2023年江苏省南通市高考英语诊断试卷-普卷.docx

2023年江苏省南通市高考英语诊断试卷一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）AWriting for Academic PublicationOnline Session, 10 weeksDo you need to publish your research in an international journal ? If so, you are certainly not alone.However, writing for academic publication is not a “natural talent”it is a craft scholars need to learn and develop.This course is designed to give you the necessary tools for that craft, to write research articles in your specific field.This online course aims to help students develop an awareness of the Research Article （RA） genre, different approaches to RA development, and how to navigate （领航）the academic publishing process in general.The course is designed for international graduate students （MA and PhD） , but may be useful to anyone seeking to develop their RA writing skills.Participants may begin the course at any stage of the research process, but the course will be especially useful to those who already have some data collected. Open to graduate students and upper division （毕业水平）students working on major research projects. Students enrolling as undergraduates should contact the Summer English Language Studies office for registration permission.Involvement of the student's advisor is encouraged, but not a must.By the end of the course, you will demonstrate that you can write a draft of a full research article in your specific academic field.You can use this article as an example for new manuscripts you write in the future. Additional information about the course and instructor can be found on this page.Note： This is a unique opportunity this year to take this UC Berkeley course from anywhere in the world.This course does not require students to be in the Berkeley-area during the course.Students with internet access may enroll and participate in the course wherever it suits them.1. Who might be interested in the course? A. An undergraduate with great writing talents.B. A scholar hoping to have an essay published.(3)畅想未来。注意：(1)写作词数应为80左右；(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答；(3)参考词汇：成人礼一the Coming-Of-Age Rite。Dear teachers, parents and fellow guys,38.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。I had always enjoyed living in my flat on the top floor of a Victorian building in Wimbledon.Being so high up made me feel safe and secure, and I enjoyed wonderful views across the tree tops.I had never expected that I would experience a fire in the flat.One night I went to sleep as usual after setting my alarm clock for 7 am and switching off the bedside light.A few hours later, I woke up puzzled.! could smell smoke and I could see that the bedroom was extremely dark.Then I realized the room was so dark because it was filled with smoke.I immediately left my bed and stood by the door.I was in panic.I was also convinced that I had somehow caused the fire without knowing it.I thought, "What will my neighbors think? I must get rid of the smoke before it gets into their flats.1'I managed to make my way to the curtains and tried to draw them open.This simple everyday act proved quite beyond me.When I finally opened the window, I saw all my neighbors standing on the lawn below, tightly wrapped up in their dressing gowns (晨衣)against the December cold.Then T realized it wasn't me that had caused the fire.lt was someone else.Even though I had taken many fire awareness courses at work, I forgot everything I'd ever been taught at that time.My one instinct (本能) was to flee down the stairs."There*s a fire!Stay by the window!"someone shouted below the building.And that man's words of warning stopped me and helped save my life.If I had opened my front door at the top of the stairwell to escape, the flames raging below would have been drawn upwards by the rush of oxygen and would have swept over me in an instant.I knew I should go to the kitchen and wait for help by the window there.I knew the firemen would save me using a ladder.注意：(I)续写词数应为150左右；（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。So I went to the kitchen.Finally, the firemen arrived.To my great surprise, I was the only one trapped in the building.答案和解析13.【答案】B、B、A【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段 Do you need to publish your research in an international journal ?If so, you are certainly not alone.However,writing for academic publication is not a “natural talentnit is a craft scholars need to learn and develop.This course is designed to give you the necessary tools for that craft,to write research articles in your specific field.（你需要在国际期刊上发表你的研究吗？如果是这样的 话，你当然不是唯一一个。然而，为学术出版物写作并不是一种“天赋”，而是学者需要学习和发 展的一门工艺。这门课程旨在为你提供必要的工具，让你在特定领域写研究文章。）可知，一个 想要发表自己论文的学者可能会对这个课程感兴趣。故选B。（2）细节理解题。根据倒数第三段By the end of the course,you will demonstrate that you can write a draft of a full research article in your specific academic field. Y ou can use this article as an example for new manuscripts you write in the future.（在课程结束时，你将 证明你可以在你的特定学术领域写一篇完整的研究文章的草稿。你可以用这篇文章作为你将来写 新手稿的例子）可知，学生在课程结束时要为将来的研究论文写一份初稿。故选B。（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段中Students with internet access may enroll and participate in the course wherever it suits them.（有互联网 接入的学生可以在任何适合他们的地方注册和参加课程）可知，今年的课程的特别之处是它在网 上举行。故选A。这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一门学术刊物写作课程的情况。阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对 未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事 例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。47.【答案】【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段 In spring 2015, after 39 years with Columbia Pictures, I retired and found myself with lots of free time to spare. （2015 年春天，在哥伦比亚电影公司工作了 39 年之 后，我退休了，发现自己有很多空闲时间），第二段I decided to use that time to volunteer.While tutoring with the adult literacy （识字） program at my local library, a flyer （传单）for a neighborhood group called Westchester Villages caught my eye.Its main job is about matching agin g neighbors with local volunteers who help them in a number of different ways： Making short visits, being a walking partner, or driving to doctors' appointments and the like.（我决定利用那些时间去做 志愿者。当我在图书馆辅导成人扫盲项目时，一个名为Westchester Villages社区组织的传单引起 了我的注意。它的主要工作是为年迈的令居和当地的志愿者配对，志愿者可以在很多不同的方面 帮助他们：短暂拜访、做散步陪伴，或者开车带他们去看医生等等。）以及第三段中Pm usually available to stay with the person I'm driving during their visit and accompany them back to my car for the ride home.These drives also can be ideal times for relaxingconversation.Fve had many discussions with them, discovered many common interests,and heard numerous extended stories of past travels and family histories.（在他们去看医生期间，我通 常可以陪在他们身边，并陪他们开车回家。这些车程也可以是放松谈话的理想时间。我和他们有 很多讨论，发现了很多共同爱好，并且听到了大量的详尽的过去旅游和家庭历史的故事。）可知， 作者决定在他的空闲时间让年迈的邻居免费搭车，并陪他们去看医生。故选B。（2）细节理解题。根据第二段第一句I decided to use that time to volunteer.（我决定利用那些时间 去做志愿者。），第三段中 These drives also can be ideal times for relaxingconversation.Fve had many discussions with them, discovered many common interests,and heard numerous extended stories of past travels and family histories.（在他们去看医生期间，我通 常可以陪在他们身边，并陪他们开车回家。这些车程也可以是放松谈话的理想时间。我和他们有 很多讨论，发现了很多共同爱好，并且听到了大量的详尽的过去旅游和家庭历史的故事。）以及 第四段中 I often begin rides by reassuring （使放） a nervous neighbor by calmly saying, HI know where we're going, the most direct route, and the best place to park.You're in good hands with me.” （开 车之前，我经常安抚紧张的邻居，平静地说：“我知道我们要去哪里，最直接的路线，最好的停车 地点。有我在，你会得到很好的照顾。”）可知，作者是热衷于志愿者工作，同时对老人也很体贴。故选Bo（3）细节理解题。根据第四段中第二句 These driving experiences also have afforded me opportunities for reflection and insight.Fve come to feel united with the neighbors I have come to know, and a keener awareness of the aging process we all share.In living through so much time with them, I realize I'm going through the same stages.（这些驾驶经历也提供给了我反思和洞察的机会。我开始感觉到我和我所 认识的邻居们团结在一起，并且更加敏锐地认识到我们共同的衰老过程。和他们一起生活了这么 长时间，我意识到我也正在经历同样的阶段）可知，作者的驾驶经历让他想到自己的衰老过程。 故选Do（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段 A final irony for this movie lover is that I no longer need to go to a darkened theatre and gaze at a big screen in search of high drama. Whether it's a World War Il-era family story or anxiety about current events or good news from a doctor, I experience all from a decidedly front row seat.（对于我这个电影爱好者来说，最后的讽刺是，我再也不需要去昏暗的电影院，盯着大屏 幕寻找精彩的剧情了。无论是二战时期的家庭故事，还是对时事的焦虑，还是来自医生的好消息， 我绝对都是坐在前排体验的）可知，作者找到了一种新的体验生活的方式。故选C。本文是记叙文。通过讲述作者作为志愿者帮助老人的经历，让他找到了一种新的生活体验方式。 阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对 未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事 例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。811 .【答案】A、A、B、C【解析】（1）猜测词义题。根据划线词后文 To settle the matter once and for all, Nicholas Coles, a research scientist at Stanford University, organised the Many Smiles Collaboration to conduct an experiment that advocates, critics and those on the fence could all agree.（为 了劳永逸地解决这个 I句 题，斯坦福大学的研究科学家尼古拉斯科尔斯组织了“多微笑合作”组织，进行了一项支持者、批 评者和持中立态度的人都同意的实验）可知，后文提到了进行了一项支持者、批评者和持中立态 度的人都同意的实验，说明人们对这个观点有分歧，有人支持、有人批评，还有人中立。故划线 句意思是”人们对这个观点有分歧”。A. People are divided on the idea.人们对这个观点有分歧； B. People refuse to accept the idea.人们拒绝接受这个想法；C. The idea gains popularity quickly.这 个想法很快就流行起来；D. The idea has stood the test of time.这个想法经受住了时间的考验。故 选Ao（2）细节理解题。根据倒数第二段 Emotional experience appears to be built, in part,off of feedback or sensations from the nervous system.The accelerated heart can make people feel anxio us and the stretch of a smile can make them feel happy （情感体验似乎在某种程度上是建立在神经系 统的反馈或感觉之上的。心跳加速会让人感到焦虑，而微笑则会让人感到快乐）可知，心理学家 是根据志愿者的感受得出他们的发现的。故选A。（3）推理判断题。根据第五段"Some people believe that emotional experience is very cognitive 一 that*s it's driven by our evaluations of what's going on in the world.This work, however, suggests that it's also physiological," said Coles. "Emotional experience appears to be built, in part,off of feedback or sensations from the nervous system.The accelerated heart can make people feel anxio us and the stretch of a smile can make them feel happy, n he added.（”有些人认为情感体验是非常认 知的一它是由我们对世界上正在发生的事情的评估所驱动的。然而，这项研究表明，这也是生理 上的，”Coles说。”情感体验似乎在某种程度上是建立在神经系统的反馈或感觉之上的。心跳加速 会让人感到焦虑，而微笑则会让人感到快乐。”）可知，Coles在第5段说的话是为了陈述他的研 究发现。故选B。（4）推理判断题。根据最后一S Dr Magdalena Rychlowska, who works on facial expressions, emotions and culture at Queen*s University, Belfast,said such studies were "tremendously beneficial" for psychology. nAs a researcher working on how facia 1 movements influence our feelings,I am delighted to see that an independent study found support for the facial feedback assumption, n she said.（在贝尔法斯特女王大学研究面部表情、情绪和文化的Magdalena Rychlowska博士说, 这些研究对心理学”非常有益二她说：”作为一名研究面部运动如何影响我们感觉的研究人员，我 很高兴看到一项独立研究发现了对面部反馈假设的支持。可知，Rychlowska在研究发现中谈到 了其意义。A. Its ind叩endence.它的独立性；B. Its practical application.它的实际应用； C. Its significance.它的意义;D. Its appeal to the public.它对公众的吸引力。故选 C。这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了心理学家认为如果你想更快乐一点，先试着让自己看起来更快 乐一点。文章介绍了研究开展的过程以及发现。一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在 十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺 序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。二、看题干，带着问题读文章。首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对 文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。 其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系， 研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖 掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer, imply, suggest, indicate 等。四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量， 掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会“顺藤摸瓜”，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因 果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。1215.【答案】D、C、D、A【解析】(1)目的意图题。由本文第三段中的关键句The farm*s primary purpose has always been to support those in the community experiencing disadvantage.(该农场的主要目的一直是支持社I乂中处 于不利地位的人。)推断出农场的主要用途是帮助社区里的穷人。故选D。(2)细节理解题。由本文第五段中的关键句 Freeman says she is a big believer in the importance of "linking people to food systems and showing people what you can do”.When it comes to showing how to educate and engage the community, this farm is hard to beat. (Freeman 说，她坚信“将人们与食品系 统联系起来，并向人们展示你能做什么”的重要性。当谈到如何教育和参与社区时、这个农场是无 法替代的。)推断出Freeman坚信应该让让人们参与农业事务中去。故选C。(3)推理判断题。由本文倒数第三段中的关键句At that time, Ash and Shacklock were harvesting fast-growing turnips they had sown between cabbages to make the most of the growing space.(当时, Ash和Shacklock正在收割他们播种在卷心菜之间的快速生长的萝卜，以充分利用种植空间。)推 断出，在农场的卷心菜中间种萝卜是为了充分利用生长空间。故选D。(4)推理判断题。由本文最后一段中的关键句Freeman says that the farm has been Hin this amazing state of* change with many new projects under way.However, they are happening at a snaifs pace due to the farm*s focus on involving volunteers, especially people with disadvantage. (Freeman 说, 该农场 直处于”令人惊讶的状态”，许多新项目正在进行中。然而，由于农场专注于让志愿者，尤其是弱 势群体的参与，这些事情进展得非常缓慢。)推断出这些新项目旨在让志愿者参与进来。故选A。 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了科林伍德儿童农场的意义、目的和现状。阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有 标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料； 其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后， 带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强 的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求， 才能做到稳、准。1620.【答案】F、D、G、E、A【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据上文 Talents maybe artistic, technical, personal or social. Your talent needn't be rewarding or useful, but it will always be your own.（才能可以是艺术的、技术的、个人的 或社会的。你的才能不一定是有回报的或有用的，但它永远是你自己的。）以及后文That might take some work, but will benefit you a lot.（这可能需要一些工作，但会让你受益匪浅。）可知，上文论 述了才能得作用和意义，故推测本句旨在说明如何利用才能，故F. Learn to look for your talents and build them into abilities.（学会发现自己的才能，并将其转化为 能力。）符合语境，故选F。（2）联系上文题。根据上文 One of the best ways to find out what hidden talents you might have is to talk to people who know you best.We tend to overlook our abilities.（要发现自己隐臧的才能，最好的方法 之一就是和最了解你的人交谈。我们往往会忽视自己的能力。）可知，本句与上文构成因果关系， 指出“我们往往会忽视自己的能力”的结果是“我们经常错过让我们变得伟大的东西”。故D. So we miss out too often on what makes us great.（所以我们经常错过让我们变得伟大的东西。） 符合语境，故选D。（3）段落主题题。根据后文 Blind Willie Johnson was blinded, but it was just because of his blindness that he was thought to be a more talented guitar player.So don't let shortcomings or challenges discourage you from trying new things and developing talent.（盲人威利约翰逊失明了，但正是因为他的失明， 他才被认为是一个更有才华的吉他手。所以，不要让缺点或挑战阻碍你尝试新事物和发展才能。） 可知，上文的例子说明了如何利用自己的缺点来发挥自己的才能的道理。故G. You should face your weakness positively to develop your talent.（你应该积极面对自己的缺点来 发挥自己的才能。）符合语境，故选G。（4）联系下文题。根据后文 Some people think James Marshall nJimin Hendrix was the best guitar player of all time, but a classical musician may consider him to be of no talent.Don't let others tell you being an excellent rider isn*t a real talent, or that making good cheese doesn't count.(有些人认为詹姆斯马歇 尔“吉米,亨德里克斯是有史以来最好的吉他手，但古典音乐家可能会认为他没有天赋。不要让 别人告诉你，成为一名优秀的骑手不是真正的天赋，或者做好奶酪不算。)可知，后文对JamesMarshall "Jimi" Hendrix的不同评论，说明了人们对才能得看法并不相同。故E.Ideas about talents may vary from person to person.(对才能的看法因人而异。)符合语境，故选 Eo(5)归纳总结题。根据上文 Practice is also important.Even if you have no talent for the guitar, practicing two hours a day will guarantee you'll get a lot better.Someone who practices will always end up more talented than someone who never does.(练习也很重要。即使你没有弹吉他的天赋，每天练习两小 时也能保证你弹得更好。经常练习的人最终会比从不练习的人更有才华。)可知，本段主要强调 了练习的重要性，即付出努力才有回报。故A. Hard work always pays off.(努力总会有回报。) 符合语境，故选A。这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了什么是才能以及如何找出自己的才能并加以利用。关于选句填空的做题步骤：步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置： 标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。步骤五：区分相似项。21 35.【答案】A、D、C、B、B、C、D、A、C、A、B、C、C、B、D【解析】(1)考查动词及语境理解。A.crying哭泣；B.eating吃；C.talking谈话；D.phoning打电 话。句意：这位年轻女子坐在高速公路上一家小餐馆的后面桌子上哭泣，卡车司机都停在那里。 根据后文" she began to cry again J可知,女子在