江苏省常州市2020年中考英语试题（解析版）.docx

中小学教学参考资料教学设计教育论文随堂检测常州市二。二O年初中学业水平考试英语试题一、单项选择1. Take it easy. There will be two buses coming in a few minutes.可推知写作的目的是为了给读者介绍外语学习的困难的一些信息。故选C。Influenza, or flu（流感）,is a type of virus. It spreads from one person to another quickly. When someone who has the flu coughs or sneezes, little droplets from their lungs （肺）spread out into the air. Anyone nearby can get sick. Even a person who touches something with the virus and then touches his or her mouth, eyes, or nose, can become infected（感染）.The outbreak of the 1918 influenza infected about 500 million people worldwide. It killed from 20 million to 50 million people. It was first seen in Europe, the United States, and parts of Asia. It then spread quickly around the world. Many people who became sick were young, healthy adults. At the time, no treatments worked in the prevention of the spread of the killer flu. People were ordered to wear masks. Schools, theaters and other public places were closed.When the first wave（波in the spring of 1918 hit, it didn't seem serious. People who were infected felt the usual flu symptoms（症状）,which are chills, fevers, and feeling tired. Those who got sick generally got better after several days. Not many died. However, a second, highly contagious（传染的）wave of influenza appeared in the fall of that same year. Victims died shortly after they were infected within hours or days. Their skin turned blue and their lungs were filled with liquid（液体），making it very difficult to breathe.By the summer of 1919, the flu pandemic（大流行病）came to an end. Sick people had either got well or died. Almost 90 years later, in 2008, researchers announced they'd discovered why the 1918 flu was so deadly. The flu virus inflamed （使,恶化）the lungs, causing them to fill with liquid.Since 1918, there have been several other influenza pandemics, although none has been quite as deadly.26. What information about the 1918 flu is mentioned in the passage?A. The reason why it was so deadly.B. The reason why it ended.C. The change it caused to medical research.D. The place in which it was last seen.27 All the people that were infected with the 1918 flu.A. had blue skin that led to their deathhad touched someone with the virusB. died as their lungs were filled with liquidhad the virus in their bodies that made them sick28. Which of the following statements about the 1918 flu is TRUE according to the passage?A. Wearing a mask was the best way to treat it.B. A younger person had a lower risk of being infected with it.C. People expected the coming of its second wave, but couldn't stop it.D. It was deadlier than any other influenza pandemic in modern history.【答案】26.A27. C 28. D【解析】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述1918年的流感的爆发以及它如此的致命的原因。【26题详解】主旨大意题。根据“The outbreak of the 1918 influenza infected./'When the first wave in the spring of 1918 hit,.”以及 uresearchers announced they'd discovered why the 1918 flu was so deadly"可概括出文章主要介绍1918年的流感如此的致命的原因，故选A。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“why the 1918 flu was so deadly. The flu virus inflamed the lungs, causing them to fill with liquid”流感病毒使肺恶化，导致肺充满了液体。故选Co【28题详解】推理判断题。A选项戴口罩是治疗的最好办法文中没有提到，A选项排除。根据“Manypeople who became sick were young, healthy adults”很多人生病都是年轻健康的成年人，B选项“更 年轻的人被感染的风险低一些”表述错误。根据倒数第三段“When the first wave in the spring of 1918 hit, it didn't seem serious.Those who got sick generally got better after several days. Not many died”第一波不是很严重，很多生病的人几天之后都好转了没人死亡，以及倒数第二段 “By the summer of 1919, the flu pandemic came to an end. Sick people had either got well or died”1919年夏天流感结束，生病的人要么康复要么死了，C选项“人们期望第二波流感的 爆发，但是不能阻止它”表述错误。根据最后一段“Since 1918, there have been several other influenza pandemics, although none has been quite as deadly” 自从 1918 有其他的流感没有个 有那样致命。可知它比现代历史上的其他流感更致命。D选项表述正确。故选D。"What's wrong, Carina?” Collin asked. "Homesick again?”His sister nodded.“Yeah, me too." Collin sighed（叹息）.Their family had moved to the new place nearly four months ago. The new place was housed inside a huge transparent dome （透明的圆屋顶）.It still didn*t feel like home.“I miss my friends," Carina said sadly. "And green grass and swimming, and everything. I even miss the sound of rain on the roof（屋顶）“Worst of all J Carina continued, "my birthday is in two days, and I don*t think Mom and Dad are planning anything special. They're too busy.”“She's probably right/9 thought Collin. Life here was very busy fbr scientists like their parents. He doubted if they had time to plan a party. And how could they anyway? Things such as balloons and birthday candles didn't exist here. They didn't even have enough materials to make a cake.“Don't worry.” Collin put an arm around Carina*s shoulder.Collin walked toward the agricultural center, where his mom worked. He found her taking notes on some tall tube-like plants.“What are those?" he asked.“Bamboo plants J said Mom. "They're strong and grow fast. They make good building materials.“May I have a piece?”“Sure." Mom handed one to him and made a note on her notebook.The next day, Collin made tiny holes into the piece of bamboo and put small nails（车丁子）into each hole. He poured a handful of pebbles（鹅卵石）inside and covered the open ends.Collin held the bamboo piece carefully as he hurried home. He hid it behind his back and opened the front door. To his surprise, Mom and Dad were home early from work. Mom was carrying something that looked like a cake.He looked closer and realized Mom had made a cake with dried apples and cinnamon（肉桂皮） sugar. A real treat, on the Moon.Collin handed his sister the bamboo rod. "Happy birthday!”“What is it?” Carina asked, looking at it curiously.“A rain stick J said Collin. "Whenever you turn it over, the pebbles fall around the nails and it sounds like rain.”Carina turned the stick, and the room was filled with a sound like rain drumming on a roof.“It's Moon Rain! she said. “It makes me feel like I'm home." She smiled at Collin and turned the rain stick over again.29. What may be the best title of this passage?A. Bamboo PlantsB. Moon RainC. Homesick Again!D. United Family30. What can we know from the passage?A. This passage is part of a science fiction written for scientific research.B. The family moved to the new place in order to do some sightseeing.C. Their new home was on a dry land on the earth far from their old one.D. Carina didn't think her parents would plan anything special fbr her birthday.31. Which of the following can best describe Collin?A. Careful and brave.B. Caring and creative.C. Generous and intellectual.D. Romantic and popular.【答案】29.B30. D 31. B【解析】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述卡丽娜搬到新家之后想她以前的家也想她的朋友，她的生日快到 了，觉得父母没有计划为她的生日准备什么特别的东西，但是最后她得到了很特别的礼物。【29题详解】标题概括题。文章讲述卡丽娜搬到新家之后想家也想她的朋友，生日快到了，觉得父母没有 为她的生日准备什么特别的东西，但是最后得到了很特别的礼物。根据最后一段力任Moon Rain!.It makes me feel like I'm home”可将标题概括为 Moon Rain。故选 Bo【30题详解】推理判断题。根据 “my birthday is in two days, and I don*t think Mom and Dad are planning anything special. They're too busy ”可知卡丽娜的生日快到了，认为父母没有什么特别的计划， 因为他们太忙了。故选D。【33题详解】推理判断题。A选项意为小心的和勇敢的；B选项意为体贴人的和有创造力的；C选项意为 慷慨的和有才智的；D选项意为浪漫的和受欢迎的。根据A rain stick； said Collin. "Whenever you turn it over, the pebbles fall around the nails and it sounds like rain.，"可矢口科林担心卡丽娜过 生日没有礼物会很伤心，而且记得卡丽娜提到想念地球上的雨声，特意为她创造了 rain stick 这个礼物，说明科林是体贴人的而且很有创造力。故选B。Looking at art should be like walking in the countryside. You may not know exactly where you are, what bird is making that strange sound, or what the hill ahead of you is called, but that's part of the fun of it. You don't need to know these things to feel the beauty of nature.Of course, if you do know your birds, trees and local history, a walk can be more attractive. Yet such knowledge comes slowly. It is picked up through experience. A true knowledge of nature cannot just be given to you through an app on your phone. Imagine pointing your phone at the hill and getting plenty of information on screen. Would that enrich your dreamy walk or ruin（毁灭）it?Braggarts enjoy an app that allows them to show off their knowledge, for example, about baroque（巴洛克风格的）paintings. In fact, apps in museums try to provide on-screen art history at once just to encourage people to read their phones instead of looking at paintings.It is a mistaken idea that you need to be spoon-fed（灌输）amazing facts about a work of art in order to appreciate（欣赏）it. Our first experience of a work of art should be raw（自然状态）， unguided, and a bit puzzling, like following a path in the woods. Later, you might choose to do some personal research into the work. It can further increase your enjoyment and appreciation for it. Yet it is best done when you're away from the art itself, so that even when you return, the work still feels fresh.Anyone who thinks knowing some dates and details makes you better understand a work of art is wrong. We all need to put aside our screens and our supposed knowledge when we look at art. Let the paintings flow in; let your intuitions（直觉）fly off. Art is a journey in the wilderness or it is nothing at all.32. What does the writer mainly want to say?A. Art is best with the help of apps.B. Art is best when hidden in mystery.C. Art is nothing compared with nature.D. Art is nothing when details and facts are known.33. The underlined word "braggarts“ refers to（指）.A. people who like showing offpeople who like baroque paintingsB. those who are good at appreciating artthose who are good at painting with phones34. What's the main idea of Paragraph 4?A. How to appreciate a work of art.B. How to personal research into a work of art.C. How to keep your feelings about a work of art fresh.D. How to be spoon-fed amazing facts about a work of art.35. what can we infer（推断）from the passage?A. Because of apps, art will be ruined in the future.B. A good piece of art is usually made about nature.C. Research work and intuitions can both help understand art.D. Museums are not supposed to allow the use of mobile phones.【答案】32.B33. A 34. A 35. C【解析】这是一篇议论文，文章讲述手机应用程序介绍艺术作品的一些历史信息，给人们灌输一些令 人惊喜的信息帮助欣赏艺术作品这种想法是错误的，艺术作品的欣赏最好是隐藏在神秘中， 就像在荒野里的旅行一样。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“It is a mistaken idea that you need to be spoon-fed amazing facts about a work of art in order to appreciate it .Our first experience of a work of art should be raw, unguided, and a bit puzzling, like following a path in the woods”为了欣赏作品需要灌输一些关于艺术作品 的事实这种想法是错误的。对艺术的体验应该是生的，没有指导的，有一点迷惑的，就像走 在树林的小路上，最后一段“Art is a journey in the wilderness or it is nothing at all”艺术是在荒 野里的旅行。可知作者主要想表达的是艺术最好被隐藏在神秘中。故选B。【33题详解】词义猜测题。根据"enjoy an 叩p that allows them to show off their knowledge”喜欢一种应用程 序来炫耀他们的知识，可知braggarts的含义是喜欢炫耀的人。故选A。【34题详解】段落大意题。根据“Our first experience of a work of art should”以及"Later, you might choose”可知第四段主语讲述怎样去欣赏艺术作品，为了欣赏作品需要灌输一些关于艺术 作品的事实这种想法是错误的。对艺术的体验应该是自然状态的，没有指导的，有一点迷惑 的，就像走在树林的小路上；然后你还可以选择对艺术作品做一些研究，能进一步增加对艺 术的欣赏。故选A。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Later, you might choose to do some personal research into the work. It can further increase your enjoyment and appreciation fbr it”选择对艺术作品做些研究， 能进 一步增加对艺术的欣赏，及最后一段“etyourintuitionsflyofF让你的直觉飞出来。可知研究 和直觉都能帮助理解艺术。故选C。四、阅读表达阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。The game of Go was one of the four greatest artistic types in Chinese culture. It is not only a competitive event of the mind, but also a board game of entertainment.Created in China more than four thousand years ago. Go was introduced to Korea and Japan over 1,000 years ago, and has since become a favorite activity of many people there. Today, Go still serves as a way of cultural exchange among the people in many Eastern and Western countries, as players in these countries take part in many international games every year.A game of Go has many implications（含义）for real life. It represents a square world of round pieces in black and white. There are 181 black pieces and 180 white ones in total. While the board is fixed, the pieces can be placed in millions upon millions of different ways, just as life in the real world may take many turns. The proper placement of each tiny Go piece is similar to how one might solve a difficult problem in life.Go pays much attention to peaceful competition and coexistence （共存）. In a game of Go, the players do not wipe out（消灭）each other's pieces. Instead, they simply try to win a larger share of space while allowing the other side some space. However, in chess and Chinese chess, the players try to wipe out as many of the other side's pieces as possible. The one who forces the other side*s commander（主帅）into a dead corner then wins the game. Therefore, Go carries deeper cultural and philosophical connotations（哲学 内 涵）.Wu Qingyuan（ 1914-2014）, a modern Go talent, believed that the final puipose of the game was to try to achieve peace. Instead of fighting as enemies, the two players work together to play an excellent game.Title: A game of wisdom and peaceMain PartsDetailed InformationIntroductionThe game of Go is known as one of Chinese greatest artistic types. It is a competition of the36, and a game of entertainment as well.History and importance Go was created over 4, 000 years ago in China and has 37 throughout the world ever since.Today, Go still plays an important 38 in Cultural exchange.Implicationsand value Go pieces can be placed in millions upon millions of different ways. In a 39 way, people may meet with lots of difficult problems in life, and need to learn how to solve them properly. Compared with chess, Go has deeper connotations since peace and competition coexist in a game of Go while40the enemy's commander is the onlypurpose in chess.The real meaning of Go is to achieve peace between two sides.【答案】36. mind37. spread 38. role/part39. similar40. beating/killing【解析】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍围棋的基本知识，历史发展及重要性，以及它的文化内涵和 价值。【36题详解】根据第段“It is not only a competitive event of the mind, but also a board game of entertainment” 它不仅是关于大脑的有竞争力的项目，也是一种娱乐的棋类游戏。定冠词the后面填名词 mindo故答案为mind。【37题详解】根据第二段“Created in China more than four thousand years ago. Go was introduced to Korea andJapan over 1, 000 years ago, and has since become a favorite activity of many people there” 围棋被介绍到韩国和日本，从此已经成为那里很多人的喜爱的活动。根据has及ever since可知此处时现在完成时，此处用has spread表示"扩散故答案为spread。【38题详解】根据第二段“Today, Go still serves as a way of cultural exchange among the people in many Eastern and Western countries, as players in these countries take part in many international games every year”围棋作为很多中西方国家人们的文化交换的方式。此处用动词短语play an important part in 或者 play an important role in 表示“起重要作用故答案为 role/parto【39题详解】名词 way 前用形容词修饰。根据第三段“While the board is fixed, the pieces can be placed in millions upon millions of different ways, just as life in the real world may take many turns. The proper placement of each tiny Go piece is similar to how one might solve a difficult problem in life 棋盘一固定，可以有很多下棋的方法，每一种棋子的恰当的放置方法和怎样解决生活中的难 题相似。此处用is similar。的相似表达，此处用方式状语in a similar way。故答案为similar。【40题详解】根据is可知从句的主语是单数概念。根据倒数第二段“in chess and Chinese