2021-2022学年河南省郑州市高一（上）期末英语试卷（附答案详解）.pdf

202L2022学 年 河 南 省 郑 州 市 高 一（上）期 末 英 语 试 卷 A阅 读 下 列 短 文，从 每 题 所 给 的 A、B、C 和 D 四 个 选 项 中，选 出 最 佳 选 项，并 在 答 题 卡 上 将 该 项 涂 黑。Take time to walk in Shakespeares footsteps,without the usual crowds.Your visit to ShakespearesBirthplace will help us to make sure that Shakespeares heritage survives this difficult period for futurevisitors to enjoy.To keep our visitors and staff safe,we have introduced a timed ticket system.All tickets must be bookedin advance.Groups larger than 6 are not allowed to book unless they are part of the same household.Seebelow for more details and read about the extra safety measures weve put in place.Please note that Anne Hathaways Cottage,Shakespeares New Place,Mary Ardens Farm and Halls Croftare closed.Pre-bookingWell be unable to allow you entry without a pre-booked timed entry ticket.Tickets will be sold everyFriday,up to 2 weeks in advance.Before your visitPlease remember the following things,and check our website and social media for updates beforetravelling.If showing COVID-19 symptoms(症 状)，please stay at home.W ear a mask in indoor spaces(unless noted).W e conduct temperature checks.Bag checks are in operation.W e do not offer baggage store facilities.Be ready for cashless payment.NHS COVID-19 Test and Trace appVisitors are encouraged to download the NHS COVID-19 Test and Trace app before arrival atShakespeares Birthplace and check-in by scanning the QR code available at the ticket desk and entranceto the shop.1.Which of the following places can you visit now?A.Mary Ardens Farm.B.Shakespeare Birthplace.C.Anne Hathaways Cottage.D.Shakespeares New Place.2.Which kind of ticket can ensure your entry?A.A ticket released on Friday.B.A pre-bought season ticket.C.A pre-booked timed entry ticket.D.An online booked yearly ticket.3.What should you do before visiting?A.Get your bag checked.B.Take cash with you.C.Have your face covered.D.Stay at home for two weeks.BMost teens are trying to find their purposes in life.However,Gitanjali Rao,a 15-year-old girl has beencoming up with creative solutions to worldwide problems since she was 10.lt is,therefore,not surprisingthat the teen has won the honor of Americas Top Young Scientist.In the 3rd grade,Rao was inspired to do something after seeing the citys primary water supply in herhometown was polluted by a factory nearby and that high levels of lead（铅）made its way into peoplesdrinking water.After 2 months*research,Rao designed a tool that used sensors to instantly discover lead in water.CalledTethys,after the Greek Goddess（女 神）of freshwater,it informs the residents via an app if their drinkingwater contains lead.The design earned her the 3 M Young Scientist Challenge in 2O17.She is now workingwith scientists and medical professionals to test Tethys*potential and hopes the device will be ready formarket in the near future.Later,Rao took on another social issue-drug（毒 品）addiction.Her app,called Epione,which wonthe Health Pillar Prize in May 2019,is designed to catch drug addiction in young adults before it*s too late.More recently,the teen has developed an app named Kindly,which uses AI technology to find possiblesigns of cyberbullying（网 络 欺 凌）.When users type in a word or phrase,Kindly is able to pick it up ifits bullying，and then it gives the choice to edit it or send it the way it is.It gives them the chance to rethinkwhat they are saying so that they know what to do next time.Gitanjali Rao has been selected from 5,000 equally impressive nominees（被 提 名 人）for TIMESfirst-ever Kid of the Year.4.What led to Raos inventing Tethys?A.The accident of lead pollution.B.The issue with drug addiction.C.The shortage of water supplies.D.The high cost of making water clean.5.What is Rao expecting of Tethys?A.Itll be fitted to cellphones.B.Itll win her a higher prize.C.Ifll be put on the market soon.D.Itll remove lead from water.6.What will Kindly allow users to do?A.Receive warning signals of threat.B.Input words into a computer directly.C.Choose from safe social networking sites.D.Consider their words before posting online.7.Which of the following words can best describe Rao?A.Professional and positive.B.Creative and productive.C.Inspiring and adventurous.D.Determined and amazing.cThough many of us may have been away somewhere nice last summer,few would say that weve“summered.Summer”is clearly a noun-a verbed noun.In our childhood,we all learned the difference between a noun and a verb.With such a clear definition,it was easy to notice the difference.Not so in adulthood,when we are expected to foot the bill and chairmeetings.Chances are that you didnt feel uncomfortable about those verbed nouns.The verbing of nouns is as old as the English language,n says Patricia,a former editor at The New YorkTimes Book Review.Experts found that 20%of all English verbs were originally nouns.And it seems to besnowballing.Since 1900,about 40%of new verbs have come from nouns.Even though the conversion（转 化）is quite common,plenty of language experts disagree with it.WilliamStrunk Jr.and E.B.White have this to say,Many nouns lately have been pressed into service as verbs.Notall are bad,but some are in doubt.The Chicago Manual of Style takes a similar standpoint,advisingwriters to use verbs with great care.Sometimes people dislike a new verb because they refuse to accept what is unfamiliar to them,“saysPatricia.Thats why were comfortable hosting a party,but we might feel upset by the thought ofmedaling in sports.So are there any rules for verbing?Benjamin Dreyer,copy chief at Random House,doesnt offer a rule,but suggests that people think,twice about verbifying（使 动 词 化）a noun if its easilyreplaced by an already existing popular verb.Make sure its descriptive but not silly-sounding,he says.In the end,however,style is subjective（主 观 的）.The easy conversion of nouns to verbs has been partof English grammar for centuries.lt is one of the processes that make English“English0.Not every newword passes into general use,but as for trying to end verbing altogether,forget it.8.What can we learn about the verbing of nouns?A.It has come into use since a long time ago.B.It has been supported by many language experts.C.It is easily replaced by existing verbs in practice.D.It is more commonly accepted by children than adults.9.What is language experts*attitude towards the verbing of nouns?A.Cold.B.Careful.C.Unclear.D.Positive.10.What can we infer from the last two paragraphs?A.It is impossible to end the verbing of nouns.B.New verbs will stay in the English language forever.C.Most people are against using new verbs from nouns.D.There is an obvious rule for changing verbs to nouns.11.What can be the best title for the text?A.Are all new verbs from nouns?B.Are there any rules for verbing?C.Are you comfortable about a new verb?D.Are summering and medaling annoying?DAnts know when an earthquake is about to strike,researchers have discovered.Their behavior changesgreatly before the quake and they normal functioning only a day after it.Gabriele Berberich of theUniversity of Duisburg-Essen in Germany presented these findings according to Live Science.Berberich and her team discovered that red wood ants preferred to build their homes right along activefaults（断 层）in Germany.They counted 15,000 mounds（土 堆）lining the faults.These faults are theplaces where the earth breaks in earthquakes.Using a special camera that tracked changes in activity,Berberich and her team tracked the ants round theclock for three years.They found that the ants*behavior changed only when the quake was over magnitude2.0.There were 10 earthquakes between magnitude 2.0 and 3.2 during this period,and many smallerones.Humans can also sense quakes over magnitude 2.0 only.According to Berberich,normal ant activity is made up of going about collecting food during the day andresting in the night.But before an earthquake,the ants didn*t go back to their mound in the night and movedaround outside it.This strange behavior continued till a day after the earthquake,Berberich told a newsconference,according to Live Science.How do ants know an earthquake is coming?Berberich suggested that they could either be picking upchanging gas or noting small changes in the earths magnetic fields（磁 场.Red wood ants have specialcells which can sense changes in carbon dioxide levels.They also have special cells for discoveringelectromagnetic fields,M she said.Berberich and her team are planning to continue the research in areaswhere there are more and bigger earthquakes.12.The underlined word resume in Paragraph 1 probably means A.present B.recover C.quit D.improve13.What is the purpose of the first paragraph?A.To bring in the main topic.B.To make the text interesting.C.To introduce a famous researcher.D.To tell how to predict an earthquake.14.What happens to the ants before an earthquake?A.They are too excited to rest.B.They dont collect their food.C.They get lost on their way home.D.They refuse to go inside their mound.15.What can be learned about the ants from the passage?A.They can only sense smaller earthquakes.B.They have two ways to predict earthquakes.C.They can be depended on to warn people of earthquakes.D.They like to build their homes where earthquakes happen.根 据 短 文 内 容，从 短 文 后 的 选 项 中 选 出 能 填 人 空 白 处 的 最 佳 选 项，并 在 答 题 卡 上 将 该 项 涂 黑。选 项 中 有 两 项 为 多 余 选 项。Earth Hour is organized by the World Wide Fund for Nature.Ils a big event usually at the end of Marchevery year.On this evening,people*go dark”.Its true that turning off lights for one hour saves only a small amount of power.(2)On one level,joiningin Earth Hour makes people think about the problem of climate change and what we can do in everydaylife to protect nature.But on another level,a large number of peoples acting together sends a powerfulmessage to governments and companies.(3)They begin considering green issues and protecting wildlifewhen making big decisions.The logo(标 识)of Earth Hour is H60+The number 60 is for the 60 minutes of Earth Hour.(4)In fact,people who join in Earth Hour say that taking part makes them want to do more for the environment.(5)Musicians give concerts by playing acoustic(原 声 的)instruments instead of electric ones,and usingcandles instead of electric lights.Famous cooks create special recipes for families to prepare and eat bycandlelight.Tree-pIanting activities,group walks and runs are also among the choices.A.However,this is only the beginning.B.Earth Hour means every hour of every day.C.Every one has to be responsible for what they have done.D.Apart from turning off the lights,people take part in other events.E.That is,they turn off unnecessary lights at the same time for one hour.F.It pushes them to take immediate measures by making necessary changes.G.The plus invites people to continue their action even after Earth Hour is over.16.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.EF.F G.G17.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.EF.F G.G18.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.EF.F G.G19.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.EF.F G.G20.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.EF.F G.G第 一 节 完 形 填 空(共 2 0小 题；每 小 题 1.5分，满 分 3 0分)阅 读 下 面 短 文，从 短 文 后 各 题 所 给 的 A、B、C 和 D 四 个 选 项 中，选 出 可 以 填 入 空 白 处 的 最 佳 选 项，并 在 答 题 卡 上 将 该 项 涂 黑。I still keep the photo taken by my mom and treasure it as my life.That was many years ago when I washaving summer(21)in college and was moving into an apartment.I was carrying two(22)with everythingI was going to need to(23)the six weeks of course.Ifs the last time I can remember ever traveling that(24).Since then，my belongings have(25).Though most of them like my furniture are(26),there are occasionswhen I feel weighed down by all of them.Im sure Ill need two trucks(27)two suitcases if I ever(28)again.However,one thought brings me(29).Ifs the knowledge that when I make my(30)journey from thisworld-Im dead，I wont(31)any of those things with me.The only things Pll take will be what Ive packedin the suitcase of my(32).Ill be carrying with me every33)thing I ever did,every loving thought I evershared and every bit off 34)I ever brought into this world to make others laugh.Ill be carrying all thegoodness I gave to others,all the(35)I was able to share and all the joy I created.These things wont beweighing me down.Instead,Ill be surely(36).As youYe(37)for your own final trip-completely prepared,make sure you should not make your(38)heavy.Make sure the belongings in your home(39)take second place to the love in your heart.When you(40)it in the heaven,all the angels will smile.21.A.classes B.holidays C.debates D.visits22.A.handbags B.packages C.suitcases D.containers23.A.apply for B.concentrate on C.adapt to D.get through24.A.hard B.unforgettably C.light D.happily25.A.improved B.grown C.disappeared D.existed26.A.expensive B.unusual C.enjoyable D.useful27.A.other than B.despite C.rather than D.besides28.A.move B.count C.consider D.demand29.A.confusion B.matter C.comfort D.worry30.A.safe B.final C.long D.painful31.A.take B.compare C.connect D.see32.A.home B.body C.college D.mind33.A.kind B.strange C.little D.common34.A.knowledge B.laughter C.hope D.thought35.A.treasure B.information C.profit D.love36.A.tired out B.helped out C.lifted up D.given up37.A.eager B.ready C.suitable D.responsible38.A.travel B.world C.schedule D.heart39.A.even B.seldom C.always D.never40.A.cover B.find C.unify D.unpack4 1.第 二 节 阅 读 下 面 短 文，在 空 白 处 填 入 1个 适 当 的 单 词 或 括 号 内 单 词 的 正 确 形 式，并 将 答 案 填 写 在 答 题 卡 相 应 的 位 置 上。Few things could be more impressive than China high-speed rail system,especially the speed at 1)it developed-and is still developing.Such speed is known as China speed1.China speed(2)(mean)a lot to the country.The past 30 years have seen Chinas rapiddevelopment in(variety)areas，like the economy,technology and trade.Weve seen lots oftall(4)(building)spring up almost overnight,with roads and highways connecting everycomer.And mobile payment and online shopping are playing increasingly important roles ineveryone*s life.Chinas speed has changed our country and impressed the world.(5),as we enjoy the benefits of China speed,the problems it brings us cant be ignored,such asthe air pollution and traffic problems.As a high price is(pay)now,maybe we should thinkabout what China speed will bring us in the next 30 years.W e need to know our future depends on the choices we make today,so it is our duty(give)China a new definition.If you pay close attention to the word speed,you may notice that each letterstands for something(8)(interest)：Society,Progress,Economy,Environment andDevelopment.Our society*s progress depends(large)on the balance among them.That is whatwe need to keep(10)mind as China continues to speed ahead.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)4 2.第 一 节 短 文 改 错 假 定 英 语 课 上 老 师 要 求 同 桌 之 间 交 换 修 改 作 文，请 你 修 改 你 同 桌 写 的 以 下 作 文。文 中 共 有 10处 语 言 错 误，每 句 中 最 多 有 两 处。每 处 错 误 仅 涉 及 一 个 单 词 的 增 加、删 除 或 修 改。增 加：在 缺 词 处 加 一 个 漏 字 符 号(A),并 在 其 下 面 写 出 该 加 的 词。删 除：把 多 余 的 词 用 斜 线()划 掉。修 改：在 错 的 词 下 划 一 横 线，并 在 该 词 下 面 写 出 修 改 后 的 词。注 意：(1)每 处 错 误 及 其 修 改 均 仅 限 一 词；(2)只 允 许 修 改 10处，多 者(从 第 11处 起)不 计 分。Since last year,the haze(霜)weather had happened many times in my hometown,when it has donegreat harm