2023年大学英语四级长篇阅读段落信息匹配题练习.pdf
英语四级长篇阅读段落信息匹配题练习（1）难度：适中 来源：网络收藏 30Directions:In this section,you are goingto reada passagewith ten statementsattachedto it.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgivenin oneof theparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichthe informationis derived.You maychoosea paragraphmorethanonce.Each paragraphis markedwitha letter.长篇阅读Paper-MorethanMeetstheEyeA)We are surroundedby so muchpaperand card thatit is easyto forgetjust howcomplexit is.Thereare manyvarietiesand gradesof papermaterials,and whilstit is fairlyeasytospotthe varieties,it is far moredifficultto spotthe grades.B)It needstobe understoodthatmostpaperandcardis manufacturedfora specificpurpose,so thatwhilstthecorn-flakepacketmaylooksmart,it is clearlynotsomethingdestinedfor the archives.It is madeto look good,but onlyneedsa limitedlife span.It isalsomuchcheaperto manufacturethanhighgradecard.C)Papercan be madefroman almostendlessvarietyof cellulose-basedmaterialwhichwillincludemanywoods,cottonsand grassesor whichpapyrusis an exampleand fromwherewegetthewordpaper.Manyof theseareveryspecialized,butthe preponderanceofpapermakinghas beenfromsoft woodand cottonor rags,with the bulk beingwood-based.PaperfromWoodD)In orderto makewoodinto paperit needsto be brokendowninto fine strands.Firstlybypowerfulmachineryandthenboiledwithstrongalkaliessuchas causticsoda,until a finepulpof cellulosefibersis produced.It is fromthispulpthatthefinalproductis made,relyingon the bondingtogetherof the celluloseinto layers.That,in a verysmallnutshell,is the essenceof papermakingfromwood.However,the realityis rathermorecomplicated.Inordertogiveusourwhitepaperandcard,themakerswill addbleachandothermaterialssuchas chinaclay and additionalchemicals.E)A furtherproblemwithwoodis thatit containsamaterialthatis notcellulose.Somethingcalledlignin.Thisis essentialforthetreesinceit holdsthecellulosefibrestogether,but if it is incorporatedinto the manufacturedpaperit presentsarchivistswithaproblem.Lignin eventuallybreaksdownand releasesacid productsinto the paper.This willweakenthebondbetweenthecellulosefibersandthepaperwill becomebrittleandlookratherbrownand careworn.We haveall seenthis in old newspapersand cheappaperbackbooks.It has beenestimatedthatmostpaperback bookswill havea life of not greaterthanfifty years.Not whatwe needfor our archives.F)Sincethelignincan be removedfromthepaperpulp duringmanufacture,theobviousquestionis whyis it left in the paper?The answerlies in the factthatligninmakesup aconsiderablepartof the tree.By leavingtheligninin the pulp a papermakercan increasehis paperyieldfroma treeto some95%.Removingit meansa yieldof only35%.It isclearlyuneconomicto removethe ligninfor manypaperand cardapplications.G)It alsomeans,of course,thatlignin-freepaperis goingto be moreexpensive,but thatisneverthelesswhatthearchivistmustlookforinhissupplies.Thereisnopointwhatsoeverin carefullyplacingour valuableartifactsin paperor card thatis goingto hastentheirdemise.Acid is particularlyharmfulto photographicmaterials,causingthemto fade的信息提示词可定位到文章第二段该部分最后提到在制造过程中比高等级的纸便宜根据题干中的信息提示词可定位到题干中的信息提示词可将答案定位到段该部分最后提到为了得到白纸纸张生产者在制造过程中添加了漂白粉和其他化它会使纸张变得易碎根据题干中的信息提示词可将答案定位到段该部分最后提到许多纸张生产者在生产过程中会保留and is somecasessimplyvanish!H)So,howdo wetell a pieceof suitablepaperor cardfromonethatis unsuitable?Youcannotdo it by simplylooking,andratherdisappointingly,youcannotalwaysrely on thelabel.Acid-freemightbe trueinasmuchas a teston thepapermayindicatethatit is aneutralmaterialat this time.But lignin can take yearsbeforeit startsthe inevitableprocessof breakingdown,and in the rightconditionsit will speedup enormously.I)Addedto this,as I haveindicatedearlier,papermayalsocontainothermaterialsaddedduringmanufacturesuch as bleach,chinaclay,chemicalwhitenersand size.This lookslikea bleakpicture,and it wouldbe but for the fact thatthereare supplierswhowill guaranteethematerialthattheysell.If youwantto be absolutelysurethatyouarestoringin,orprintingon,the correctmaterialthenthis is probablythe onlyway.J)Incidentally,acidscanmigratefrommaterialto material.Liningold shoeboxeswithgoodqualityacid-freepaperwill do little to guardthe contents.The acid will get therein theend.PaperfromRagK)Paperis alsocommonlymadefromcottonandragwaste.This hastheadvantageofbeinglignin-free,but becausethereis muchless cottonand rag thantrees,it also tendstobe muchmoreexpensivethanwoodpulppaper.You will still needto purchasefromareliablesourcethough,sinceevenrag paperand cardcan containundesirableadditives.L)A reliablesourcefor qualityragpapersis a recognizedart stockiest.Manywatercolorartistsinsiston usingonlyfine qualityrag paperand board.M)The mainlessonto learnfromthisinformationis thatyoucannotrelyon purchasingarchivalmaterialsfromthe high street.The only safesolutionis to purchasefromspecialistsuppliers.It maycostrathermore,but in theendyouwill knowthatyourimportantandvaluabledataand imageshavethe besthomepossible.1.The corn-flakepacketis cheaperthanhighgradecard.的信息提示词可定位到文章第二段该部分最后提到在制造过程中比高等级的纸便宜根据题干中的信息提示词可定位到题干中的信息提示词可将答案定位到段该部分最后提到为了得到白纸纸张生产者在制造过程中添加了漂白粉和其他化它会使纸张变得易碎根据题干中的信息提示词可将答案定位到段该部分最后提到许多纸张生产者在生产过程中会保留2.Thereare a lot of materialswhichcan be usedfor makingpaper,but the superiorityonesare softwood,cottonand rags.3.Duringthewholemanufacturingprocess,thefinalproductis madefroma pulpofcellulosefibres.4.In orderto makewhitepaperand card,the makerswill add bleach.5.Liguinis essentialfor the treebut it will makepapereasyto break.6.Manypaperproducerswill preserveligninduringmanufacture,becauseleavingtheligninwill makemorepaperfroma tree.7.Acid is particularlyharmfulto photographicmaterials.8.If the ligninis removedfromthe paper,the paperwill be moreexpensive.9.Althoughfree of lignin,papermadefromcottonand rag wastecan also cost moremoneythanwoodpulp paperbecausethereis muchless cottonand rag thantrees.10.Whatwe can learnfromPaperfromRag is thatyou had betterbuy archivalmaterialsfromspecialistsuppliers.文章精要：本文主要介绍了我们平常所见所用的纸的复杂性，通过介绍用木头和破布料造纸的过程，使我们对纸的类别、属性有了更深入的了解。答案参考：1.B 根据题干中的信息提示词 corn flakepacket,highgradecard,可定位到文章第二段，该部分最后提到 corn-flakepacket在制造过程中比高等级的纸(highgradecard)便宜.2.C 根据题干中的信息提示词 softwood，cottonand rags，可定位到文章第三段最后一句。的信息提示词可定位到文章第二段该部分最后提到在制造过程中比高等级的纸便宜根据题干中的信息提示词可定位到题干中的信息提示词可将答案定位到段该部分最后提到为了得到白纸纸张生产者在制造过程中添加了漂白粉和其他化它会使纸张变得易碎根据题干中的信息提示词可将答案定位到段该部分最后提到许多纸张生产者在生产过程中会保留3.D 根据题干中的信息提示词 final product，可将答案定位到 D 段，第二、三句提到最后的产品来源于纤维素纸浆。4.D 根据题干中的信息提示词 whitepaperand card，可将答案定位到 D 段，该部分最后提到为了得到白纸，纸张生产者在制造过程中添加了漂白粉和其他化学物质。5.E 根据题干中的信息提示词 essentialfor the tree，可将答案定位到 E 段，该部分提到木质素是木头的主要组成物，其作用是凝聚纤维素，但它会使纸张变得易碎。6.F 根据题干中的信息提示词 lignin，可将答案定位到 F 段，该部分最后提到许多纸张生产者在生产过程中会保留木质素，主要是因为它会增加树木的造纸产量。7.G 根据题干中的信息提示词 acid，可将答案定位到 G 段，该部分最后提到酸对相纸的原料尤其不利。8.F 根据题干中的信息提示词 lignin 和 paper可定位到文章的 F 段，因为该段提到，如果在纸张的生产中去除木质素，将会降低树木出产纸张的量，由此可以知道，去除了木质素的纸张价格必定会更加昂贵。9.K 根据题干中的信息提示词 cottonand rag waste可定位到文章的 K 段，该部分告诉我们，尽管用棉花和破布料造的纸里没有木质素，但它们要比木制的纸贵很多，这是因为棉花和破布料的数量比树木少得多，由此可以得出答案。10.M 根据题干中的信息提示词 PaperfromRa9 可定位到文章的最后一段，该部分提出最好到专业的供应商那里去买档案材料，由此可以得出答案。的信息提示词可定位到文章第二段该部分最后提到在制造过程中比高等级的纸便宜根据题干中的信息提示词可定位到题干中的信息提示词可将答案定位到段该部分最后提到为了得到白纸纸张生产者在制造过程中添加了漂白粉和其他化它会使纸张变得易碎根据题干中的信息提示词可将答案定位到段该部分最后提到许多纸张生产者在生产过程中会保留
