2023年2021高考专题英语拆分组合练4 阅读理解提速练 含解析.pdf

晨鸟教育 高考题型拆分组合练(四)阅读理解提速练 阅读理解 A(2019 福建省三校联考)The things that kids choose to play with can affect our earth.The manufacturing of toys and games can produce harmful pollution and non biodegradable waste，which is harmful for our planet.But some toymakers are creating items for kids that aim higher.They use natural or non-harmful materials，and find ways to reuse and recycle.Toys and kits(成 套工具)can also teach kids about environmentally friendly solutions.Here are a few of our favorite low-impact，fun toys.Test the water Water is the earths most precious natural resource.Many people take it for granted，but not everybody in the world has access to clean water.Learn about the science behind one solution with Thames&Kosmos Global Water Quality Experiment Kit.The kit comes with tools and instructions for conducting eight important experiments including testing the quality of water and making dirty water cleaner.($15)Plant tomatoes When communities in dry，desert regions experience drought，it impacts their agricultural practices.Learn about water preservation and grow delicious cherry tomatoes with Back to the Roots Self Watering Tomato Planter.It features technology that African desert farmers have been using for thousands of years：a miniature clay pot releases water，but only when the surrounding soil has dried up.($30)Draw with veggies Wee Can Toos Veggie Sidewalk Chalk is made from fruit and vegetable powders its practically safe to eat！The chalk，created using environmentally friendly ingredients，has none of the chemicals found in your typical sidewalk chalk.When the rain comes and washes away your masterpiece，no harmful pollutants will be entering the environment.($12)Create with cardboard When cardboard breaks down in a landfill，it creates methane，a major greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming.Recycled cardboard can be transformed into a work of art with the Cardboard Tool Kit from UncommonGoods.The Earlybird尾句可知该玩具的特点是使用了非洲沙漠地区的农民已经使用了数千年的技术当周围的土壤干涸时微型陶罐才可以放 充分发挥人的象力故项正确考查细节理解根据第一段第四五句并结合四种玩具的特点介绍可知这四种玩具的共同点是 目睹了大象的悲惨遭遇呼吁人们关注大象的命运考查细节理解题干问作者为什么决定回来句中的应该是答案信息继续 晨鸟教育 kit comes with 28 reusable parts for fastening cardboard pieces together.Now let your imagination go wild！($13)【语篇解读】本文是一篇广告类应用文，主要介绍了四种环保的儿童玩具，包括玩具名称、设计特点、材料来源以及价格等。1 What is special about Back to the Roots small clay pot?A It is very pretty.B It is a recent invention.C It can improve tomatoes taste.D It uses technology against drought.D 考查推理判断。根据第三段尾句可知，该玩具的特点是使用了非洲沙漠 地区的农民已经使用了数千年的技术：当周围的土壤干涸时，微型陶罐才可以放 水。据此可推知，这种玩具的特点是使用了抗旱技术，故 D 项正确。2 Which product needs users to be imaginative?A Cardboard Tool Kit.B Veggie Sidewalk Chalk.C Self Watering Tomato Planter.D Global Water Quality Experiment Kit.A 考查细节理解。根据尾段的内容，尤其是最后一句“Now let your imagination go wild！”可知，Cardboard Tool Kit 可以充分发挥人的想象力，故 A 项正确。3 What do the four products have in common?A They are hard to use.B They are earth-friendly toys.C They are good for kids health.D They are great choices for art lovers.B 考查细节理解。根据第一段第四、五句并结合四种玩具的特点介绍可知，这四种玩具的共同点是环保，故 B 项正确。B(2020 安徽合肥八校第一次联考)Ive come back to check on a baby.Just after dusk Im in a car down a muddy road in the rain，past rows of shackled(戴镣铐的)elephants，their trunks swinging.I was 尾句可知该玩具的特点是使用了非洲沙漠地区的农民已经使用了数千年的技术当周围的土壤干涸时微型陶罐才可以放 充分发挥人的象力故项正确考查细节理解根据第一段第四五句并结合四种玩具的特点介绍可知这四种玩具的共同点是 目睹了大象的悲惨遭遇呼吁人们关注大象的命运考查细节理解题干问作者为什么决定回来句中的应该是答案信息继续 Earlybird尾句可知该玩具的特点是使用了非洲沙漠地区的农民已经使用了数千年的技术当周围的土壤干涸时微型陶罐才可以放 充分发挥人的象力故项正确考查细节理解根据第一段第四五句并结合四种玩具的特点介绍可知这四种玩具的共同点是 目睹了大象的悲惨遭遇呼吁人们关注大象的命运考查细节理解题干问作者为什么决定回来句中的应该是答案信息继续 晨鸟教育 here five hours before，when the sun was high and hot and tourists were on elephants backs.Walking now，I can barely see the path in the glow of my phones flashlight.When the wooden fence post stops me short，I point my light down and follow a current of rainwater across the concrete floor until it washes up against three large，gray feet.A fourth foot twisted above the surface，tied tightly by a short chain and choked by a ring of metal spikes(尖刺)When the elephant tires and puts her foot down，the spikes press deeper into her ankle.Meena is four years and two months old，still a child as elephants go.Khammon Kongkhaw，her caretaker，told me earlier that Meena wears the spiked chain because she tends to kick.Kongkhaw has been responsible for Meena here at Maetaman Elephant Adventure，near Chiang Mai，in northern Thailand，since Meena was 11 months old.He said he keeps her on the spiked chain only during the day and takes it off at night.But its night now.I ask Jin Laoshen，the Maetaman worker who accompanies me on this night time visit，why her chain is still on.He says he doesnt know.Maetaman is one of many animal attractions in and around tourist-crowded Chiang Mai.Meenas life is set to follow the same track as many of the roughly 3，800 captive(被 关 起 来 的)elephants in Thailand.When Meena is too old or sick to give rides maybe at 55，maybe at 75 shell die.If shes lucky，shell get a few years of retirement.Shell spend most of her life on a chain.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在泰国目睹了大象的悲惨遭遇，呼 吁人们关注大象的命运。4 Why does the author decide to come back?A She wants to check on baby elephant Meena.B She wants to feed those shackled elephants.C She wants to release those shackled elephants.D She knows a baby is in need of help urgently.A 考查细节理解。题干问“作者为什么决定回来”，句中的 baby 应该是答 案信息，继续往下读可以得知 baby 是指那只戴镣铐的小象。由此可知作者回来检 查是因为不放心小象 Meena。尾句可知该玩具的特点是使用了非洲沙漠地区的农民已经使用了数千年的技术当周围的土壤干涸时微型陶罐才可以放 充分发挥人的象力故项正确考查细节理解根据第一段第四五句并结合四种玩具的特点介绍可知这四种玩具的共同点是 目睹了大象的悲惨遭遇呼吁人们关注大象的命运考查细节理解题干问作者为什么决定回来句中的应该是答案信息继续 Earlybird尾句可知该玩具的特点是使用了非洲沙漠地区的农民已经使用了数千年的技术当周围的土壤干涸时微型陶罐才可以放 充分发挥人的象力故项正确考查细节理解根据第一段第四五句并结合四种玩具的特点介绍可知这四种玩具的共同点是 目睹了大象的悲惨遭遇呼吁人们关注大象的命运考查细节理解题干问作者为什么决定回来句中的应该是答案信息继续 晨鸟教育 5 What can we conclude from the second paragraph?A The author is scared to walk in the path.B Meena is treated badly and is very painful.C Meena only has three healthy legs.D One of Meenas leg is badly broken.B 考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“A fourth foot twisted above the surface，tied tightly by a short chain and choked by a ring of metal spikes(尖刺).the spikes press deeper into her ankle”可知，小象 Meena 被带刺的铁链拴着，一只脚不能落 下，由此可知小象被虐待，并且很痛苦。6 Whats the authors attitude towards those elephants?A Indifferent.B Critical.C Sympathetic.D Negative.C 考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“He said he keeps her on the spiked chain only during the day and takes it off at night.But its night now”并结合全文作者对大象 悲惨命运的描写可知，作者对这些被人类囚禁用于营利的动物表示同情。indifferent 漠不关心的；critical 批判性的；sympathetic 同情的；negative 消极的。7 We can infer that the purpose of the authors writing the passage is A to describe those elephants to attract tourists around the world B to appeal to people to care about the fate of those elephants C to tell readers the story of a baby elephant in Chiang Mai，Thailand D to tell the reason why the number of elephants is decreasing B 考查写作意图。根据本文判断，作者同情那些被旅游地用来吸引游客的 被囚禁的大象的命运，作者写本文就是为了呼吁人们去关心这些大象的命运。C(2019 武昌区调研考试)Parents complain about their teenagers noses constantly in their phones，but they might want to pay attention to their own screen time habits.A study out Wednesday from the Pew Research Center found that two thirds of parents are concerned about the amount of time their teenage children spend in front of screens，while more than a third express concern about their own screen time.Meanwhile，more than half of teens said they often or sometimes find their 尾句可知该玩具的特点是使用了非洲沙漠地区的农民已经使用了数千年的技术当周围的土壤干涸时微型陶罐才可以放 充分发挥人的象力故项正确考查细节理解根据第一段第四五句并结合四种玩具的特点介绍可知这四种玩具的共同点是 目睹了大象的悲惨遭遇呼吁人们关注大象的命运考查细节理解题干问作者为什么决定回来句中的应该是答案信息继续 Earlybird尾句可知该玩具的特点是使用了非洲沙漠地区的农民已经使用了数千年的技术当周围的土壤干涸时微型陶罐才可以放 充分发挥人的象力故项正确考查细节理解根据第一段第四五句并结合四种玩具的特点介绍可知这四种玩具的共同点是 目睹了大象的悲惨遭遇呼吁人们关注大象的命运考查细节理解题干问作者为什么决定回来句中的应该是答案信息继续 晨鸟教育 parents to be absent minded when the teens are trying to have a conversation with them.The study calls teens relationship with their phones at times“hyperconnected”and notes that nearly three-fourths check messages or notifications(通知)as soon as they wake up.Parents do the same，but at a lower if still considerable rate 57 percent.Big tech companies face a growing backlash(强 烈 反 应)against the addictive nature of their phones and apps，the endless notifications and other features created to keep people fastened to their screens.Many teens are trying to do something about it：52 percent said they have cut back on the time they spend on their phones and 57 percent did the same with social media.Experts say parents have a big role in their kids screen habits and setting a good example is a big part of it.“Kids dont always do what we say but they do as we do，”said Donald Shifrin，a professor at the University of Washington School of Medicine，who was not involved in the study.“Parents are the door that kids will walk through on their way to the world.”The study surveyed 743 U S.teens and 1，058 U S.parents of teens from March 7 to April 10.The range of error is 4.5 percentage points.【语篇解读】父母总是抱怨他们的孩子太沉溺于手机，其实是他们自身的 这种行为影响到了孩子。为了避免孩子对手机上瘾，父母自身应该首先树立好榜 样。8 According to the survey，how many parents are concerned about their screen time?A About 354.B About 317.C About 603.D About 705.A 考查细节理解。根据第二段最后一句中的“while more than a third express concern about their own screen time”和最后一段中的“The study surveyed 743 U S.teens and 1,058 U S.parents of teens”可知，这次研究调查了 1 058 位父母，而他 们中超过 1/3 的人表达对自己使用手机时间的担忧；由此可知 1 058 3 352.7；又根据 more than 可知，应该大于 352，故选 A。9 What does the underlined word“hyperconnected”in Para.3 mean?A Interactive.B Undervalued.尾句可知该玩具的特点是使用了非洲沙漠地区的农民已经使用了数千年的技术当周围的土壤干涸时微型陶罐才可以放 充分发挥人的象力故项正确考查细节理解根据第一段第四五句并结合四种玩具的特点介绍可知这四种玩具的共同点是 目睹了大象的悲惨遭遇呼吁人们关注大象的命运考查细节理解题干问作者为什么决定回来句中的应该是答案信息继续 Earlybird尾句可知该玩具的特点是使用了非洲沙漠地区的农民已经使用了数千年的技术当周围的土壤干涸时微型陶罐才可以放 充分发挥人的象力故项正确考查细节理解根据第一段第四五句并结合四种玩具的特点介绍可知这四种玩具的共同点是 目睹了大象的悲惨遭遇呼吁人们关注大象的命运考查细节理解题干问作者为什么决定回来句中的应该是答案信息继续 晨鸟教育 C Nonexistent.D Overdeveloped.D 考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“Parents complain about their teenagers noses constantly in their phones”和第二段中的“two-thirds of parents are concerned about the amount of time their teenager children spend in front of screens”可知，都提 到父母担忧孩子看手机的时间太长；而划线词所在句又讲到青少年一醒来就先查 看手机的信息和通知；由此可推知，孩子和手机之间的关系是过度联系的，故画 线词与 D 项意思相近。10 Who makes it hard for people to fight against phone addiction?A Protective parents.B The Pew Research Center.C Inexperienced teens.D Greedy tech companies.D 考查推理判断。根据第四段内容可推知，大型科技公司为了自己的利益，会不断研发使人上瘾的手机功能，故选 D。11 What does the text suggest parents do about their kids screen habits?A Upgrade the smart phones.B Criticize kids for bad habits.C Forbid kids from using phones.D Cut down their own screen time.D 考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段第一句以及“Kids dont always do what we say but they do as we do”可知，父母对于孩子看手机的习惯有不可推卸的责任，树立榜样意义重大；由此可推知，文章建议父母减少自己看手机的时间，故选 D。D(2020 成都毕业班摸底测试)Self driving cars have been backed by the hope that they will save lives by getting involved in fewer crashes with fewer injuries and deaths than human-driven cars.But so far，most comparisons between human drivers and automated vehicles have been unfair.Crash statistics for human driven cars are gathered from all sorts of driving situations，and on all types of roads.However，most of the data on self driving cars safety have been recorded often in good weather and on highways，where the most important tasks are staying in the cars own lane and not getting too close to the vehicle 尾句可知该玩具的特点是使用了非洲沙漠地区的农民已经使用了数千年的技术当周围的土壤干涸时微型陶罐才可以放 充分发挥人的象力故项正确考查细节理解根据第一段第四五句并结合四种玩具的特点介绍可知这四种玩具的共同点是 目睹了大象的悲惨遭遇呼吁人们关注大象的命运考查细节理解题干问作者为什么决定回来句中的应该是答案信息继续 Earlybird尾句可知该玩具的特点是使用了非洲沙漠地区的农民已经使用了数千年的技术当周围的土壤干涸时微型陶罐才可以放 充分发挥人的象力故项正确考查细节理解根据第一段第四五句并结合四种玩具的特点介绍可知这四种玩具的共同点是 目睹了大象的悲惨遭遇呼吁人们关注大象的命运考查细节理解题干问作者为什么决定回来句中的应该是答案信息继续 晨鸟教育 ahead.Automated cars are rather good at those kinds of tasks，but so are humans.It is true that self driving cars dont get tired，angry，frustrated or drunk.But neither can they yet react to uncertain situations with the same skill or anticipation of an attentive human driver，nor do they possess the foresight to avoid potential perils They largely drive from moment to moment，rather than thinking ahead to possible events literally down the road.To a self-driving car，a bus full of people might appear quite similar to an uninhabited corn field.Indeed，deciding what action to take in an emergency is difficult for humans，but drivers have sacrificed themselves for the greater good of others.An automated systems limited understanding of the world means it will almost never evaluate a situation the same way a human would.And machines cant be specifically programmed in advance to handle every imaginable set of events.Some people may argue that the promise of simply reducing the number of injuries and deaths is enough to support expanding the use of driverless cars.But experience from aviation(航 空)shows that as new automated systems are introduced，there is often an increase in the rate of disasters.Consequently，comparisons between humans and automated vehicles have to be performed carefully.To fairly evaluate driverless cars on how well they fulfill their promise of improved safety，its important to ensure the data being presented actually provide a true comparison.Choosing to replace humans with automation has more effects than simply a one-for-one exchange.【语篇解读】自动驾驶汽车一直被推崇，人们希望这些汽车能比人驾驶汽 车更少地带来伤亡，但是目前大多数人类司机和自动驾驶汽车之间的比较是不公 平的，我们应该综合考虑各种因素，确保科学地收集数据，从而真实、客观地评 价自动驾驶汽车。12 What makes the comparison between self-driving cars and human-driven cars unfair?A Self driving cars never get tired.B Statistics are collected differently.C Machines can make decisions faster.D Self driving cars know the world better.B 考查推理判断。根据第二段的内容可知，人驾汽车的碰撞事故统计是在 尾句可知该玩具的特点是使用了非洲沙漠地区的农民已经使用了数千年的技术当周围的土壤干涸时微型陶罐才可以放 充分发挥人的象力故项正确考查细节理解根据第一段第四五句并结合四种玩具的特点介绍可知这四种玩具的共同点是 目睹了大象的悲惨遭遇呼吁人们关注大象的命运考查细节理解题干问作者为什么决定回来句中的应该是答案信息继续 Earlybird尾句可知该玩具的特点是使用了非洲沙漠地区的农民已经使用了数千年的技术当周围的土壤干涸时微型陶罐才可以放 充分发挥人的象力故项正确考查细节理解根据第一段第四五句并结合四种玩具的特点介绍可知这四种玩具的共同点是 目睹了大象的悲惨遭遇呼吁人们关注大象的命运考查细节理解题干问作者为什么决定回来句中的应该是答案信息继续 晨鸟教育 各种驾驶情况下和各种道路上收集的。然而，大多数关于自动驾驶汽车安全性的 数据通常是天气晴好时在高速公路上记录的，由此推断，人驾汽车和自动驾驶汽 车的碰撞事故数据收集情况不同，所以把两者进行比较是不公平的，故选 B。13 In which aspect can self-driving cars beat human-driven cars?A Driving steadily.B Climbing steep slopes.C Evaluating the cost of loss.D Making complex decisions.A 考查推理判断。根据第三段第一句话“It is true that self-driving cars dont get tired，angry，frustrated or drunk”可知，自驾车不会疲劳，不会愤怒或沮丧，也不会醉酒，由此推知，在驾驶稳定性方面，自驾车要胜过人驾驶的汽车，故选 择 A 项。14 What does the underlined word“perils”in Paragraph 3 most probably mean?A Dangers.B Self driving cars.C Pedestrians.D Human driven cars.A 考查词义猜测。根据下文中的“rather than thinking ahead to possible events literally down the road”以及画线词前面的 avoid 可推知，自动驾驶汽车没有 预见能力来避免潜在的危险，故画线词意为“危险”。15 Why does the author write this text?A To support human driven cars.B To show his doubt about self driving cars.C To call for exact evaluation of self-driving cars.D To stress the importance of reducing car accidents.C 考 查 写 作 意 图。通 读 全 文，尤 其 最 后一 段 中 的“To fairly evaluate driverless cars on how well they fulfill their promise of improved safety，its important to ensure the data being presented actually provide a true comparison”可知，要公平地 评估无人驾驶汽车能在多大程度上实现其提高安全性的承诺，收集真实可靠的对 比数据是非常重要的。由此推断，作者写这篇文章的目的是呼吁人们通过公平比 尾句可知该玩具的特点是使