becauseof用以指出原因。thanksto既可表达正面意义(多亏、幸亏),又可表示讽刺意义。owingto则侧重于表示“由于,应归功于”。选修选修7 7Unit 21Human Biology 核心考点随堂巩固核心考点-23-高频词汇难点句型完成句子完成句子Thereasonwhysomeoneistriggeredbysomethingandothersarenotisoftenonespersonalhistoryandpsychologicaltraits.一个人被某件事物触发而其他人则不会经常是由于个人的历史和心理特征。(2018北京卷,七选五)RaynorWinnandherhusbandMothbecamehomeless_theirwronginvestment.由于投资错误,RaynorWinn和她的丈夫Moth变得无家可归。(2018江苏卷,完形填空)Thetownwascutofffromtherestoftheworld.该镇由于大雪而和世界其他地方隔绝了。(2016北京卷,完形填空)duetoduetoduetoheavysnow选修选修7 7Unit 21Human Biology 核心考点随堂巩固核心考点-24-高频词汇难点句型写作升级写作升级Nowthatthechancesofdyingyoungaremuchlower,thechancesoflivinglongaremuchhigherbecauseofbetterdietsandhealthcare.满分表达Nowthatthechancesofdyingyoungaremuchlower,thechancesoflivinglongaremuchhigherbetterdietsandhealthcare.dueto选修选修7 7Unit 21Human Biology 核心考点随堂巩固核心考点-25-高频词汇难点句型13.wipe out 彻底毁灭;全部摧毁高考佳句Measles,whichoncekilled450childreneachyearanddisabledevenmore,wasnearlywipedoutintheUnitedStates14yearsagobytheuniversaluseoftheMMRvaccine.通过普遍使用麻疹疫苗,曾经每年造成450名儿童死亡,甚至更多人残疾的麻疹14年前在美国几乎被彻底消灭了。(2017北京卷,阅读理解C篇)wipesthfrom/offsp.把从某处擦掉wipesthawaysth擦净或擦掉某物wipeoneseyes擦干眼泪wipesthclean/dry把擦干净/干选修选修7 7Unit 21Human Biology 核心考点随堂巩固核心考点-26-高频词汇难点句型单句语法填空单句语法填空“Honey,yourbasketisextra-special,”Momsaid,gentlywipingmyhottears.(2016浙江卷,阅读理解D篇).anoceanlevelriseofonly0.6meterswillsendtheseguysjumpingtohighergroundanda0.9-meterrisewouldwipe_theirhabitatcompletely.awayout选修选修7 7Unit 21Human Biology 核心考点随堂巩固核心考点-27-高频词汇难点句型14.at all costs 不管多大代价,无论如何高考佳句Butsomethinginsidemewasgoingtoclimbthatmountainatallcosts.但在我内心的某种东西无论如何都要爬那座山。(2018天津卷,阅读表达)atthecostof以为代价;丧失,牺牲atacostof以的费用/价格atcost按成本atnocost不花钱atanycost=atallcosts以任何代价选修选修7 7Unit 21Human Biology 核心考点随堂巩固核心考点-28-高频词汇难点句型完成句子完成句子Afterhavingtaughtfifth-gradeclassesforfouryears,Idecidedtotrytoridthemoftheirfearanddislikeofbooks,andtogetthemtoreadoftenerandmoreadventurously.在教五年级四年后,我决定不惜一切代价尽量让他们摆脱对书的恐惧和厌恶,让他们更加经常更加爱冒险地去阅读。Wearegrowingwonderfultomatoes!我们正在不花钱而种植绝好的西红柿!写作升级写作升级Ourcountrywasoutforpeaceatanyprice.满分表达Ourcountrywasoutforpeace.atallcostsatnocostatallcosts选修选修7 7Unit 21Human Biology 核心考点随堂巩固核心考点-29-高频词汇难点句型1.Unfortunately,it is not easy to catch athletes using illegal drugs.(Page 34)不幸的是,很难抓住使用禁药的运动员。Its+adj.+forsbtodosth句型该句是“Its+adj.+todosth”结构,表示“做是”,其中it为形式主语,后面的动词不定式短语为真正的主语。(1)Its+adj.+forsbtodosth结构中,做表语的形容词表示不定式行为的性质和特点,常见的有:easy,hard,difficult,important,necessary,vital,possible等。(2)Its+adj.+ofsbtodosth结构中,做表语的形容词表示其中sb的品行、性格或性质,常见的有:kind,nice,good,friendly,wise,careful,stupid,foolish,rude,unwise,clever等。选修选修7 7Unit 21Human Biology 核心考点随堂巩固核心考点-30-高频词汇难点句型完成句子完成句子tosaythat.你对你妈妈说那话真是太无礼了。单句语法填空单句语法填空Forchildrenitisvery,verydifficult(cope)withemotionally.(2018江苏卷,阅读理解D篇).itsmucheasier(excuse)yourselftogetbacktoyourworkthanifyoutrytogetsomeoneoutofyourspaceevenafterexplaininghowbusyyouare.即使在解释你有多忙之后,如果你想让别人走出你的空间,还是没有给自己找个借口回去工作要容易得多。(2017全国卷,语法填空)Itsrudeofyoutocopetoexcuse选修选修7 7Unit 21Human Biology 核心考点随堂巩固核心考点-31-高频词汇难点句型2.Unless we are careful,“gene-therapy”will be the next big threat.(Page 34)除非我们小心翼翼,否则,“基因治疗”将会成为下一个重大威胁。unless引导条件状语从句句型(1)句中unless引导条件状语从句,表示“除非,否则”,表示其后条件状语从句所表达的情况如果不发生,将发生主句的情况。unless可译作“如果不”,或“除非,否则”。(2)当从句主语和主句主语一致,且从句谓语动词含有动词be时,从句主语和be可以省去。选修选修7 7Unit 21Human Biology 核心考点随堂巩固核心考点-32-高频词汇难点句型单句语法填空单句语法填空Unless(invite),Iwontgototheball.Unlessmoremoney(find),theircompanywillsoonclose.youcansleepwell,youwilllosetheabilitytofocus,planandstaymotivatedafteroneortwonights.(2018江苏卷,单项填空)写作升级写作升级Onecannotlearnalanguagewellifhedoesntworkhard.满分表达Onecannotlearnalanguagewellhehard.invitedisfoundUnlessunlessworks选修选修7 7Unit 21Human Biology 核心考点随堂巩固核心考点-33-高频词汇难点句型3.In the future,athletes who have their genes changed might be able to do the 100 metres dash in just 8 seconds or the marathon in less than two hours.(Page 34)将来,基因发生改变的运动员可能在仅仅8秒内跑完100米,或在不到两小时的时间里跑完马拉松。havesthdone句型句中havesthdone常可表示下面三个含义:(1)(主语)请/派别人完成某事(2)(主语)让某事被(3)(主语)遭受某种不幸的情况选修选修7 7Unit 21Human Biology 核心考点随堂巩固核心考点-34-高频词汇难点句型单句语法填空单句语法填空Theywouldhavethemedicine(send)byrailfromAnchoragetoNenana.(2016北京卷,完形填空)IneedanewpassportsoIwillhavetohavemyphotograph_(take).(2018天津卷,单项填空)Whiledoingtheshoppinginthesupermarketlastweekend,Ihadmywallet(steal).senttakenstolen选修选修7 7Unit 21Human Biology 核心考点随堂巩固核心考点-35-高频词汇难点句型4.The Olympic spiritthe spirit of competition which emphasises taking part rather than winninghas been violated by the desire to succeed at all costs.(Page 34)人们不惜任何代价来获胜的愿望违背了重在参与而不是获胜的奥林匹克精神。选修选修7 7Unit 21Human Biology 核心考点随堂巩固核心考点-36-高频词汇难点句型ratherthan句型句中的ratherthan是并列连词,该结构常用于平行结构中,连接相同的句子成分,即其两部分在成分和形式上应该一致。当其连接的部分用以说明主语时,谓语的人称和数应不受其影响,而和主语一致。含有ratherthan的句型常表示“宁愿做,而不愿做”,常见的有:(1)prefertodosthratherthandosth(2)woulddosthratherthandosth(3)wouldratherdosththandosth值得注意的是,wouldrather后面跟从句时应用虚拟语气形式,表示现在和将来情况应用过去时态(将来情况常含有情态动词),表示过去情况时应用过去完成时态。选修选修7 7Unit 21Human Biology 核心考点随堂巩固核心考点-37-高频词汇难点句型单句语法填空单句语法填空Bill,ratherthanyou,(be)toblamefornotfinishingtheworkontime.Iprefertostayathomeratherthan(go)shoppingwithher.完成句子完成句子ourenergy,wehadtothinkof365differentgreenthingstodoandthiswasnoeasytask.我们得考虑去做365件不同的环保的事情,而不是回收和减少我们的能源,这不是容易的任务。isgoRatherthanrecycleandreduce选修选修7 7Unit 21Human Biology 核心考点随堂巩固随堂巩固-38-1.Asafriend,youshouldbelieveinhim.Inthemeanwhile,heshouldbe(faith)toyou.2.Residentslivinginthecenterofthecityarestrongly(oppose)totheproject.3.Theywerenotprovidedadequateequipment.(2018江苏卷,阅读理解D篇)4.Allthepassengerscouldbe(tolerate)oftheyoungladysbabysmakinganoise,whichshowedtheirhighquality.5.Themeetingisheld(annual),butindifferentcountries.faithfulopposedwithtolerantannually选修选修7 7Unit 21Human Biology 核心考点随堂巩固随堂巩固-39-6.Policebelievetherearethousandsofillegalgunsin(circulate).7.Itiswrong(assume)artsgroupscannotmakeaprofit.(2018江苏卷,任务型阅读)8.Howkindourheadteacheris!Everydayshedoesntleaveschoolsheknowsweveallbeenaway.9.Idontthinkitswiseofyoungladiestokeepslimthecostoftheirhealth.10.Fredsbrothergotbadlyinjuredintheaccidentandwentintocomaanddiedsoonafterwards.circulationtoassumeunlessata选修选修7 7Unit 21Human Biology 核心考点随堂巩固随堂巩固-40-1.Fooddigestinginourstomachoffersuscalory.2.Weareprohibitedfromrevealdetailsaboutthecandidates,soIcantellyounothing.3.Boysandgirls,pleaserememberundernocircumstanceswecheatinexams.4.David,stopfoolingaround.Itstimetogetdowntogooveryourlessons.digestingdigestedrevealrevealingwe前加上should/do/cangogoing选修选修7 7Unit 21Human Biology 核心考点随堂巩固随堂巩固-41-5.Thenursecateredmyeveryneed,whichhelpedmerecoververysoon.6.Manypeoplejumpedintotheriver,tryingtosavethedrowningboy,butinthevain.7.Allofusshouldbegratefultoourparentswhotrytheirbesttobringusout.8.Thejournalistsinterviewedpeopleinthestreetforrandom.9.Manygraduateswenttothesouthtoseekemployment.catered后加to去掉vain前的theoutupforatseek后加上for选修选修7 7Unit 21Human Biology 核心考点随堂巩固随堂巩固-42-10.Thesuspectswordswerecompletelyincontradictionofwhatthewitnesssaid.ofto选修选修7 7Unit 21Human Biology 核心考点随堂巩固随堂巩固-43-完成下面4个句子,然后通过合理想象整合成一篇短文。1.随着我们在学校的生活越来越忙碌,我们的健康已变得令人担忧。Withourlifeinschool,ourhealthhasbecomeacause.2.第二,不要再编站不住脚的借口,报怨没有时间锻炼。Second,stopabouthavingnotimetoexercise.3.我们有时能以好的故事或有趣的电影款待自己,因为积极的情绪对我们的健康有好的影响。Wecanagoodstoryoraninterestingmoviesometimes,forpositiveemotionswillourhealth.gettingbusierandbusierforconcernmakinglameexcusescomplainingtreatourselvestohavegoodeffectson选修选修7 7Unit 21Human Biology 核心考点随堂巩固随堂巩固-44-4.总之,以身体健康为代价如此努力地工作没有意义。Inaword,sohardatthecostofourownhealth.thereisnopointinworking选修选修7 7Unit 21Human Biology 核心考点随堂巩固随堂巩固-45-连句成文Withourlifeinschoolgettingbusierandbusier,ourhealthhasbecomeacauseforconcern.Herearemytipsonhowtostayhealthywhilewereseekingtogetaheadinstudy.Firstofall,weneedahealthydiet.Undernocircumstancesshouldweskipbreakfaststosavetimeandweshouldeatfoodthatishealthyandeasytodigest.Second,stopmakinglameexcusescomplainingabouthavingnotimetoexercise.Giveyourselfabreakandyouwillgetalotoutofit.Third,stayinagoodmood.Wecantreatourselvestoagoodstoryoraninterestingmoviesometimes,forpositiveemotionswillhavegoodeffectsonourhealth.Inaword,thereisnopointinworkingsohardatthecostofourownhealth.Ifwelosthealth,alloureffortswouldbeinvain.
