英语写作指导-言简意赅的非谓语动词.docx

英语写作指导-言简意赅的非谓语动词在写作中，如果出现太多的简单句，会让人觉得单调乏味，水平不高；而如果出现太多的复 合句会让人觉得读起来费劲。所以适当地使用非谓语动词对简单句和复合句进行转换，不但显得 句式丰富，而且提升了文章的档次。1.运用非谓语动词转换简单句运用非谓语动词转换简单句可采用“三步法”。第一步：写出两个简单句。(1)1 felt quite sorry for that.(2)1 began to think about what to do to help.第二步：根据两个简单句的意思找出两个句子的对接点，让一个简单句作为主句，另一个简 单句用非谓语动词进行改写。让句作为主句，用非谓语动词改写句(1)。第三步：根据主句主语和动词之间的关系来确定用何种非谓语动词。主句的主语是I,与动词felt之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作状语。Feeling quite sorry for that, I began to think about what to do to help.常用转换的其他例子：(1)农场位于我们学校附近的山脚下，被绿树环绕。(202。全国卷n书面表达)The farm is surrounded by green trees. The farm is located at the foot of the hill near our school.Surrounded by green trees, the farm is located at the foot of the hill near our school.(过去分词 作状语)(2)首先，我从小就接触过外教，可以用英语自由地与他人交流。(2019全国卷I书面表达)First of alL I have been exposed to foreign teachers since a young age.I can communicate freely with others in English.f First of all, having been exposed to foreign teachers since a young age, I can communicate freely with others in English.(现在分词作原因状语)(3)它是一个让你了解我们学校历史的更好的机会。It is a better chance for you. You should learn about the history of our school.fit is a better chance for you to learn about the history of our school.(动词不定式作主语)2 .用非谓语动词转换复合句，使语言简练相对于用非谓语动词转化简单句，转化复合句相对要简单一些，只需要两步。因为需要转化 的一般是从句部分，只要根据主句的主语和从句谓语动词的逻辑关系判断用哪种非谓语动词，再 确定好时态语态即可。第一步：写出复合句。After we had practiced playing basketball for almost two months, we strongly desired to be the winner.第二步：把after引导的时间状语从句转换为非谓语动词，practice与we之间为主谓关系，且 表示完成，故用动词一ing形式的完成式作状语。Having practiced playing basketball for almost two months, we strongly desired to be the winner.转换的几个其他例子：(1)从每个班选出的学生参加了比赛。(2020.新全国卷I书面表达)The students who were selected from every class took part in the competition.f The students selected from every class took part in the competition.(过去分词作后置定语)(2)因为不知道如何解这个难题，他求助老师。Because he didn't know how to work out the difficult problem, he asked the teacher for help.-*Not knowing how to work out the difficult problem, he asked the teacher for help.(现在分词作 原因状语)(3)由于老师的帮助，我的英语进步很大。因为我的英语进步很大，我确信我能考上更好的大 学。Because my teacher helps me, my English has greatly improved.Because my English has greatly improved, I'm sure I will go to a better university.f With my teacher helping me, my English has greatly improved.Because of this, Fm sure I will go to a better university.简析：“原句”两处重复出现由because引导的从句，读起来很别扭。换用“with+现在分词 的复合结构”及“because of”后，读起来给人的感觉大不一样。(4)因为天热，我们去游泳了。As it was hot, we went swimming.-*It being hot, we went swimming.(5)如果天气允许的话，我会去那儿。If weather permits, I will go there.一 Weather permitting, I will go there.3 .注意在写作中非谓语动词的常用句型(l)remain to be done 有待于被Many questions have to be settled and much remains to be done in our educational work.我们的教育工作中还有许多问题要解决，还有许多事情要去做。(2)连词 when/while/unless/although.+doing/doneWhen searching for some information, we can operate by touching the screen.当查找一些信息时，我们可以通过触摸屏来操作。(3)compared with/to与比较Compared with the escaped driver, I am proud of what I did.与逃逸的司机相比，我为自己所做的事感到非常自豪。(4)be said/reported/considered.to do据说/报道/认为A bus full of passengers was reported to have gone out of control on a highway south of the city. 据报道一辆满载乘客的公共汽车在城南的一条公路上失去了控制。即时训练句型转换1. The letter that was posted yesterday will reach her next week.f The letterposted yesterday will reach her next week.2. (2019全国卷HI,书面表达)I'm writing to invite you to take part in the music festival which is arranged at 7 00 p. m. next Sunday.f I'm writing to invite you to take part in the music festivalarranged at 7 00 p m. next Sunday .3. The building that is being built now will be our library.f The building being built now will be our library.4. Though they were beaten by the opposite team, the players were not discouraged and practised even harder.- Beaten by the opposite team，the players were not discouraged and practised even harder.5. （2019全国卷 I 书面表达）When I know a Chinese painting exhibition will be held at the gallery next month, I am writing to apply to become a volunteer.一 Knowing a Chinese painting exhibition will be held at the gallery next month , I am writing to apply to become a volunteer.绘合演练补全句子1 . （2021全国高考乙卷书面表达）面对互联网上的各种信息，我们分不清真假，这可能对我们 的学习和生活有害。Faced with all kinds of information ok the internet , We can't tell the difference between the true and the false, which may be harmful to our study and life.2 . （2019全国卷n书面表达）希望你能代表我们队参加比赛。You are sincerely expected to take part in the game representing our team .3 .此外，我曾在我们学校70周年庆典上作接待员，使我更加自信。Whafs more, I have ever served as a receptionist in our school's 70th anniversary celebration, making myself more confident .4 .他让我等了很长时间，这让我很不高兴。He kept me waiting for a long time , which made me upset.5 .在我校英文报中有一个“外国文化”栏目，旨在介绍美国习俗。In the English newspaper of our school, there is a column called "Foreign Cultures"，aiming to introduce American customs .6 .如果你对这件事感兴趣，让我知道，我会发送给你更多的信息。If you are interested in it , let me know and Fil send you more information.7 .它包含由外国朋友所写的关于他们国家文化的文章。It contains articles written by foreign friends about the cultures of their home countries.8 .为了解决这个问题，我想制定一项规则，整个班级时不时地集体讲课。To get this pioblem solved，I'd like to set up a mle that the whole class work in groups to givelessons once in a while.