2022-2023学年江苏省淮安市高二（下）期中英语试卷-普卷.docx

20222023学年江苏省淮安市高二（下）期中英语试卷一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）ABroadcom MASTERS® （Math, Applied Science, Technology and Engineering for Rising Stars） , a program of Society for Science & the Public, is a national science competition for middle school students.Here are four award winners this year.Rachel Bergey, 14, in Harleysville, Pennsylvania, won the $10, 000 Lemelson Award for Invention,awarded by The Lemelson Foundation to a young inventor creating promising solutions to real-world problems.Rachel developed a trap made of tinfoil （锡纸） and netting for the Spotted Lantern fl fly （斑 点灯笼蝇），a species causing damage to trees in Pennsylvania.Alaina Gassier, 14, in West Grove, Pennsylvania, won the $25, 000 Samueli Foundation Prize for her project reducing blind spots in cars.She designed a system that can display anything that might block the drivers line of sight.Alaina was inspired to create her device after seeing her mother struggle with blind spots in their family automobile.Sidor Clare, 14, in Sandy, Utah, won the $10, 000 Marconi/Samueli Award for Innovation, an honormade possible by Samueli*s generous donation of his 2012 Marconi Society Prize Award.Sidor developed bricks that could one day be made on Mars, so that humans would not be required to bring building materials in order to build there.Alexis MacAvoy, 14, in Hillsborough, California, won the $10, 000 Robert Wood Johnson FoundationAward for Health Advancement, recognizing her hard work and excellent performance in health-related fields.Alexis designed a water filter （过滤含岸） using carbon to remove heavy metals from water.The winners were selected by a group of distinguished scientists, engineers and educators.Each winner'sschool will receive $1, 000 from Broadcom MASTERS® to benefit their science programs.1. Why did Rachel invent a trap? A. To catch Spotted Lantern flies.B. To prevent traffic accidents.C. To beautify Pennsylvania.D. To grow green plants.47.用所学课文语段中的原词填空(1) life takes us and whatever choices are (2) out before us, something worth (3) is that our work, when done well, will not only help us make a living but also help make a life for ourselves and for others.We can take (4) in the knowledge that hard work is(5) for our individual well-being as well as for the benefit of our society as a whole.七、书面表达(本大题共1小题，共25.0分)48.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Agatha was in the library, reading the Girl Detective series, when she noticed something strange.Her best friends, Timmy and Florence, were talking to each other in whispers while keeping a good, safe distance from her!When she waved at them, they looked away.Things only got stranger in art class.Timmy and Florence went to sit at a different table from Agatha busy painting and glanced at her when they thought she wasnft looking.Now, Agatha considered herself to be something of a detective.After all, she had read many detective stories for children and even had an old broken magnifying glass (放大镜)abandoned by her father.When the rest of the class went out for lunch, she slipped to Timmy and Florence's table and examined it carefully with the magnifying glass.There was paint, and red and pink construction paper.What could they be doing? This was definitely a mystery that needed solving!After lunch Timmy and Florence chatted to her as if nothing was going on, but they kept smiling at her in a slightly strange way.Of course, Agatha could have asked them what they were up to, and they might have told her -but she wouldn't have a chance to become a detective!On the way home from school, Florence and her mum happened to walk ahead of Agatha and her mum.Agatha saw them go into the bookshop.Strange, again.Florence didn't read much一no matter how many detective stories Agatha recommended to her!The next day at school, Agatha kept an eye on her friends and tried to work out their mystery, but they seemed determined to keep things secret.She asked them if they would like to play with her after school, but they said they couldn't because they were busy.Even more mysterious*When Agatha's mum came to pick her up after school, she was so lost in the unsolved mystery that she hardly noticed her busy father was coming along, which was unusual.When they arrived home, her father said she could go into the living room.注意：(1)续写词数应为150左右：(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Opening the door of the living room, Agatha heard voices shout from darkness, “SURPRISE!”After eating the cake, Agatha got down to the business of opening her birthday presents.答案和解析13.【答案】A、C、B【解析】（1）推理判断题。由本文第二段中的关键句Rachel developed a trap made of tinfoil and netting for the Spotted Lanternfl fly , a species causing damage to trees in Pennsylvania. （Rachel 发明 了一种用锡纸和网制成的捕蝇器，用来捕Spotted Lanternflies,这种昆虫对宾夕法尼亚州的树木造 成了破坏。）推断出Rachel发明捕蝇器的目的是为了抓Spotted Lanternflies,故选A。（2）细节理解题。由本文第五段中的关键句Sidor developed bricks that could one day be made on Mars, so that humans would not be required to bring building materials in order to build there. （Sidor 开发出了有朝一日可以在火星上制造的砖块，这样人类就不需要带建筑材料去那里建造了。）推 断出Sidor Clare的发明和太空有关，故选C。（3）推理判断题。由本文倒数第二段的中的关键句Alexis MacAvoy, 14, in Hillsborough, California, won the $10, 000 Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Award for Health Advancement, recognizing her hard work and excellent performance in health-related fields. （14 岁的 Alexis MacAvoy 住在加州 Hillsborough,她获得了 1万美元的Robert Wood Johnson逊基金会健康促进奖，这是对她在健康 相关领域的辛勤工作和卓越表现的肯定。）推断出Alexis MacAvoy更加注意健康了。故选B。 本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是今年的Broadcom MASTERS®项目的四位获奖者的相关信息。 阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有 标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料； 其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后， 带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强 的针对性，对于捕获到的信息、，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求， 才能做到稳、准。47.【答案】B、B、C、D【解析】【文章大意】文章主要讲述了作者在学校开展SSR （持续静默阅读）的历程以及反思经 验。1 .根据第一段中的 SSR programs can be offered at actually any grade level.可知，SSR 计划适合所有 年级的学生。故选B。2 .根据第二段 Years later, when I returned to.follow-up activities and reading at least twice a week.（多 年后，当我回到南加州大学，我开始分析大量SSR研究样本，以确定是什么使它们有效，并发现 成功的计划共有五个关键因素：容易获得阅读材料，足够有趣的材料，老师的鼓励，后续活动， 每周至少阅读两次。）可知，成功的SSR计划取决于五个关键因素。故选B。3 .根据第四段中的 The result was that the students at my school outperformed （胜过）the other school in four areas: reading comprehension, positive attitudes toward reading, frequency of after-school pleasure reading, and use of a wider range of reading sources.（结果是，我校的学生在四个方面优于其他学校 的学生：阅读理解能力、积极的阅读态度、课后休闲阅读的频率和更广泛的阅读资源的使用。） 可知，作者的理想SSR计划帮助他的学生拥有了更好的阅读理解能力。故选C。4 .通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了作者改进自己的SSR计划，并分析出成功的SSR计划取决于五 个关键因素，后来作者通过这五个因素为学生创建了一个“理想的" SSR计划并取得成功。由此 可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是分享SSR计划的“操作方法”。故选D。811 .【答案】B、B、C、D【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段的 He didn't ask for favors from his friends or themed decorations.Instead, he held the celebration on Roblox.On the digital platform, which allows users to play and create a multitude of games, the boy threw himself a party to which he invited not just friends from school and Twitter, but also fans of the game .（他没有请求朋友帮忙，也没有请求主题装饰。相反， 他在Roblox上举行了庆祝活动。在数字平台上，用户可以玩和创造大量的游戏，男孩为自己举办 了一个派对，他不仅邀请了学校和Twitter上的朋友，还邀请了游戏的粉丝。）可知，作者提到 16岁的男孩的目的是阐明Roblox这个概念，故选B。（2）细节理解题。根据第二段的 For netizens, the idea of the "metaverse” 一 a sort of 3 D sequel to today*s 2 D internet, in which users work, play, buy and sell inside immersive virtual worlds （对网民 来说，“元宇宙”的概念种当今2D互联网的3D续作，用户在沉浸式虚拟世界中工作、娱乐、买卖）可知，人在元宇宙的3D虚拟世界中可以创建自己的社区。故选B。（3）观点态度题。根据第三段 A fully-fledged metaverse will help revolutionize several key sectors such as business, education, and science.（一个成熟的元宇宙将有助于商业、教育和科学等几个关键领 域的革命。）和倒数第二段的 If the metaverse is essentially an extension of the Internet we currently have, one only has to think about the countless problems that we have yet to solve in our online existence 一 hacking, catfishing, harassment, hate speech - to see how truly dangerous a future on the metaverse could be.（如果元宇宙本质上是一个我们目前互联网的延伸，你只需要想想我们在网络生活中无数有待解决的问题一一黑客，钓鱼，骚扰，仇恨言论，来看看元宇宙的未来会有多危险）可知， 作者既说了元宇宙的好处也讲到它可能带来的危险，因此作者对元宇宙的态度是客观的，即 objective,故选 C。（4）细节理解题。根据最后一段的 For now, though, everything is in the early stages.The evolution of the metaverse 一 if it happens at all 一 will be fought among tech giants for the next decade, or maybe even longer.（但就目前而言，一切都还处于早期阶段。元世界的演变一一如果真的发生的话一一 将在未来10年，甚至更长时间内在科技巨头之间展开。）可知，在元宇宙完全开发之前，还有很 长的路要走。故选D。本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是3D虚拟世界在一些领域的运用。阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对 未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事 例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。1215.【答案】B、D、C、A【解析】（1） B.推理判断题。根据第二段第一句"In the study,the UK researchers let 29 healthy men and women take part in three different overnight experiments."（在这项研究中，英国研究人员让 29 名健康的男性和女性参加三项不同的夜间实验。）可知，这项实验将研究对象分成三组，通过对 比得到实验结果。故选B.（2） D.推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句"However,strong black coffee consumed before breakfast increased the blood sugar response by around 50 percent.n（然而，早餐前饮用浓咖啡会使血糖反应增 力口 50% 左右。）和第四段第句” “By drinking such kind of drink after breakfast,UK researchers found that our bodies,ability to break down our food healthily is completely improved.（通过在早餐后喝这种 饮料，英国的研究人员发现，我们的身体，分解我们食物的能力完全提高了。）可知，在不同的 时间喝咖啡对健康有不同的影响。故选D.（3） C.推理判断题。根据最后一段倒第二句"Up to now we have had limited knowledge about what this is doing to our bodies,in particular for our metabolic and blood sugar control,so we have a long way to （至 目前为止，我们对它对我们身体的影响知之甚少，尤其是对我们的新陈代谢和血糖的控制，所以 我们还有很长的路要走。），所以James Bette认为这项研究还会继续。故选C.（4） A.主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句"Drinking coffee as soon as one wakes up from a night's sleep greatly affects metabolism （新陈代谢）and blood sugar responses/1,（睡觉醒来就喝咖啡会极大地 影响新陈代谢和血糖反应。）以及下文的具体介绍可知，文章主要是讲早餐前喝咖啡的危害。故 选A.这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项关于早餐前喝咖啡的危害的研究，研究表明醒来就喝咖啡极大 地影响新陈代谢和血糖水平。阅读理解，要先通读全文，再结合题目到文章中针对性的寻找与题目相关的细节，抓关键词、关 键句，仔细推敲，结合选项，逐一排除，如是错误选项，一定要明白表达错误所在；如是正确选 项，一定是完全符合原文作者所要表达的意思、观点或想法，或与文章中某些细节完全相符。162（） .【答案】G、B、E、D、C【解析】（1）联系下文题。There are some factors that should be considered.（有一些因素需要 考虑。）可知取名字并不简单，G选项”因此，给孩子取一个名字一点也不简单。”说明了取名字 不简单，要考虑很多因素，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选G。（2）细节理解题。由空前 Other than the sex difference, the other significant difference of children's names is between modern and traditional names.（除了性别差异外，儿童姓名的其他显著差异体现在 现代姓名和传统姓名之间。）可知，本段要比较现代姓名和传统姓名，空后A modern name is one that is usually made-up, which seems to be creative or meaningful, like Jayden or Dallas.（现代的名 字通常是编造出来的，看起来有创意或有意义，比如Jayden或Dallas。）因此空格处应介绍传统 姓名，B选项”传统的名字是广为人知的。”介绍了什么是传统的名字，因此B选项承上启下，符 合语境，故选B。（3）段落主题题。空格处是本段的主题句，由空后Many parents need their kids to have traditional names.Picking a traditional name has always been a protected decision for parents （许多父母希望他们 的孩子有传统的名字。选择一个传统的名字对父母来说一直是一个受保护的决定。）可知，本段 主要讲的是给孩子取名字是父母的决定，E选项”给孩子起名实际上取决于父母的意图。”说明了 给孩子取名字由父母决定，因此概括了本段主题，可作为主题句，故选E。（4）联系上文题。空前 But one of the disadvantages is that traditional names are too normal and usually used by many people.（但传统名字的缺点之一是太普遍，通常被许多人使用。）D选项”一个孩子 可能会发现他不是班里唯一的吆勺翰”举实际例子说明了有的名字会被很多人使用，承接上文, 符合语境，故选D。（5） 联系下文题 o 空后 It may take a long time to remember the modern name of a person. （t 己住个 人的现代名字可能需要很长时间。)C选项”被别人记住也相当困难。”说明了人记住名字要花很 长时间，和后文内容相符，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选C。本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是给孩子取名字的时候需要考虑的一些因素。关于选句填空的做题步骤：步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置： 标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。步骤五：区分相似项。21 35,【答案】A、C、D、A、B、C、B、A、D、B、C、D、B、D、A【解析】(1)考查动词及语境理解。A.spotted看见；B.greeted问候;C.supported支持;D.served 服务。句意：他在哈克特斯敦商店工作的时候看见70岁的员工诺拉坐在休息室里。根据下文“a nearly 70-year-old employee sitting in the break room”可知 Devan 看见了坐在休息室里的诺拉，故选 A项。(2)考查形容词及语境理解。A.old-fashioned过时的；B.broad-minded心胸开阔的；C.sad-looking 看上去很忧伤的；D.easy-going易相处的。句意：她看上去很忧伤。根据下文"Life shouldn't be this hard”可知诺拉的脸上带着忧伤，故选C项。(3)考查动词及语境理解。A.confirmed 证实；B.simplified 简化；C.clarified 澄清；D.accompanied 陪伴。句意：他拍了一段录像并发在一个社交网站上，附上了一句令人心碎的话：生活本不应该 如此艰辛。根据下文"the heart-breaking words”可知是在视频下方附上了一句话，故选D项。(4)考查名词及语境理解。A.comments评论，留言；B.discussions讨论;C.announcements宣告， 公告；D.debates辩论。句意：近两千万人浏览了 Devan的视频，39000多条评论希望Devan做点 什么帮助这位老太太。根据上文"Nearly 20 million people viewed Devan*s video”可知大量网友留言， 故选A项。(5)考查名词及语境理解。A.permission 允许；B.encouragement 鼓励；C.progress 进步；D.courage 勇气。句意：在他们的鼓励之下，Devan为诺拉发起了 GoFundMe, 24小时之内他已经募集了超 过十万美元。根据上文"demanded he do something to help the old lady”可知网友鼓励Devan为诺拉 做点有帮助的事，故选B项。(6)考查动词及语境理解。A.borrowed借；B.saved拯救，节约；C.raised募集；D.earned赚。句 意：在他们的鼓励之下，Devan为诺拉发起了 GoFundMe, 24小时之内他已经募集了超过十万美 元。根据下文“。ver $ 100 , 000”可知是募集了超过十万美元资金，故选C项。(7)考查动词及语境理解。A.admit承认；B.believe认为；C.agree同意；D.remember记得。句意： 网友认为你是一个很努力的人。根据下文"youTe a very hard worker”可知网友认为诺拉工作努力， 故选B项。(8)考查副词及语境理解。Afnancially经济上地；B.honestly诚实地；C.gradually逐渐地； D.technically技术上地。句意：他们都以你为荣，并希望在经济上帮助你渡过难关。根据上文“the donations hit $ 110, 000”可知网友们希望从经济上帮助诺拉,故选A项。(9)考查非谓语动词及语境理解。A.convinced信服的;B.amused高兴的;C.surprised感到惊讶 的；D.touched感动的。句意：诺拉非常感动，因为她急需付房贷。根据下文"because she badly needed to pay off the mortgage on her house”可知诺拉因为网友帮助她募集资金付了房贷而感动，故选D项。(10)考查动词及语境理解。A.Fearing害怕;B.Learning得知；C.Predi考ng预测;D.Reminding 提醒。句意：得知她还需要六万美元付房贷，Devan决定继续他的善意。根据下文"she needed another $ 60, 000”可知是诺拉告诉Devan自己仍需要资金付房贷，故选B项。(11)考查动词词组及语境理解。A.referto提到:B.giveup放弃;C.pay for支付;D.put back推 迟。句意：得知她还需要六万美元付房贷，Devan决定继续他的善意。根据下文"the mortgage”可 知是要支付房贷，故选C项。(12)考查名词及语境理解。A.faith信念；B.honor荣誉;C.determination决定；D.kindness善意。 句意：得知她还需要六万美元付房贷,Devan决定继续他的善意。根据第三段最后一句"Devan started 6(皿(业1。£0小0怙”可知Devan发起了 GoFundMe帮助诺拉渡过难关,这是出于善意，现在Devan 要继续他的善意，故选D项。(13)考查动词及语境理解。A.returned返回；B.opened打开；C.carried搬运;D.placed放置。句 意：他把诺拉的故事发在了网上，更多的人打开钱包帮助她。根据上文"because she badly needed。 pay off the mortgage on her house”可知诺拉需要钱，再根据下文的"their wallets”可知人们打开钱包 帮助诺拉，故选B项。(14)考查名词及语境理解。A.stage阶段；B.chance机会；C.goal目标;D.figure数字。句意：她 的GoFundMe捐款迅速增加，超过她需要的数目。根据上文she needed another $ 60, 000可知 捐款的数额已经超过了六万美元这个数字，故选D项。(15)考查动词及语境理解。A.retire退休；B.forgive原谅;C.leave离开;D.understand理解。句 意：现在诺拉终于可以退休了。根据第二段第二句"He was working at the Hackettstown store when he spotted Nola, a nearly 70-year-old employee sitting in the break room”可知诺拉到了退休年龄依然要 工作，不能退休，经过网友们的帮助，诺拉终于可以退休了，故选A项。本文是一篇记叙文。19岁的DevanBonagura刚刚参加工作，当他看到员工诺拉为了还房货，将近 70岁了还在工作，于是，他为诺拉发起了全网捐赠活动，最后成功帮助了她，让她能够安度晚年。 近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高。 做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一 至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选 择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章， 检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。36【答案】【小题1】filing【小题2】accuracy小题3 with【小题4】randomly【小题5】listened【小题6 An【小题7】published【小题8 which【小题9】solutions【小题10 to flow【解析】（1）考查动名词。句意：在工作中听愉快的音乐可以帮助你更快地完成任务，尤其是当 你在做一些重复的事情时，比如查看电子邮件或归档文件。此处用动名词与checking并列，作such as的宾语，故填filing。（2）考查不可数名词。句意：最近的一项研究还发现，当外科医生在背景音乐中工作时，他们的 准确性和效率都有所提高。结合句意和the可知，此处用名词与efficiency并列，作主语，表示” 准确性”，为不可数名词，故填accuracy。（3）考查介词。句意：最近的一项研究还发现，当外科医生在背景音乐中工作时，他们的准确性 和效率都有所提高。with表示“伴随，有”，符合句意，故填with。（4）考查副词。句意：科学家随机分配焦虑的患者在按摩治疗期间或躺在昏暗的房间里听音乐。此处用副词作状语修饰assigned,故填randomly0(5)考查动词时态。句意：三个月后，那些只听音乐的人和那些也做过按摩的人一样，焦虑情绪 有所下降。结合句意和got可知，此处用一般过去时，故填listened。(6)考查冠词。句意：2015年发表在柳叶刀上的对73项研究的分析证实，在手术前、手术 中或手术后听音乐可以改善焦虑和疼痛水平，这反过来意味着更少的止痛药。结合句意可知，此 处表示泛指，故用不定冠词，analysis为元音音素开头的单词，且首字母大写，故填An。(7)考查过去分词。句意：2015年发表在柳叶刀上的对73项研究的分析证实，在手术前、 手术中或手术后听音乐可以改善焦虑和疼痛水平，这反过来意味