2022届上海市静安区高考二模英语试题.docx

2022届上海市静安区高考二模英语试题一、短对话1. She is using a wrong study approach.B , She has failed the final exam.C. She hasn't finished the reading task.D. She hasn't listed the study difficulties.2. A The job pays poorly.B , The woman is satisfied with her new job.C. The woman can't bear too many business travels.D. The woman decides to quit her new job.3. They should drive Jack's car this time.A. She is not interested in spending the weekend in London.B. She is not good at driving.C. She would rather spend the weekend locally.4.A. She would soon dine at the restaurant.B. She didn't prefer juicy food.C , The steak was not tasty.D. She lived opposite the restaurant.B. 20 dollars.D. 240 dollarsB. In a wine shop.D. In a press agency.5.B. 20 dollars.D. 240 dollarsB. In a wine shop.D. In a press agency.A. 10 dollars.C. 120 dollars.6. A. In a paint store.C. In a laundry.7.A. They rarely wear heavy coats.A. TokyoB. LondonC. St. PetersburgD. New Orleans.It's difficult to think about how to spend money, and deciding money value in the future is almost impossible to many people. That's because it is hard for us to consider the opportunity costs of objects we purchase.A study was conducted with people who wanted to purchase a car to determine their ability to assess the opportunity cost of that purchase. When asked “If you buy this car today, what will you not be able to do in the future as a result?”, the majority said, "If I buy this SUV today, I will not be able to buy a sports car tomorrow.” Nobody said that he would not be able to buy 300 lunches at a restaurant because they were, though unconsciously, restricted within the car field, not even attempting to think of an item from another field.The nature of modern spending makes things even harder by making money less concrete. If I give you $ 1,000 in an envelope each week, you will see in the shop that what you're buying comes at the expense of other things of the same price. After all, you have the real experience because you have to hand out the real money note if you want to get the object. But with credit cards and loans, financial mechanisms have become increasingly unclear, making it more difficult for people to compare the value of spending now with the value of money in the future as they are allowed to pay for the purchases later.Irrelevant influences and considerations, such as a person's present emotions or preferences, can influence how much worth someone places on an object too.In a study, Professor Dan Ariely and his team asked participants to determine the value of objects like wine, chocolates and electronics.“We first told them to consider whether they would pay the amount equivalent to the last two digits of their social security numbers/9 he says. "We found a significant relation between the amount they were willing to pay and these digits.”For instance, someone whose social security number (SSN) ends in 25 valued the objects much lower than someone with the last two digits of 78. For no logical reasons, the test subjects leaned toward the most recent number they had access to when valuing the items. Even with full information about the objects, some people had no logical point of reference for the value of the objects. Instead, they used their own irrelevant experiences as references.63. According to the passage, the opportunity cost in consumption field refers to.A. the cost to pay for various opportunitiesB , what a person is willing to give up if he buys a specific itemC. the opportunities to invest in costly itemsthe comparison of prices of the same item from different sources64. In the test, when buying cars, most people won't think of the alternative 300 meals because. A. they won't have trouble in paying for mealsB . 300 meals are not equal to the car in valueC. they can't compare money values across categoriesthey personally prefer the car to food65 . Purchase through credit cards makes it harder for people to recognize money value because. A. items paid by credit cards are cheaper than paid by cashB , it's easier for people to save money through credit cardsC. people have to pay an interest when buying through credit cards.D. delay in payment may confuse people's judgement of money value.66. Why were many of Dan Ariely's test participants willing to pay the same amount as the last two digits of their social security numbers?A. Because they were not good at predicting values and counting numbers.B. Because they made predictions with most convenient hints available.C. Because they believed that their SSN digits were very valuable. D. Because they tended to consult others and copy peers' choices.八、六选四Eating for the sake of pleasure, rather than survival, is nothing new. Traditionally researchers focused on so-called metabolic （代谢的）hunger, which is driven by physiological necessity and is most commonly identified with an empty stomach. When we start dipping into our stores of energy or when we drop below our typical body weight, the system rings the bell. 67 After we eat enough food or put on weight, the same hormonal system and brain circuit （回路）then tend to depress our appetite.Now, "Shifting the focus to pleasure is a new approach to understanding hunger and weight gain. The brain begins responding to fatty and sugary foods even before they enter our mouth. Merely seeing or hearing a desirable item excites the reward circuit. Many overeating people go beyond their energy needs, due to consuming these food items they hear or see. 68 Determining whether an individuafs weight problem arises from emotional longings or a physical failure in the body's ability to burn up calories is important for doctors to choose the most appropriate medications or behavioral interventions （干预）for treatment.A kind of surgery that some overweight people have already undergone to manage their weight might have provided some of the biological insights into why many of us eat far beyond our physiological needs. 69 Through removing tissue, doctors make it impossible for the stomach to accommodate more than a couple of ounces of food at a time. The brain's reward circuit then responds much more weakly to the images and spoken names of tempting foodsPsychologically, removing influence factor can be an option. The traditional idea is that we can teach overweight people to improve their self-control. However, scientists now realize that the foods themselves are more the problem. For many people, certain foods cause such a strong response in the brain's reward circuit that our willpower will rarely, if ever, be sufficient to resist those foods once they are around. 70 That means never bringing fatty, super sweet foods into our house and avoiding going to places that offer them whenever possible. A. A network of hormones and neural （神经的）pathways in the brain activate our feeling of hunger.B. People's follow-up gesture then greatly affects the time they spend in consuming the food.C. This medical operation dramatically shrinks the stomach.D. Therefore, we have to reengineer the food environment.E. This approach has already had an influence on the choice of treatment.F. The type of food processing method also takes a hand one way or another.九、概要写作. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point （s） of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.How does your mind process bad news?When you experience stressful events, a physiological change happens that can cause you to take in any sort of warning and become fixed on how it develops. A study using brain imaging to look at the neural activity of people under stress revealed that this 'switch' was related to a sudden increase in a neural signal known as a prediction error, specifically in response to unexpected signs of danger.When our ancestors found themselves in a cave filled with hungry animals, they benefited from such an ability to take in the warning and guard against dangers so as to avoid fierce animals. In this way, they survived. In a safe environment today, however, it would be wasteful to be on high alert constantly. A system that automatically increases or decreases your ability to process warnings in response to changes in your environment might be useful in handling negative messages of different levels. In fact, people with certain diseases seem unable to switch away from a state in which they absorb all the negative messages around them.If your co-worker is stressed, you are more likely to tense up and feel stressed yourself. Our brains are designed to transmit emotions quickly to one another, because they often pass on important information. When infants are held by their mothers who have just experienced a socially stressful event, the infants, heart rates go up too. Studies show that if you observe negative posts, such as complaints about a long queue at the coffee shop, you will in turn create more negative posts.The good news, however, is that positive emotions, such as hope and love, can spread too, and they are powerful in lifting people's mood. If you observe positive feeds on social media, such as images of a pink sunset, you are more likely to post uplifting messages yourself. Therefore, why not frame our messages wisely in the hope of avoiding negative reactions?十、汉译英（整句）.海豚疗法真的有助于缓解紧张情绪吗？（help）（汉译英）71 .用户没想到那张智能书桌能用手机调整高度。（occur）（汉译英）.注意力持续时间变短以及加快的生活节奏或许有助于解释为什么观众倾向跳过片头曲。（explain）（汉译 英）72 .考上心仪的大学需要花大力气，这可能会让一些学生望而生畏，然而，对成功的渴望将最终使他们拥 有足够的动力。（which）（汉译英）十一、图表作文73 . Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.当今社会，短视频已成为高中生获取信息的渠道之一，日前，某网站对某地高中生使用短视频的现状作了 调查，结果如下：获取短视频内容的类型受访者平均使用时间占比（该内容浏览时间/总浏览时间）辅助学习类48%娱乐休闲类31%生活技能类12%其他9%请简单描述该图表，并结合自身或他人情况，谈谈你的看法。（文中不得出现考生姓名，学校等真实信息）B. It's normally cold in March.C. It's easy for the man to catch a cold.D. It5s warm now.A. The crime scenes were presented well.B. It was not interesting at all.C. Some clues were leaked before the woman saw it.D. Most audience guessed out the ending.A. The man is too picky about food.B. The man should anyhow eat breakfast.C. The milk is too cold for the man.D. The man shouldn't skip before eating.A. She won't start a salon.B. She will set up a comfortable zone in her salon.C. She earns a lot as a hair dresser.D. She specializes in managing businesses.二、短文听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。8. A. Greatly reducing the chance of delay.B , Giving you a perfect flight.C. Offering you more time to pack.D. Securing a flight seat.9. A. Because you can give your food to the gate attendant.B , Because in many cases, food is not available at airports.C. Because you can feel better when you are delayed.D. Because you can share your food with other passengers.10. A. To introduce a new friend to you.B , To arrange a possible replacement flight for you.C. To share with you your negative feelings.D. To arrange a ticket refund for you.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。11. A. It provides a pain-relieving tool.B. The heels （鞋总艮）can be changed easily.C. The heels click loudly on the dance floor.D. It's convenient to carry the heels.12. A. It's only available to dancers.B , It's not available outside Europe.C. It is an imaginary product.D. It is very expensive.13. A. The special shoes for dance floors.B. A shoe product in different colors.C. Shoes accompanied with various heels.D. A kind of special flat-heeled shoes.三、长对话听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。14. A. Items from food tasting event.B. Souvenirs from the Palace Museum.C. Regards from the Emperor.D. Food from the Palace Museum5s online shop.15. A. The ancient recipe.B.The 24 solar terms.C. The old palaces.D.Emperor Qianlong.16. A. The food powder.B.Chinese traditional medicine.C. The cookies.D. The nuts.17. A. Food which is easy to go bad.B. Items not allowed on planes.C. Traditional Chinese food.D. Items favored by most online customers.四、用单词的适当形式完成短文Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.My community and state are still recovering from the recent disaster. A storm 21(strike) on a Fridayevening, knocking down trees, blocking roads, damaging homes, and destroying power lines.Hundreds of thousands of people suddenly found themselves in the dark 22 water, electricity, air conditioning, and internet. They found themselves cut off from the modem world. 23(endure) 90 degreeplus heat, they had no idea when it would be over.However, the most amazing thing happened. 24 the reality of the crisis sank in, it brought out the best in us. While there were a few acts of selfishness, they 25(overlook) amid the wave of love that came fromthe hearts of so many.People shared their food, ice, and gasoline. People who still had power opened their homes to 26 who had none. People rushed out to clear roads and homes of fallen trees. Selfless power engineers worked around the clock to repair the damage and restore electricity.People gathered in their gardens 27 they shared hugs and offered words of hope and faith that they would see themselves through it all. Strangers came together as one family to help each other in this time of great need. Most people acted like heroes under the most difficult circumstances.Life's disasters challenge all of us from time to time with no one 28(spare).How we respond to them, however, is up to us. We 29 react to them like evils of selfishness or like heroes of love. May you always bring the best from your heart to 30 life may throw at you then!五、选用适当的单词或短语补全短文Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. prediction B. automates C. resemble D. images E. diverseF. cooperate G. sourced H. rough I. crucial J. patented K. streamsFashion has always been at the forefront of innovation-from the invention of the sewing machine to the rise of e-commerce. Like tech, fashion is forward-looking and cyclical. And today, fashion technology is growing at a faster pace than ever.Robots that sew and cut, AI algorithms （算法）that forecast style trends, clothes that are worn in virtual reality一a collection of innovations show how technology 31 the fashion design process.To seize the opportunity to produce more income 32 and business models, fashion companies try to33 with technology providers, grab startups, and even build their own tech.Meanwhile, as the industry faces an overdue count of its environmental and social impacts, it is reexamining processes across the value chain in a