湖南省郴州市苏仙区多校2022-2023学年高二上学期期末线上联考英语试卷（含解析）.pdf

2022-2023学 年 苏 仙 区 上 学 期 多 校 线 上 期 末 联 考 高 二 英 语 一、选 择 题（共 20题，每 小 题 2.5分，共 50分）第 一 部 分 听 力（共 两 节，满 分 30分）略 第 二 部 分 阅 读（共 两 节，满 分 50分）第 一 节（共 15小 题;每 小 题 2.5分，满 分 37.5分）阅 读 下 列 短 文，从 每 题 所 给 的 A、B、C、D 四 个 选 项 中 选 出 最 佳 选 项。ARecent development has made possible machines that print,cook,and serve foods on a massscale.And the industry isnt stopping there.Food productionWith a 3D printer,a cook can print complicated chocolate sculptures and beautiful pieces fordecoration on a wedding cake.Not everybody can do that it takes years of experience,but aprinter makes it easy.A restaurant in Spain uses a Foodini to re-create fbnns and pieces of foodthat arc“exactly the same,“freeing cooks to complete other tasks.In another restaurant,all of thedishes and desserts it serves are 3D-printed,rather than farm to table.Sustainability（可 持 续 性）The global population is expected to grow to 9.6 billion by 2050,and some analysts estimatethat food production will need to be raised by 50 percent to maintain current levels.Sustainability isbecoming a necessity.3D food printing could probably contribute to the solution.Some expertsbelieve printers could use hydrocolloids（水 解 胶 体）from plentiful renewables like algae（藻 类）andgrass to replace the familiar ingredients（烹 饪 原 料）.3D printing can reduce fuel use and emissions.Grocery stores of the future might stock 4tfood that lasts years on end,freeing up shelf space andreducing transportation and storage requirements.NutritionFuture 3D food printers could make processed food healthier.Hod Lipson,a professor atColumbia University,said,“Food printing could allow consumers to print food with customizednutritional content,like vitamins.So instead of eating a piece of yesterdays bread from thesupermarket,youd eat something baked just for you on demand.”ChallengesDespite recent advancements in 3D food printing,the industry has many challenges toovercome.Currently,most ingredients must be changed to a paste（糊 状 物）before a printer can usethem,and the printing process is quite time-consuming,because ingredients interact with each otherin very complex ways.On top of that,most of the 3D food printers now are restricted to dryingredients,because meat and milk products may easily go bad.Some experts are skeptical about3D food printers,believing they are better suited for fast food restaurants than homes and high-endrestaurants.1.What benefit does 3D printing bring to food production?A.Il helps cooks to create new dishes.B.It saves time and effort in cooking.C.It improves the cooking conditions.D.It contributes to restaurant decorations.2.What can we leam about 3D food printing from Paragraphs 3?A.It solves food shortages easily.B.It quickens the transportation of food.C.It needs no space for the storage of food.D.Il uses renewable materials as sources of food.3.According to Paragraph 4,3D-printed f o o d.A.is more available to consumersB.can meet individual nutritional needsC.is more tasty than food in supermarketsD.can keep all the nutrition in raw materials【答 案】l.B 2.D 3.B【1题 详 解】推 理 判 断 题。根 据 Food production 部 分 下 的“With a 3D printer,a cook can print complicatedchocolate sculptures and beautiful pieces for decoration on a wedding cake.Not everybody can dothat it takes years of experience,but a printer makes it easy.A restaurant in Spain uses aFoodini to“re-create forms and pieces of food that are“exactly the same J freeing cooks tocomplete olher tasks.（通 过 3 D 打 印 机，厨 师 可 以 打 印 出 复 杂 的 巧 克 力 雕 塑 和 漂 亮 的 蛋 糕 装 饰 品。不 是 每 个 人 都 能 做 到 这 一 点 这 需 要 多 年 的 经 验，但 打 印 机 可 以 让 它 变 得 简 单。西 班 牙 的 一 家 餐 厅 使 用 Foodini来“重 新 创 造”“完 全 相 同”的 食 物 形 式 和 片 段，让 厨 师 们 有 时 间 完 成 其 他 任 务。户 可 推 断 出，3 D打 印 技 术 能 节 省 厨 师 烹 饪 的 时 间 和 精 力，故 选 B。【2 题 详 解】细 节 理 解 题。根 据 第 三 段 中“Some experts believe printers could use hydrocolloids（水 解 胶 体）from plentiful renewables like algae（藻 类）and grass to replace the familiar ingredients（烹 饪 原 料）.（一 些 专 家 认 为，打 印 机 可 以 使 用 来 自 大 量 可 再 生 能 源，如 藻 类 和 草 类 的 亲 水 胶 体 来 取 代 人 们 熟 悉 的 成 分。）可 知，3 D食 品 打 印 使 用 可 再 生 材 料 作 为 食 物 来 源。故 选 D。【3 题 详 解】细 节 理 解 题。根 据 第 四 段 中“Food printing could allow consumers to print food with customizednutritional content,like vitamins.（食 品 打 印 可 以 让 消 费 者 打 印 出 定 制 营 养 成 分 的 食 品,如 维 生 素。”广 可 知，3D食 品 打 印 能 满 足 个 人 的 营 养 需 求，故 选 B。BWhen Anika Puri visited India with her family four years ago,she was suiprised to come acrossa market in Bombay filled with rows of ivory jewelry（象 牙 饰 品）and statues.Globally,ivory tradehas been illegal for more than 30 years,and elephant hunting has been prohibited in India since the1970s.“I was quite shocked,the 17-year-old from New York,recalls,Because poaching（偷 猎）isillegal,how come it is still such a big issue?”Curious,Puri did some research and discovered a shocking statistic:Africas forest elephantpopulation had declined by about 62 percent between 2002 and 2011.Years later,the numberscontinued to drop.Puri,a wildlife lover,wanted to do something to help protect the species andothers still threatened by poaching.Over the course of two years,Puri created ElSa,a low-cost product of a machinelearning-driven software that analyzes movement patterns in thermal infrared（热 红 夕 卜）videos ofhumans and elephants.Puri says the software is four times more accurate than existingstate-of-the-art detection methods.It also eliminates the need for expensive high-definition thermalcameras,which can cost thousands,she says.ElSa uses a$250 FLIR ONE Pro thermal camera with206*156 resolution that plugs into an off-the-shelf iPhone 6.The camera and iPhone are thenattached to a drone（无 人 机），and the system produces real-time inferences as it flies over parks asto whether objects below are humans or elephants.Its potential impact on society earned her the Peggy Scripps Award for ScienceCommunication.Research isnt a straight line,Puri says.It makes me resourceful.It helps medevelop into a more creative thinker.4.What inspired Anika Puri to make the invention?A.One study trip to Bombay.visit in India.D.Her love for ivory.B.The deep passion for law.C.One5.How does the author explain the situation of Africas forest elephant?A.By listing figures.C.By showing an example.6.Whats the research like in Anika Puris eyes?A.Its tough and cant reach the goal.C.It really requires a variety of resources.because of the need.7.What may be the best title of the text?A.Poaching Is a Shocking ProblemB.Drones Were Applied to the Ban on PoachingB.By making comparison.D.By refemng to some former studies.B.Its beneficial to ones development.D.It should be further developedC.A Fantastic Discovery Was Eventually Made by a Brilliant TeenagerD.A Teenager Invented a Low-Cost Tool to Spot Elephant Poachers in Real Time【答 案】4.C 5.A 6.B 7.D【4 题 详 解】细 节 理 解 题。根 据 第 一 段 中“When Anika Puri visited India with her family four years ago,shewas surprised to come across a market in Bombay filled with rows of ivory jewelry（象 牙 饰 品）andstatues.Globally,ivory trade has been illegal fbr more than 30 years,and elephant hunting has beenprohibited in India since the 1970s.（四 年 前,当 Anika Puri和 家 人 一 起 访 问 印 度 时，她 惊 讶 地 发 现 孟 买 的 一 个 市 场 里 摆 满 了 成 排 的 象 牙 珠 宝 和 雕 像。在 全 球 范 围 内，象 牙 贸 易 3 0多 年 来 一 直 是 非 法 的，自 2 0世 纪 7 0年 代 以 来，印 度 就 禁 止 猎 杀 大 象。）”以 及 第 三 段 中“Puri,awildlifelover,wanted to do something to help protect the species and others still threatened bypoaching.（AnikaPuri是 一 名 野 生 动 物 爱 好 者，她 想 做 点 什 么 来 帮 助 保 护 这 些 物 种 和 其 他 仍 然受 到 偷 猎 威 胁 的 物 种。）“可 知，当 AnikaPuri和 家 人 一 起 访 问 印 度 时，发 现 了 市 场 里 摆 满 了 成 排 的 象 牙 珠 宝 和 雕 像，由 此 激 发 了 她 要 做 点 什 么 来 保 护 大 象。故 选 C。【5 题 详 解】推 理 判 断 题。根 据 第 三 段 中 Curious,Puri did some research and discovered a shocking statistic:Africa9s forest elephant population had declined by about 62 percent between 2002 and 2011.Yearslater,the numbers continued to drop.（出 于 好 奇，Puri做 了 一 些 研 究，发 现 了 一 个 令 人 震 惊 的 统 计 数 据：2002年 至 2011年 间，非 洲 森 林 象 的 数 量 下 降 了 约 62%。多 年 后，这 一 数 字 继 续 下 降。）“可 知，作 者 通 过 列 举 数 字 的 方 式 介 绍 了 非 洲 森 林 象 的 情 况。故 选 A。【6 题 详 解】推 理 判 断 题。根 据 最 后 一 段 中“Puri says.“It makes me resourceful.It helps me develop into amore creative thinker.”（Puri说“这 让 我 足 智 多 谋。它 帮 助 我 成 长 为 一 个 更 有 创 造 力 的 思 考 者。）可 知，在 Puri看 来，研 究 让 她 变 得 足 智 多 谋，让 她 成 长 为 一 个 更 有 创 造 力 的 思 考 者，即 科 学 研 究 对 一 个 人 的 发 展 是 有 益 的。故 选 B。【7 题 详 解】主 旨 大 意 题。通 读 全 文，文 章 讲 述 了 主 人 公 A nikaPuri在 与 家 人 外 出 旅 行 中 偶 然 间 发 现 盗 猎 大 象 的 现 象，于 是 她 通 过 观 察 和 研 究，发 明 了 E lS a软 件 来 帮 助 保 护 大 象 的 故 事。故 D 选 项 4 4A Teenager Invented a Low-Cost Tool to Spot Elephant Poachers in Real Time（一 名 青 少 年 发 明 了 一 种 低 成 本 的 工 具，可 以 实 时 发 现 大 象 偷 猎 者）”概 括 全 文，适 合 文 章 标 题。故 选 D。COne day when I was five,my mother scolded me for not finishing my rice and I got angry.Iwanted to play outside and not be made to finish eating my old rice.In my angry movement to openthe screen door with my foot,I had kicked back about a 12-inch part of the lower left hand corner ofthe new screen door.But I had no remorse,for I was happy to be playing in the backyard with mytoys.Today,I know if my child had done what I did,I would have scolded my child,and told himabout how expensive this new screen door was,and I would have delivered a spanking fbr suchbehavior.My parents never said a word.They left the comer of the screen door be,creating anopening,a breach（裂 缝）in the defense against unwanted insects.For years,every time I saw that corner of the screen,it would constantly remind me of mymistake.For years I knew that everyone in my family would see that hole and remember who did it.For years,every time I saw a fly buzzing in the kitchen,I would wonder if it came in through thehole that I had created with my angry foot.I would wonder if my family members were thinking thesame thing,silently blaming me every time a flying insect entered our home,making life moreterrible for us all.My parents taught me a valuable lesson,one that a spanking or stern（严 厉 的）words perhapscould not deliver.Their silent punishment for my behavior delivered a hundred stern messages tome.Above all,it has helped me become a more patient person and not burst out so easily.8.The underlined word“remorse in Paragraph 1 most probably m e a n s.A.injury B.senseC.regret D.notice9.When the author damaged the door,his p a r e n t s.A.scolded him for his bad behavior B.gave him a spankingC.told him how expensive it was D.left the door unrepaired10.How did the author feel every time he saw the damaged door?A.He felt it destroyed the happy atmosphere at his home.B.He found that his family members no longer liked him.C.He felt ashamed of his uncontrolled anger at that time.D.He felt he had to work hard to make up for the damage.11.What is the main idea of this text?A.Silent punishment may have a better effect on educating people.B.What the best way to become a more patient person is.C.Adults should ignore their childrens bad behavior.D.Parents are the best teachers of their children.【答 案】8.C 9.D 10.C 11.A【8 题 详 解】词 义 猜 测 题。根 据 for I was happy to be playing in the backyard with my toys.和 But 可 知，我 并 不 后 悔。由 此 推 知 划 线 词 的 意 思 是“后 悔”。故 选 C。【9 题 详 解】推 理 判 断 题。根 据 第 二 段 中 They left the comer of the screen door be,creating an opening,abreach（裂 缝）in the defense against unwanted insects.“他 们 把 纱 门 的 一 角 留 了 下 来。”由 此 推 知，当 作 者 把 门 弄 坏 时.，他 的 父 母 没 有 把 门 修 好。故 选 D。【10题 详 解】推 理 判 断 题。根 据 第 三 段 中 For years,every time I saw a fly buzzing in the kitchen,I wouldwonder if it came in through the hole that I had created with my angry foot.可 知，作 者 每 次 看 到 那 扇 损 坏 的 门 时 他 为 那 时 自 己 无 法 控 制 的 愤 怒 而 感 到 羞 愧。故 选 Co【11题 详 解】主 旨 大 意 题。根 据 最 后 一 段 My parents taught me a valuable lesson,one that a spanking or stern(严 厉 的)words perhaps could not deliver.Their silent punishment for my behavior delivered ahundred stern messages to me.Above all,it has helped me become a more patient person and notburst out so easily.“我 的 父 母 给 我 上 了 宝 贵 的 一 课，一 个 用 打 屁 股 或 严 厉 的 语 言 可 能 无 法 表 达 的 教 训。他 们 对 我 的 行 为 进 行 了 无 声 的 惩 罚，向 我 传 达 了 上 百 条 严 厉 的 信 息。最 重 要 的 是，它 帮 助 我 成 为 一 个 更 有 耐 心 的 人，不 那 么 容 易 爆 发 可 知，沉 默 的 惩 罚 可 能 对 教 育 人 们 有 更 好 的 效 果。故 选 A。DFacial recognition cameras are everywhere,including in your smartphone.Many people relyon this technology to unlock their phones,open doors or make quick payments,but there is aproblem:Everyone is wearing mask.What a hassle!Now,tech companies have updated their software.Facial recognition technology can nowidentify people even if they are wearing a mask.Beijing-based tech company Hanwang has announced a software which can correctlyrecognize 95 percent of people wearing masks,Engineering&Technology(E&T)reported.Whatsthe secret?Its all about your eyes.Marios Savvides,a professor at Carnegie Mellon University,US,studies facial recognitiontechnology.4tAs we get older,“he said,“our faces change shape,but not the area around our eyes.Itstays the same-even if we put on weight.Another company has also been working on this kind of software.Tech5 has AI that measuresthe shape of your face.It also scans your iris(the colored part of your eyes).Tech5 hopes to ignoreall of the face below the nose.Facial recognition software is about more than just unlocking your phone.Its about publicsafety.Contact-free verification(验 证)has become extremely important due to the COVID-19.More than that,facial recognition can be used to fight crime(3 L J 罪).“It can detect crime suspects,“said Huang Lei,Hanwangs president.Hanwangs technology is used by police in high-securitysettings.This means places like government buildings,subway stations and airports.Huang admitsone big weakness of this new technology:It fails when people wear both masks and sunglasses.uInthis situation,all of the key facial information is lost,but I am convinced that we can overcome theweakness in the future,said Huang.12.What does the underlined word hassle“in paragraph 1 mean?A.habit.B.rule.C.trouble.D.resource.13.What makes facial recognition software able to identify people wearing masks?A.The forehead.B.The facial expression.C.The shape of face.D.The eye region.14.What is Huang Leis attitude towards the facial recognition software?A.Negative.B.Favorable.C.Opposed.D.Doubtful.15.What can be inferred about the new technology from the last paragraph?A.There is room for improvement in it.B.It cannot store key facial information.C.It will lose popularity in the future.D.It wont work if people wear glasses.【答 案】12.C 13.D 14.B 15.A【12题 详 解】词 义 猜 测 题。根 据 第,段 前 两 句 话“Facial recognition cameras are everywhere,including in yoursmartphone.Many people rely on this technology to unlock their phones,open doors or makequick payments,but there is a problem:Everyone is wearing mask.(面 部 识 别 摄 像 头 无 处 不 在，包 括 智 能 手 机。许 多 人 依 靠 这 项 技 术 解 锁 手 机、开 门 或 快 速 付 款，但 有 一 个 问 题：每 个 人 都 戴 着 口 罩。户 可 知，由 于 现 在 人 人 都 带 着 口 罩，所 以 人 脸 识 别 相 对 来 说“更 麻 烦 了”，所 以 划 线 单 词 hassle的 意 思，是“麻 烦 的。故 选 C。【13题 详 解】细 节 理 用 军 题。根 据 第 三 段“Beijing-based tech company Hanwang has announced a softwarewhich can correctly recognize 95 percent of people wearing masks,Engineering&Technology(E&T)reported.Whats the secret?Its all about your eyes.(据 工 程 与 技 术(E&T)报 道，总 部 位 于 北 京 的 科 技 公 司 汉 旺(Hanwang)发 布 了 一 款 软 件，该 软 件 可 以 正 确 识 别 95%戴 面