高考英语学海导航复习-特殊句式.ppt

单项填空单项填空 第第14课时课时 特殊句式特殊句式 一一1 1.Was it on a lonely island _ he was saved one month after the boat went down？(2011四川卷)A.where B.that C.which D.what2 B考查强调句。此处为强调句的一般疑问句。强调句的一般疑问句构成是：is/was it 被强调部分that其他部分。该句可以还原为一个陈述句：He was saved on a lonely island one month after the boat went down.句意：他是不是在船沉没后一个月，在那座孤岛上被救起的？思路点拨思路点拨3 2.If you have a job,_ yourself to it and finally youll succeed.(2010四川卷)A.do devote B.dont devote C.devoting D.not devoting4 A考查谓语动词的强调及“祈使句and将来时句子”的固定搭配。句意为：“如果你有了一份工作，付出努力去做它，最后你定能成功。”思路点拨思路点拨5 Is _ three hours _ the boy _ family is poor to come to school on foot?A.it;that;whose B.it;that it takes;whose C.it for;that it takes;whose D.it;when;that强调句型【考点1】强调句型的基本结构6 B这是一个强调句，强调作宾语的时间名词three hours,the boy后接一个定语从句，whose作定语修饰family。句意：那位家境贫寒的男孩花了3个小时徒步来到学校吗？7 强调句型的基本结构是：It be 被强调部分 that(who)。强调句的一般疑问句形式为：Is(Was)被强调部分that/who？强 调 句 的 特 殊 疑 问 句 形 式 为：Who/When/Where/Why is(was)it that？强调句若以特殊疑问句形式出现，很容易误解。比较：Why is it that he cant come?他为什么不能来？What is it that he wants to buy?他想要买什么？8以上两句可视为由以下陈述句转换而来：It is because he is ill that he cant come.It is a computer that he wants to buy.9 当强调人时，可用who代替其中的that,当强调时间和地点时，不能用when和where代替that。10【考点2】not until用于强调句 It was not until _ that I knew the truth.(2011四川成都外国语学校高三月考卷)A.you told me B.did you tell me C.had you told me D.you have told me11 A该句强调了not until you told me。在强调not until句型时要将not 与until放在一起，并且语序不变的。12其基本形式为It is(was)not until that。如：It was not until yesterday that we knew about it.13 My father and my mother have been married for 30 years,and never once _ with each other.(2011福建省三明二中高三二模卷)A.have they quarreled B.they have quarreled C.did they quarrel D.had they quarreled倒装句【考点1】部分倒装14 A表否定意义的副词放于句首时后引起部分倒装。即：否定意义副词助动词主语动词。15 The computer was used in teaching.As a result,not only_，but students became more interested in the lessons.A.saved was teachers energy B.was teachers energy saved C.teachers energy was saved D.was saved teachers energy16 B解答该题的关键是要能够识别由并列连接词not onlybut(also)所引导的句子结构。根据语法规则，由并列连词not onlybut(also)连接的两个分句，not only引导的这个分句应该用部分倒装结构，后一个分句不用倒装结构。D项为完全倒装结构。17 部分否定即将主语与助动词倒置，其结构与疑问句大致相同。构成部分倒装的主要情形有：1.含否定意义的词(如：never,hardly,seldom,little,few,not until,not,not only,no sooner,not a single，no longer,nowhere,by no means,at no time,neither,nor等)置于句首时，其后用部分倒装。18 2.so表示前面所说的情况也适合于另一个人或物时，意为“也一样”，用“so助动词主语”这样的倒装句式。若讲述的情况属于同一个人或物时，意为“的确如此”，主谓不倒装。要注意如果一个并列句中含有两个性质不同的谓语，另一个省略的倒装结构要用“So it is/was with sb./sth.”或“It is/was the same with sb./sth.”来表示。19 3.only加状语(即：only副词/介词短语/状语从句等)放在句首时，其后用部分倒装。4.当虚拟条件句含有were,should,had时，可省略if,将were,should,had置句首。5.so/such that结构中，将so/such 置于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。20【考点2】完全倒装 Out _，still discussing the fashion show with great interest.(2011江苏南京金陵中学高三模拟卷)A.walked a crowd of young girls B.did a crowd of young girls walk C.were walking a crowd of young girls D.a crowd of young girls were walking21 A方位副词out 放于句首，后用全部倒装。即谓语动词全部在主语之前。22 完全倒装即将谓语移到主语前。构成完全倒装的情形主要有：1.以now,then,here,there,out,in,up,down,off,away等副词开头的句子，且句子主语是名词时，句子常用完全倒装。若主语为代词，则不用倒装。2.将表语和地点状语(多为介词短语)置于句首加以强调时，其后通常用倒装语序。23【考点3】另类倒装 That boy enjoys drawing very much._，I have never seen anyone else who is as enthusiastic about drawing as he is.A.As long as I have traveled B.Traveled so much as I have C.As I have traveled so much D.Much as I have traveled24 Das引导的让步状语从句中，可将副词提前至句首。25 1.as引导的让步状语从句中，必须将表语、状语或动词原形提到as前面。若提前的表语是名词，一般不用冠词。2.当such用作表语时，通常采用倒装语序。3.有时为了强调，可将谓语部分的分词或不定式置于句首，从而构成倒装。26 It sounds like something is wrong with the cars engine._，wed better take it to the garage immediately.(2011江苏卷)A.Otherwise B.If not C.But for that D.If so省略句 27 Dif so if it is so。it代指It sounds like something is wrong with the cars engine.这件事。28 Will he fail in the exam?_.A.Dont hope to B.Lets hope not C.Not hope so D.Lets hope not to29 B考查用so,not省略前面提到的事，表肯定与否定。so可代替单词、词组、句子，作believe,do,expect,guess,hope,fear,imagine,suppose,think等词的宾语；not代替否定的句子，用法与so相似。根据句意“(让)我们希望他考试不要失败”和语法规则，为了不重复别人的话，表示否定意义时，hope只用(I)hope not的形式。30 1.在时间、条件、让步等状语从句中，当从句的主语跟主句的主语一致时，从句的主语可以省略，同时将从句的谓语动词变成分词形式。2.在时间、地点、条件、让步等状语从句中，当从句的主语跟主句的主语一致或从句的主语是it,谓语是be动词时，从句的主语、谓语可省略。如when/if necessary。31 3.当句子的谓语部分省略时，若只用代词代替句子，则用代词的宾格形式。4.当省略不定式的内容时，则须保留小品词to。32it指代时间时，有如下一些句型：(1)It is(about/high)timefor sth.(for sb.)to do sth.that从句(should do/did，必须用虚拟语气)(2)It is/has been some time since从句(从句用一般过去时)(注意从句中延续性动词意义为否定。)it 的特殊用法【考点1】it 的指代作用33(3)It/This is the first/secondtimethat从句(必须使用现在完成时)(这是某人第次做了某事)(4)It was 时间点when从句(5)It was/will be some timebefore从句it 的特殊用法【考点1】it 的指代作用34 代替由不定式、动名词或从句所表示的真正主语；由于在翻译时，汉语习惯上会加上“这、那”之意，所以常见的干扰项就是this 和that。1.it 代替动词不定式或动名词充当句子的形式主语：(1)为平衡句子，通常把不定式作主语改为it 作形式主语，即：Its adj./n.for sb.to do sth.常见形容词：easy,difficult,convenient,possible 等。It is possible for me to make a tour around the world.【考点2】it 作形式主语35 Its adj.of sb.to do sth.常见形容词：kind,good,nice,wrong,careless,honest，wise,foolish,polite,clever,right,unwise,stupid,thoughtful,rude,silly,impolite等表示某人的品行的词语。It is honest of the boy to tell the truth.(2)It is no use/no good/useless/senseless doing sth.【考点2】it 作形式主语36 2.it 代替整个句子，放在句首充当形式主语：(1)It is adj./n.that从句 (2)It is ved that从句 常见过去分词：said,reported,known,expected,thought,believed,considered,suggested等。当表示命令、建议、坚持、忠告等意义时，从句要用虚拟语气(should)do。【考点2】it 作形式主语37 (3)It doesnt matter/makes no difference特殊疑问词/whether引导的从句 (4)It seems/appearsthat从句：似乎/好像 (5)It happensthat从句：碰巧，恰巧【考点2】it 作形式主语38 代替由不定式、动名词或从句所表示的真正宾语。1.主语think/consider/find/feel/believe/regard/make itadj./n.(for sb.)to do.2.主语think/consider/find/feel it no good/use doing sth.【考点3】it 作形式宾语39 3.主语believe/imagine/think/consider/find/feel/make/regard/it adj./n.that从句 4.主语hate/dislike/love/like it when从句(表示对某一情况的喜好或厌恶)5.主语appreciate it if从句 6.主语see to/answer for itthat从句(确保)主语depend on it that从句(指望，确信)【考点3】it 作形式宾语40注注意意：4、5、6为特殊句型：用it 代替其后的整个句子，it等于整个句子，但不能省略。【考点3】it 作形式宾语41