八年级英语下册Unit8课时3SectionB（1a-1d)教案（人教版）.pdf

Unit 8 Have you read Treasure Island yet?课时 3 Section B(la-ld)Learning aims:l.To listen and understand the conversation between Alex and Dave.2.To leam about music.3.To be able to talk about music with your partner.4.To learn new words:pop,rock,bandf*自主学习cW重点句子1._你 读 过 小妇人吗？-_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 是的，我读过。/不，我没读过。2._你已经读过什么书？我已经读过 汤姆 索亚历险记和 哈利波特。答案：1.一Have you read Little Woman yet?你 读 过 小妇人吗？Yes,I have./No,I haven?t.是的，我读过。/不，我没读过。2.What books have you already read?你已经读过什么书？一fve already read Tom Sawyer and Harry Potter.我已经读过 汤姆 索亚历险记和 哈利波特。must意为“一定”，在这里表示有把握的,推测，只用在肯定句中，否定句中表推测用cant代替。cant表示很有把握的否定猜测，意为“不可能”。时He got up at seven thirty.He must be late for school today.他七点半起的。今天他上学一定会迟到。kits Sunday today.Mr.Li carTt be in the office.今天是星期天。李老师不可能在办公室。【知识拓展】may表示不太确定的（可能性小）猜测，意为“也许，可能二多用于肯定句或否定陈述句中，may后应接动词原形，无动词时应加be动词。iToday is sunny.It may be sunny tomorrow,too.今天是晴天。明天可能也是晴天。一It took me nearly two hours to walk here.一Have a rest then.You be tired.A.cant B.must C.mustnt D.can【答案】B【解析】句意：-我花了将近两个小时才走到这儿。-那休息一下吧，你一定累了。can、不能；must必须，一定；m ustnt必 须 不 能；can能；must一定，表示肯定推测，符合语境。故 选 B。现在完成时（一）现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，也可以表示从过去某一时间开始，一直持续到现在的动作或状态。常与already（已经），just（刚刚），ever（曾经）,never（从不）,before（以前），yet（仍然）等连用。考 点1现在完成时的结构肯定句主语+have/has+动词的过去分词+其他.I have already finished my homework.我己经完成了我的作业。否定句主语+have/has+not+动词的过去分词+其他.I have not heard from him yet.我还没收到他的来信。一般疑问句和简略回Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词+其他？答Y es,主语+have/has.N o,主语+have/has not.Have you ever been to Beijing?你曾去过北京吗？Yes,I have.是的，我去过。/No,I havent.不，我没去过。注意：have n o t常简略为havent has n o t常简略为hasnt。Monica,you the exam!Congratulation!A.pass B.have passed C.will pass D.are passing【答案】B【解析】本题用语境判断法。由 Congratulation!可知是已经通过考试了，对现在的影响，用现在完成时。考点2 already与 yet在现在完成时中的用法already adv.已经；早已通常用于肯定句中，一般用于have/has后，实义动词前，也有放在句尾的情况。I have already hadbreak fast.我己经吃过早饭了。yetadu.还；已经用于否定句和疑问句中，一般用在句末。I havent done myhomework yet.我还没有做作业。Has your sister finished reading?一Yes.She has finished it.A.yet；yet B.yet；already C.already；yet【答案】B【解析】本题用语法判定法。already常用于肯定陈述句中，yet多用于否定句或疑问句中。考点3 一般过去时与现在完成时的区别1.一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情。现在完成时强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。I saw this film yesterday.我昨天看了这部电影。I have seen this film.这部电影我已经看过了。学&科网2.一般过去时常与具体的表示过去的时间状语(如：yesterday,last week,three days ago,in 1990等)连 用；现在完成时不与表示明确的过去的时间状语连用，但可以与in the past.years/weeks,so far等时间状语连用。Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.昨晚汤姆给他父母写 了 一封信。The weather has been so hot so far this summer.到目前为止，今年夏天天气一直很热。I the book club last week and I two books already.A.join；read B.joined；read C.joined；have read D.joined；has read【答案】C【解析】由句中时间状语last week可知第一个空应用一般过去时；由句中already可知第二个空应用现在完成时。讲堂演 练、一 人 一 ,一、单项选择1.The Japanese book belong to Julia.She is the only one whos studying Japanese.A.must B.can C.may D.might【答案】A【详解】句意：这本日文书一定是朱莉娅的。她是唯一一个学习日语的人。考查情态动词。must一定；can 可以；may 也 许;might 可能。根据“She is the only one whos studying Japanese,”可知,这里是肯定的推测，且有很大的把握，故用must。故选A。2.一Ive finished my h o me wo r k.What about you?Not.A.already;yet B.already;still C.yet;yet D.yet;already【答案】A【详解】句 意:我已经完成我的作业了。你呢？还没有。考查副词辨析。already已经；yet还，到目前为止；still 仍然。根据Ive finished my homework.What about you?Not.”可知，我已经完成了作业，对方还没有完成，already用于肯定句中，yet用于否定句或疑问句中。故选A。3.Hard work brings us,but if we are lazy,we wont be.A.success;success B.successful;successC.success;successful D.successful;successful【答案】C【详解】句意：努力工作为我们带来成功，但如果我们太懒惰，我们将不会成功。考查形容词和名词的用法。success成功，名词；successful成功的，形容词。空格一处作bring的宾语，应用名词形式；空格二处作 be动词的表语，用形容词形式。故选C。4.Have you written anything on traditional Chinese food so far?,but I have a plan for it.A.Ever since B.Later on C.Not yet D.From now on【答案】C【详解】句意：到目前为止你写过关于中国传统美食的文章吗？还没有，但我有这个计划。考查副词短语。ever since自那以来；lateron后来；notyet还没有；from now on从现在起。根据语境可知，此处是否定回答，C 选项符合句意，故选C。5.一Jack,its eight oclock now.Why are you still here?Because I my report yet.A.dont finish B.didnt finish C.won?t finish D.haven9t finished【答案】D【详解】句意：杰克，现在八点了。你为什么还在这里？因为我还没有完成我的报告。考查现在完成时。由空后“yet”可知，此处使用现在完成时，结构是have+过去分词。故选D。6.Daniel Lucy in 2010.That is to say,they for 11 years.A.got married with;have got married B.got married to;have marriedC.married;have been married D.married to;have been married【答案】C【详解】句意：丹尼奥在2010年跟露西结婚了，他们已经结婚I I 年了。考查延续性动词和时态。“和某人结婚”可用 get married to sb 或 marry sb。排除 A、D；根据Daniel.Lucy in 2010.That is to say,they.for 11years.”可知，第一个句子时间状语in 2 0 1 0,句子用一般过去时；第二个句子时间状语for 11 years,句子要与持续性动词一起连用，get married是短暂性动词，其对应的持续性动词是be m arry,所以第二个空格填have been married0 故选 Co7.The football match for an hour,but we are still very excited.A.has finished B.has endedC.has been over D.has over【答案】C【详解】句意：足球比赛己经结束一个小时了，但我们仍然很兴奋。考查延续性动词和非延续性动词。finish完成；end结束；be over结束；over结束的。has over是错误搭配，排除，结合“for an hour”可知此处用延续性动词。故选C。8.Have you seen him?Yes.He home for two days.A.has come B.has returned C.has been D.has got【答案】C【详解】句意：你见过他吗？是的。他已经回家两天了。考查动词辨析。hascome/returned/been/got home都表示“回家h a s。has been是延续性动词，可以与段时间连用。come,return,gel都是短暂性动词，由for two days”可知，用 has been。故选C。9.Have you been to the UK?A.just B.ever C.once D.yet【答案】B【详解】句意：你去过英国吗？考查副词。just刚刚；ever曾经；once一次，yet还。根据句意可知，这里表示你“曾经”去过英国吗，所以是ever。故选B。10.Do you know how long in Beijing?A.he has lived B.has he livedC.did he live D.he lives【答案】A【详解】句意：你知道他在北京住了多久吗？考查宾语从句。宾语从句语序为陈述句；再根据how long”可知，此处时态为现在完成时，应用he has liv ed,表示“他己经住了“。故选A。二、用所给单词适当形式填空11.Nobody except the t wi n s(f a l l)asleep already.【答案】has fallen【详解】句意：除了这对双胞胎，没有人已经睡着。根据“already”判断时态为现在完成时，“Nobody”为主语，不定代词作主语，谓语动词用单数，即用“has done”的形式。故填has fallen。12.The 24 Winter Olympic Games was held in Beijing and Zhangjiakou.It was a g r e a t(s u c c e s s f u l).【答案】success【详解】句意：第 24届冬奥会在北京和张家口举行。这是一个巨大的成功。successful“成功的”，形容词；根据It was a great.”可知，冬奥会是一个巨大的成功，空处需填单数可数名词success 成功”，作表语。故填success o13.S c i e n t i s t s(n o t,discover)any life on Mars yet.【答案】havent discovered【详解】句意：科学家们还没有在火星上发现任何生命。根据“yet”可知本句应用现在完成时，主语是复数，助动词用 h av e,和 not 缩写为 havent。故填 havent discovered014.y o u(h e a r)from your parents recently?I miss them very much as well.【答案】Have heard【详解】句意：你最近收到你父母的来信吗？我也非常想念他们。根据“recently”可知，本句是现在完成时，其一般疑问句为Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词+其他？主语是y o u,助动词用have,hear的过去分词为 heardo 故填 Have；heardo15.The old womans husband has b e e n(d i e)for years,and she misses him very much.【答案】dead【详解】句意：这个老太太的丈夫死了很多年了,她非常想念他。根据“has been.for years”可知，此处应用 die延续性动词be dead。故填deado三、完形填空A crocodile(鳄鱼)wanted to eat bananas.However,the bananas were on the tree and he couldnt 16them.A monkey saw it and helped him get 17.Then the crocodile took them home to his wife(妻子).“That monkey 18 bananas,his wife said,so his heart must taste great.Ask him to visit us,and thenwe can have a good meal of his 19The next day,the crocodile found the monkey and said,“My wife is 20.She wants you to visit her.21 the monkey said.The crocodile carried the monkey across(穿 过)the river 22,his home.“Tell me what your 23 is.Maybe I can give you some medicine,the monkey said.“The only medicine I need,she said,“is your heart.Thinking 24、the monkey said,“I left my heart in a banana tree.Would you like me to get it?”The crocodiled wife agreed,25 her husband carried the monkey back to the banana tree.Then themonkey climbed to the tree and disappeared（消失）16.A.reachB.lendC.findD.collect17.A.fewB.anyC.someD.most18.A.spends onB.lives onc.puts onD.takes care of19.A.bananasB.heartc.meatD.fruit20.A.angryB.kindc.healthyD.sick21.A.Youre kiddingB.Never mindc.All rightD.Youre welcome22.A.toB.ofc.aboutD.on23.A.jobB.hobbyc.problemD.task24.A.reallyB.quicklyc.hardlyD.probably25.A.ifB.butc.becauseD.so【答案】16.A 17.C 18.B 19.B 20.D21.C22.A 23.C 24.B 25.D【导语】本文讲述了鳄鱼和猴子之间的一则故事：鳄鱼的妻子想吃猴子的心脏，猴子利用自己的聪明成功逃脱了。16.句意：然而，香蕉在树上，他够不着。reach够到；lend借出；find发现；collect收集。根据“the bananas were on the tree”可知，香蕉在树上他够不着，故选A。17.句意：一只猴子看到了，帮他弄了一些。few几乎没有，修饰复数名词；any任何；some-些；most最多。根据“Then the crocodile took them hometo his wife（妻子）.”可知，猴子帮助鳄鱼弄到了一些香蕉，故选C。18.句意：那只猴子以香蕉为生。spends on 在.方面花费；lives on 以.为生；puts on 穿上；takes care of 照顾。根据“Thatmonkey.bananas.so his heart must taste great.”及常识可知，猴子以香蕉为生，故选 B。19.句意：请他来看我们，这样我们就可以饱餐一顿了。bananas 香蕉；heart 心脏；meat 肉；fruit 水果。根据so his heart must taste great.we can have a good meal ofhis”可知，鳄鱼的妻子想要吃猴子的心脏，故选B。20.句意：我妻子病了，她想让你去看她。angry生气的；kind善良的；healthy健康的；sick生病的。根据“She wants you to visit her.”可知，鳄鱼的妻子生病了，故选D。21.句意：“好的，”猴子说。Youre kidding 你在开玩笑；Never mind 没关系；All right 好的；Youre welcome 不用谢。根据“Thecrocodile caiTied the monkey across（穿过）the river.his home.”可知，猴子同意去看望鳄鱼的妻子，应回答“all right”,故选 C。22.句意：鳄鱼带着猴子过河到他的家。to 朝,向;of.的；about 关 于;on 在.上。SThe crocodile carried the monkey across（穿过）theriver.his home”可知，鳄鱼带着猴子朝他家走去，表示“朝，向”，应用介词t o,故选A。23.句意：告诉我你有什么问题。job 工 作;hobby 兴趣；problem 问题；task 任务。根据Maybe 1 can give you some medicine”可知，猴子问鳄鱼的妻子有什么问题，故选C。24.句意：猴子很快地想了一下，说：“我把我的心放在香蕉树上了。你想让我去拿吗？”really真地；quickly快地；hardly几乎不；probably可能。根据上下文的理解可知，面对鳄鱼的妻子要吃猴子的心脏这么危险的情况，猴子快速的思考，故选B。25.句意：鳄鱼的妻子同意了，于是她的丈夫把猴子带回香蕉树。if 如果；but 但是；because 因为；so 因此。根据“The crocodiles wife agreed.her husband carried the monkeyback to the banana tree”可知，空后的句子表示结果，应用so连接，故选D。四、阅读理解AThe best thing about going to school is learning how to read.Books are great friends.They can help you tolearn about anything you want to know.They can go anywhere with you.You can read about animals,farawayplaces,people,and anything else.Books are written by people called authors.Authors think of things they want to write about.They make aplan for a book and start to write.Some authors write books that give us information and teach us things.Authorsare very important people because they teach us how to write.Find a good book to read and read every day,you will enjoy your time with a good book.26.What kind of book can you read about?A.Animals.B.People.C.Places.D.A,B and C.27.What is the best thing about going to school?A.Playing.B.Having lunch.C.Learning how to read.D.Seeing friends.28.What are authors?A.They are people who drive cars.B.They are people who live in big houses.C.They are people who write books.D.They are people who have animals.29.What do authors do before they write a book?A.They think about what they want to write.B.They eat lunch.C.They make a plan for the book.D.Both A and C.30.Authors are important people be c a us e.A.they sing great songs B.they teach us how to writeC.they take time to play D.they have animals【答案】26.D 27.C 28.C 29.D 30.B【导语】本文讲述了一本好书能够帮助我们学习新知识，增长才干，而好的作者会让我们享受阅读。26.细节理解题。根据“You can read about animals,faraway places,people,and anything else.可知，我们可以读到有关动物、遥远的地方、人物或者其他任何东西的书。故选D。27.细节理解题。根据“The best thing about going to school is learning how to read.“可知，上学的最大的好处是学会如何阅读，故选C。28.细节理解题。根据Books are written by people called authors.可知，作者”就是那些写书的人。故选Co29.细节理解题。根据“Authors think of things they want to write about.They make a plan for a book and start towrite.”可知，作者写一本书之前先要思考写什么，然后为要写的书做计划，这些完成后才开始提笔写作。故选D。30.细节理解题。根据“Authors are very important people because they teach us how to write.”可知，作者是非常重要的人，因为他们可以帮助我们学习。故选B。BWhen he was a teenager,Hunter Adams was very unhappy and he spent many years in a special hospital forpeople with mental(精神的)health problems.When he left the hospital,Adams decided to become a doctor,so he went to a medical school in Virginia,theUSA.But when he was there,he did things in a different way.For example,he didn like the doctors?white coats,so he wore shirts with flowers on them when he visited his patients and he tried to make them laugh.The doctors atthe medical school didnt like Adams because he was too different.But Adams believed that people in hospital need more than medicine.He saw unhappy and lonely people,andhe tried to help them.He spent a lot of time with children in hospital and often dressed up like a clown to make thechildren laugh.When he finished medical school and became a doctor,Adams opened his own hospital,called”TheGesundheit Institute,together with some other doctors.They wanted it to be a place with a different way ofworking with sick people.Hunter Adams became famous during the 1980s,and in 1998,Universal Pictures made a film about his life.Itwas very successful.In the film(called Patch Adams),Robin Williams played Adams.Williams said,“Adams is areally warm person,who believes that patients need a doctor who is a friend.I enjoyed playing him.”31.When did Adams have mental health problems?A.After he left medical school.B.During the 1980s.C.When he was a teenage boy.D.After the film came out32.Why did the doctors at the medical school dislike Adams?A.Because he was a warm person.C.Because he was a clown.33.The Gesundheit InstituteA.was a hospitalC.could make filmsB.Because he had mental health problems.D.Because he wasnt the same as others.B.belonged to Universal PicturesD.was a medical school34.According to the passage,which statement is NOT true?A.Adams wore shirts instead of white uniforms when visiting patients.B.Robin Williams believed that patients need a doctor who is a friend.C.In Adams,opinion,not only medicine was needed for patients.D.Robin Williams was an actor.35.The passage mainly tells us about.A.how to cheer up patientsC.a film about AdamsB.people with mental health problemsD.a doctor named Hunter Adams【答案】31.C 32.D 33.A 34.B 35.D【导语】本文讲述了Hunter Adam这位著名的医生的人生经历和事迹。31.细节理解题。根据第一段“When he was a teenager,.he spent many years in a special hospital for peoplewith menial（精神的）health problems.”可知，Hunter Adams在青少年时期患上了精神疾病。故选C。32.细节理解题。根据第二段“The doctors at the medical school didnt 1 汰 e Adams because he was toodifferent.”可知，因为Hunter Adams的一些做法不同于其他人，所以医院的医生不喜欢他。故选D。33.细节理解题。根据第三段“Adams opened his own hospital,called The Gesundheitlnstitute,“可知，Gesundheit Institute 是一家医院。故选 A。34.细节理解题。根据最后一段“Robin Williams played Adams.Williams said,Adams is a really warm person,who believes that patients need a doctor who is a friend.I enjoyed playing him.可知，Robin Williams 认为,声人需要的是朋友般的医生。故选儿35.主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一个名叫Hunter Adams的医生，他的人生经历以及事迹。故选D。五、阅读还原根据短文内容，选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、意思完整。In a small town in Italy,there are many people who enjoy music very much.They like to play different kindsof music instruments.36In this town,three violin makers have all done business for years on the same block.37 Becausethey use the most beautiful Italian wood available（可以用的）to make their violins.38 They come from everywhere to buy the violins from the violin makers in this small town.39 Business became harder.The three violin makers had to do something to stay in business.The Amati family of violin makers decided to put a sign in their shop window saying,4We make the bestviolin in Italy.The Guarneri saw this and they put up their own sign saying,“We make the best violin in theworld.The third family was the Stradivarius family.They considered the situation fbr a week before posting a signoutside the shop saying,44 40A.They are very successful.B.The violin is one of them.C.But fewer and fewer people came.D.We make the best violin on the block.E.Many people around the world enjoy playing the violin.【答案】36.B 37.A 38.E 39.C 40.D【导语】本文讲述了一座小镇上三位小提琴制造者在面临生意窘境时，都选择自夸来推销自己的产品，但聪明的人会通过智慧来为自己赢得顾客。36.根据“They like to play dif住 rent kinds of music instruments.”可知，接下来应介绍某一种乐器，B 选项“小提琴就是其中之一”符合语境，故选B。37.根据“Because th