高考英语一般过去时的用法讲解讲义.pdf
高考英语一般过去时的用法讲解一、如何理解一般过去时的基本用法是表示过去所发生的动作或存在的状态。如：W e w e n t sh o ppi n g y e ste r d a y.我们昨天去买东西了。H e b o ug h t th e c o m pute r f i v e y e a r s a g o.这电脑是他五年前买的。不 管 是“昨天”还 是“五年前”，都属于过去，所以都用一般过去时。二 构成一般过去时的构成方法很简单，那就是谓语动词用过去式。由动词的过去式表示。b e和h a v e分别为w a s/w e r e和h a d下面请看几个例句：H e sto o d up a n d w e n t o ut.他站起来走了 出去。H e h a d l o n g h a i r w h e n h e w a s a te e n a g e r 他十来岁时就留长发。句中的sto o d,w e n t.h a d.w a s均为过去式，句子所用的时态均为一般过去时，三、基本用法(1)表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。这个时间可以通过具体的时间状语、从句或上下文等来表示。如：She bought her friend a present yesterday.她昨天买 了一件礼物给她的朋友。I lived in this village when I was a boy.当我还是个孩子的时候我住在这个村庄里。I went to the city,but my brother remained at home.我去了城市，可弟弟留在了家里。I couldn t sew until I was six.我直到六岁时才会用针缝东西。-Alice is not coming to your birthday party tonight.-But she promised.-艾利斯今晚不来参加你的生日聚会了。一但是她答应要来的。(2)表示过去经常性或习惯性的动作。如：We used to go there every year.我每年都去那儿。We often played together when we were children.我们小时候常在一起玩。The little boy made a living by selling newspaper 那个小男孩靠卖报谋生。She usually went out on Saturday nights.她通常在周六晚上外出。(3)有些情况，发生的时间虽然不很清楚，但实际上是过去发生的，也要用过去时。如：It was a pity you didnt go to the lecture.很遗憾你没去听讲座。I was glad to hear from you.很高兴收到你的信。How did you like the film?你 觉 得 这 部 电 影 怎 样？四、一般过去时表现在(1)少数动词 want,wonder,think.hope,intend 等的一般过去时表示委婉的现在。如：Did You Want to tell me something?你想告诉我什么吗？。I wondered if you could have a word with me.请问你能否和我谈一谈。I thought you might like some flowers.我想您也许想要些花。I hoped you could help me with my English.我希望你能帮我学英语。(2)在宾语从句中，因时态呼应的关系，可用一般过去时表示现在。如：I didn tknowyou were in London.How long have you been here?我不知道你在伦敦，你在这儿多久了？I clearly forgot it was my birthday today.我确实忘了今天是我的生日。(3)think mean等动词的过去时表示与现在事实相反的情况。如：I meant to get up early,but forgot to set the alarm.我本想要早起，但忘记了上闹钟。I never thought to work here.我从夫料到会在这，班。I didnt expect to meet you here.我没想到在这儿碰到你。(4)在某些句型中一般过去时表示现在或将来。如：It s high time you started.你早就该动身了。I wish I were 30 years younger.我但原自己能年轻三十岁。I wish I had a car some day.要是我们来日有一辆车多好啊。I d rather it were winter now.我但原现在是冬天。I d rather you come next Monday.我宁愿你下周星期一来。If I had the money now I would buy an English-Englishdictionary.如果我现在有钱，我就买本英-英词典。She talked as if he knew everything.她说话的神情,好像她什么都知道似的。五、常用考点表示在过去某个时间所发生的动作或所处的状态。常与yesterday,last week,in 1989.just now,a moment ago,the otherday等连用。如：He was here just now.他刚才还在这里。What did you do yesterday?你昨天做了什么事？在过去一段时间内的经常性或习惯性动作。如：We often plaved together when we were children.我们小时候常在一起玩。注：表示过去经常发生的动作还可用used t o 和would。如：He used to smoke a lot,but he doesn t now.他过去经常抽烟，但现在不抽了。Whenever we were in trouble,he would help us.每当我们遇到困难，他都会帮助我们。表示主语过去的特征或性格。如：At that time she was very good at English.那时她英语学得很好。用在状语从句中表示过去将来。如：He said he would wait until they came back一般过去时有时可以表示现在，多 与 want,hope,wonder,think,intend等动词连用，使语气更委婉。如：I wondered if you could help me.不知你能不能帮我一下。有时用一般过去时也是时态一致的需要。如：I d i d n t k n o w y o u w e r e h e r e.没想到你在这里。注意：1 .表示一系列的动作，尽管有先后，都用一般过去时，最后两个动词之间用a n d 连结。如：H e o p e n e d t h e d o o r,r u s h e d o u t a n d t h e n d i s a p p e a r e d.他打开门，冲了出去，然后就消失了。2 .注意在语境中理解“我刚才/原来还不如：-Y o u r p h o n e n u m b e r a g a i n?I d i d n t q u i t e c a t c h i t.-I t s2 5 6 6 6 6 6.请再说一次你的电话号码，好吗？我刚才没听清楚。是2 5 6 6 6 6 6 c
