2023年2019-2020学年人教版英语必修1SectionⅠ知能演练轻松闯关.pdf

阅读理解AThomas Edison was born in 1847 in Ohio.People around found little Edison very bright because he often took things apart to see how they worked.In the early 1860s,he created his first important invention,a telegraphic(电报的)repeater that could send messages over a second line.At 21,he invented an electrical vote recorder and got his first patent(专利)for it.The next year he designed an improved stock ticker,a kind of electronic communications medium,and then set up a company to produce it.In 1874,he invented the quadruplex telegraph,a type of electrical telegraph.Edison built his first laboratory in Menlo Park,New Jersey when he was 30 years old.They often had several projects going at once,and it wasn t long before they started producing one invention after another,including such revolutionary inventions as the phonograph and the electric light.The lab was successful because of Edison s inventive talent,his strong determination,and his ability to inspire his assistants devotion by working so hard along with them and relaxing with them.The lab even had a pipe organ,a kind of musical instrument.After a long day of work,he would play the pipe organ while he and his assistants would sing along.The people who worked with him during those years would often say that those were the happiest days of their lives.Edison s goal was to create a small invention every ten days and a big invention every six months.Edison once said,“I always invented to gain money to go on inventing”，so the money wasn t really the goal for him.The money was used to make sure that he could continue his work.Eventually the lab at Menlo Park couldn t contain all of the work that he wanted to do,so Edison built a new laboratory complex in West Orange,New Jersey.Then he could undertake more projects with greater resources than had ever been possible before.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了爱迪生的部分发明成果及实验室。1What s the RIGHT time order for Edison s inventions mentioned in this passage?AA telegraphic repeater a phonographan electrical vote recorder.BAn electrical vote recorder a phonographa quadruplex telegraph.CA quadruplex telegraphan electrical vote recordera phonograph.DA telegraphic repeater an electrical vote recordera quadruplex telegraph.D解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的In the early 1860s,he created his first important invention.got his first patent(专利)for it.及 In 1874,he invented the quadruplex telegraph,a type of electrical telegraph.可知，a telegraphic repeater是在 19 世纪 60 年代早期发明的，an electrical vote recorder是 1868 年发明的，a quadruplex telegraph是 1874 年发明的，故可推出时间顺序。2Edison set up a company at 22 to_.Asell his unique artwork Bsell experimental materials Cproduce an electrical vote recorder Dproduce an improved stock ticker D解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的At 21,he invented an electrical vote recorder and got his first.and then set up a company to produce it.可知，爱迪生成立公司是为了生产一种改进的stock ticker。3What did Edison use the money from his inventions for?AHelping the poor.BTraveling to Europe.CBuilding many schools.DContinuing his invention work.D解析：细节理解题。根据第五段的Edison once said,“I always invented to gain money to go on inventing”，so the money wasn t really the goal for him.The money was used to make sure that he could continue his work.可知，Edison 靠发明赚钱只是为了维持其发明工作。4What can we learn from the passage?AEdison was a talented and determined person.BEdison got his first patent because of the electric light.CEdison s first laboratory was in West Orange,New Jersey.DEdison showed no interest in inventing things in his childhood.A解析：推理判断题。根据全文内容尤其是第四段的The lab was successful because of Edison s inventive talent,his strong determination.可推断，爱迪生是一个有才能并且很坚定的人。BTea is the second most popular drink in the world after water.There are different kinds of tea including green tea and black tea.A cup of tea 二段的可知爱迪生成立公司是为了生产一种改进的解析细节理解题根据第五段的可知靠发明赚钱只是为了维持其发明本文是一篇说明文本文主要介绍了茶包的发明过程解析推理判断题根据第一段的可知茶是世界上仅次于水的第二大饮始他使用丝绸制作茶包解析句意理解题根据画线句后面的可知茶包由发明的这个故事版本还没有得到证实完形填空救has become a part of our daily lives and our culture.Earlier,tea used to be made in large pots.Hot water was poured over a bunch of tea leaves even to make a single cup.It is believed that this led to waste of tea and that is where the story of the teabag comes in.It is more convenient and easier to use a teabag than to brew(沏)fresh tea leaves every time you want to make a cup of tea.With the help of teabags,tea was made available in places like offices and airplanes.In order to make tea taste good,you need to remove the dried leaves after brewing.With teabags,you can brew a great cup of tea without a tea strainer.“Who invented the teabag？”has been a question for a very long time.There are some interesting stories about this question,but the most popular one is of a New York tea businessman,Thomas Sullivan.In 1908,he sent samples of tea to his customers in small silk bags.A few of his customers thought that these bags were to be dipped(浸)in water to brew tea and so they did not empty out the tea.Sullivan did not realize this till the time he started receiving complaints from customers about the orders not being sent in bags.Then he started producing teabags and because of silk being too expensive he later used gauze(纱布)The popular Sullivan story lacks evidence.Whatever the truth may be,we will be ever so thankful to whoever came up with this wonderful product.Teabags have managed to make our lives so much easier.By the 1920s,teabags had successfully become the new way of drinking.It brought about a great change in our habit of drinking tea.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了茶包的发明过程。5What can we learn from Paragraph 1?AIt is a waste of time to brew tea in pots.BThe teabag was produced to replace traditional tea.CTea is second only to water as a popular drink.DGreen tea and black tea are most popular among all kinds of tea.C解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的Tea is the second most popular drink in the world after water.可知，茶是世界上仅次于水的第二大饮料。6What advantage does the teabag have according to Paragraph 2?AIt is easier to use.BIt saves more space.CIt makes the tea taste better.DIt provides more choices for people.A解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的内容可知，茶包的主要特点是方便人们使用。7What can we learn about Thomas Sullivan from the passage?AHe was a popular tea businessman in England.二段的可知爱迪生成立公司是为了生产一种改进的解析细节理解题根据第五段的可知靠发明赚钱只是为了维持其发明本文是一篇说明文本文主要介绍了茶包的发明过程解析推理判断题根据第一段的可知茶是世界上仅次于水的第二大饮始他使用丝绸制作茶包解析句意理解题根据画线句后面的可知茶包由发明的这个故事版本还没有得到证实完形填空救BHe taught his customers to use teabags.CHe used silk to make teabags at first.DHe liked drinking tea very much.C解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的In 1908,he sent samples of tea to his customers in small silk bags.可知，一开始他使用丝绸制作茶包。8What does the author mean by the underlined part in the last paragraph?AThe story has not been proven to be true.BThe story cannot explain all the truth.CThe story is hardly accepted by experts.DThe story provides evidence of the teabag s history.A解析：句意理解题。根据画线句后面的Whatever the truth may be,we will be ever so thankful to whoever came up with this wonderful product.可知，茶包由 Thomas Sullivan发明的这个故事版本还没有得到证实。完形填空The Great Depression started in 1929 and lasted until about 1939.During that time,many people lost their_1_ My parents were _2_ them.It was 1935 when I was 10 years old.We still _3_ on relief(救济)A few days before Christmas,I was washing the _4_ after dinner when I looked out of a kitchen window and saw my father sitting on the stoop(门廊),wearing a(n)_5_ face.A mailman saw him and asked him what was wrong.I heard my father say that he had _6_ his food vouchers(票券)and that the _7_ had gone beyond the time limit.He had tried to work as a laborer through the Works Progress Administration,but he _8_ because he wasn t a very _9_ man.The work was too hard for him.I was _10_，having seen newspaper pictures of people being _11_ out of the apartments with all their belongings.“How much do you need？”the mailman asked _12_My dad said he needed$33 for the rent.Without thinking twice,the mailman took out$50 from his wallet and _13_ it to my father.My dad said,“I don t know when I ll be able to pay you back.”The mailman put an arm around my father and _14_ him by saying,“Things will not be this way _15_ It doesn t matter _16_ you will pay me back.”The mailman _17_ me looking through the window and said,“There will be times in the future when someone _18_ your help.I hope you and your son _19_ today.Help them in your own _20_ and tell them what happened today.This will be my payback.Merry Christmas！”【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。美国大萧条时期，作者一家靠救济生活。有一天，二段的可知爱迪生成立公司是为了生产一种改进的解析细节理解题根据第五段的可知靠发明赚钱只是为了维持其发明本文是一篇说明文本文主要介绍了茶包的发明过程解析推理判断题根据第一段的可知茶是世界上仅次于水的第二大饮始他使用丝绸制作茶包解析句意理解题根据画线句后面的可知茶包由发明的这个故事版本还没有得到证实完形填空救父亲正在发愁时，一位邮递员无私的资助使他们得以摆脱困境。1A.skills Bjobs Cfamilies D houses B解析：根据上文的The Great Depression started in 1929 and lasted until about 1939.During that time,many people lost their.可知，经济大萧条时期很多人失去了“工作”。2A.for Bagainst Camong D between C解析：根据语境可知，作者的父母也在失业大军“当中”。3A.lived Bdecided Cresearched D worked A解析：根据语境可知，作者一家靠救济“生活”。4A.shoes Bdishes Csocks D feet B解析：根据下文的after dinner 以及 kitchen 可知，作者晚饭后正在厨房洗“碗碟”。5A.angry Bcurious Cconfused D anxious D解析：根据下文的A mailman saw him and asked him what was wrong.可知，父亲脸色应该是“忧虑的”。6A.given out Bused up Ccarried away D searched for B解析：根据上下文对一家人生活状况的描述可知，父亲告诉邮递员他的食物票券已经“用完”了。7A.report Bhomework Crent D check C解析：根据下文的My dad said he needed$33 for the rent.可知，这里指“房租”逾期。8A.agreed Bfailed Cpromised D regretted B解析：根据上文的He had tried to work as a laborer through the Works Progress Administration,but he.可知，父亲尝试通过这个组织找苦力活，可是他“失败”了。9A.strong Bclever 二段的可知爱迪生成立公司是为了生产一种改进的解析细节理解题根据第五段的可知靠发明赚钱只是为了维持其发明本文是一篇说明文本文主要介绍了茶包的发明过程解析推理判断题根据第一段的可知茶是世界上仅次于水的第二大饮始他使用丝绸制作茶包解析句意理解题根据画线句后面的可知茶包由发明的这个故事版本还没有得到证实完形填空救Chelpful D creative A解析：根据上文的as a laborer以及下文的The work was too hard for him.可知，因为父亲不是一个非常“强壮的”人。10 A.scared Bpuzzled Clonely D surprised A解析：根据下文的.having seen newspaper pictures of people being.out of the apartments with all their belongings.可知，作者想象自己一家也会像报纸上描写的一样被赶出来，所以很“害怕”那种情况的发生。11A.taken Bfigured Cpicked D kicked D解析：根据下文的.out of the apartments with all their belongings.可知，没钱付租金很可能就会被“赶”出住所。kick sb.out of a place意为“将某人赶出某地”。12 A.softly Bimpatiently Cexcitedly D slyly A解析：根据语境可知，那位邮递员“温和地”问：“你需要多少钱？”13 A.returned Bpointed Cshowed D handed D解析：根据语境可知，那位邮递员毫不犹豫地从钱包里拿出50 美元并将钱“递”给父亲。14 A.punished Bquestioned Ccriticized D encouraged D解析：根据下文邮递员所说的话可知，那位邮递员搂着父亲并“鼓励”他。15 A.soon Bforever Ccompletely D finally B解析：根据语境可知，眼前的艰难状况不会“永远”延续下去的。16 A.how Bwhether Cunless D until B解析：根据语境可知，那位邮递员说：“你还不还钱都没关系。”这里是 whether引导的主语从句。二段的可知爱迪生成立公司是为了生产一种改进的解析细节理解题根据第五段的可知靠发明赚钱只是为了维持其发明本文是一篇说明文本文主要介绍了茶包的发明过程解析推理判断题根据第一段的可知茶是世界上仅次于水的第二大饮始他使用丝绸制作茶包解析句意理解题根据画线句后面的可知茶包由发明的这个故事版本还没有得到证实完形填空救17 A.stopped Bkept Cnoticed D suggested C解析：根据语境可知，那位邮递员“注意到”我一直从窗口看着他们。18 A.refuses Bsupports Cexpects D receives C解析：根据语境可知，将来会有一天别人也“期待”你的帮助。19 A.remember Bmiss Cshare D record A解析：根据语境可知，我希望你和你儿子“记得”今天。20 A.mind Binterest Ctime D way D解析：根据语境可知，用你们自己的“方式”帮助他们并告诉他们今天发生的一切，就相当于还了这笔钱了。二段的可知爱迪生成立公司是为了生产一种改进的解析细节理解题根据第五段的可知靠发明赚钱只是为了维持其发明本文是一篇说明文本文主要介绍了茶包的发明过程解析推理判断题根据第一段的可知茶是世界上仅次于水的第二大饮始他使用丝绸制作茶包解析句意理解题根据画线句后面的可知茶包由发明的这个故事版本还没有得到证实完形填空救