近五年高考英语真题中的语法填空题及答题策略.pdf
近五年高考英语真题中的语法填空题及答题策略已给单词提示类01名词形式变化提示单词为名词的情况，名词可以变成单数、复数或者所有格形式。例：There are many students living at school.The_(child)houses areall far from school.答案：childrens思路分析：由students一词可以判断出横线处应填复数，且作为houses的定语，所以应用其所有格形式，故答案为child的复合变化形式一一复数的所有格 childrenSo02动词形式变化例：A t a lk(g iv e)tomorrow is written by Professor Wang.答案：t。be given思路分析：句中的is whtten是整句的谓语，所以横线所在的动词应当用作非谓语。从 tomorrow可以看出，报告是 将来”的，故用不定式；且报告是give动作的承受者，故可以判断这里用give的不定式被动式 to be given。03代词形式变化代词变化通常适合人称变化相关。看到提示单词是代词，一定要注意人称！人称代词注意主宾格，物主代词注意形容词性还有名词性。另外还有几个不定代词的变化形式，比如n。one none,other还有another,最后千万不要忘了反身代词。例：The king decided to see the painter b y(h e).答案：himself思路分析：由介词by可以看出，横线处应填反身代词himseh04形容词、副词变化一般情况都是形容词副词互换形式，做改错的同学肯定特别有经验。形容词跟副词之间反复横跳，这可是改错的传统艺能，堪比名词单复数。不过需要注意的是，形容词和副词还有比较级以及最高级的变化，一般构成比较级和最高级的方式，或通过加后缀-e r和-e st,或 在 词 前 加more/less和most/least,且形容词的最高级还要冠以the。例：I am_(tall)than Liu Wen.He is the tallest students in my class.答案：less tall思路分析：此题后句交代了 Liu Wen是班上最高的学生，那 我 肯定比他矮,所以不能用taller,只能用表示程度不如的less tall。05数词形式变化数词变化基本是考查基数词、序数词，再或者就是作分母用的序数词的单复数形式，以及。ne/two的特殊变化形式once/twice。例：To my three sons I leave my seventeen horses.My eldest son shall takea half,my second son shall take a _(three).答案：third思路分析：从上下文连续起来理解，这是一个分马的计划，大儿子分得a half,也就是 一半 或 二分之一，那么二儿子应该得“三分之一，所以要填入作分母的序数词third”才能命中目标。06词的派生词的派生考查点主要出现在名词、动词、形容词和副词四种词当中。这个主要考验对词根、前后缀、派生词的掌握。例：Peter lost his wallet yesterday,so he was ve ry(h ap pine ss).答案：unhappy思路分析：学生很容易判断出该用形容词；钱包丢了，人应该是不开心的，所以要再加个前缀-u n,就成了 unhappy.,未给单词提示类01固定短语结构看句子中间划横线的前后，还有整句判断前后是否构成一个固定短语。有时候需要对横线前或后的几个单词“视而不见”才能找到答题点。例 l：The children were playing on the g ro u n d,e n jo yin g,dirty but happy.答案：themselves思路分析:从句中的happy可以猜出孩子们是开心的，所以应用enjoy oneself短语，故其答案为themselves。例 2：His boss was angry as to fire him.答案：so思路分析：如果 跳过 横线后面的angry,就可以发现这里用到一个关联短语so.as to.,所以，so 是正解。02从句引导词例 1：He did not do his father had asked him to do.答案：what思路分析：审题可知，横线所在为宾语从句的引导词，此引导词在从旬中充当宾语，且指物，所以是what。例 2：Those want to go to the village must sign here.答案：who思路分析：经过观察可以判断横线所在为定语从句的引导词，进一步观察可知先行词为those,且指人，所以只能填入w h o,在定语从句中作主语飞03动词短语结构动词短语是以动词为中心的两个或多个词构成的短语，此类短语中往往是动词与介词或副词连用的多些。例：The US consists fifty states.答案：of思路分析：根据常识可知，美国由50个州组成，故横线处与前一词组合，表示“由 组成，所以答案是of。04短语介词结构短语介词即多个词的组合。起介词作用的短语，如：except for,due to等。例：Mr Smith took a plane to London of taking a train.答案：instead思路分析:此题中说到两种交通工具,所以可以理解此句有 坐.而不是坐.的意思，故答案为instead,以构成介词短语instead of。0 5 连词、关联短语结构常用的连词有 and,or,but,so,for,while 等。常用的关联短语有 both.and.,either.or.,neither.nor.,not only.butalso等。例:Marrie and Jannie like going to the theatre.答案：Both思路分析：横线处的词与后面可以构成both.and,故答案为Both。06冠词、介词和常用的副词例 1：Jackie likes to drive at high speed.答案：a思路分析:这里考查的是不定冠词的习惯用法，答案为a,构成at a high speed,以高速 开车。例 2：Old Toms granddaughter used to visit him Saturday afternoon.答案：on思路分析：Saturday afternoon是指定的某天下午，所以不用介词in,而用on才是正解。例 3：Though Liu Qiang did the same work Zhang Wen did,he got alower pay Zhang Wen.答案：than思路分析：第一条横线可由前面的the same断出用a s,第二条横线则可由lower断出比较意义，故答案为thano071上下文中出现的关联词例：Tony travelling abroad,but dislikes staying home watching TV.答案：likes思路分析：由第二句话中的dislikes可以判断,此横线处应该是填其反义词likes。全国各地历年高考真题全收录2022年新高考I 卷The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda NationalPark(GPNP).56(cover)an area about three times 57 size ofYellowstone National Park,the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in thecountry.The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areasthat_ 58_(be)previously unprotected,bringing many of the existing protectedareas for giant pandas under one authority_59_(increase)effectiveness andreduce inconsistencies in management.After a three-year pilot period,the GPNP will be officially set up next year.TheGPNP_ 60_(design)to reflect the guiding principle of“protecting theauthenticity and integrity(完整 性)of natural ecosystems,preserving biologicaldiversity,protecting ecological buffer zones,_61_leaving behind preciousnatural assets(资产)for future generationsv.The GPNPs main goal is to improveconnectivity between separate_62_(population)and homes of giant pandas,and_63_(eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild.Giant pandas also serve_64_an umbrella species(物种)，bringing protection toa host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China.The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all thespecies 65 live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve thehealth of the ecosystem in the area.2022年全国甲卷A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked(徒步)40 days to Xian,as afirst step_61_(journey)the Belt and Road route(路线)by foot.On the 1,100.Kilometer journey,the man Cao Shengkang,_62_lost his eyesightat the age of eight in a car accident,crossed 40 cities and counties in three province.Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation_ 63_(hold)in Beijing,Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute(致敬)to the ancientSilk Road._64_friend of his,Wu Fan,volunteered to be his companion duringthe trip.Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road,in order to promoteenvironmental_65_(protect).Cao believes this will make the hiking trip evenmore_66_(meaning).The two of them collected more than 1,000 plasticbottles along the 40-day journey.In the last five years.Cao_67_(walk)through 34 countries in six continents,and in 2016,he reached the top of Kilimanjaro,Africas_68_(high)mountain.Now,Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Roadroute.He flew 4,700 kilometers_69_Xian to Kashgar on Sept.20,70(plan)to hike back to Xian in five months.2022年全国乙卷May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day,which was namedofficially_ 61_the United Nations on November 27th,2019.Tocelebrate_62_festival,a number of events took place at the ChineseBusinessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society_63_(address)theopening ceremony.Z/As a main promoter of the International Tea Day,the birthplaceof tea and the 64(large)tea-producing country,China hasa 65(responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthydevelopment of the tea industry.It can help to build a community witha_ 66_(share)future for mankind,“he said.The First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative lnitiativez,issued(发布)at theceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promoteinternational cooperation_ 67_cultural exchanges.A four-year teapromotion Tea Road Cooperative Plan-was also issued in accordance with theinitiative._68_(strengthen)the connection with young people,the event included anumber of public promotional activities on social media,_ 69_(invite)twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours ofuninterrupted live broadcasts.The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled(揭幕)at the ceremonopening 70(it)first exhibition:The Avenue of Truth A SpecialExhibition of Puer Tea.2022年 1 月浙江卷Kim Cobb,a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta,is one of asmall but growing minority of academics_ 36_are cutting back on their airtravel because of climate change.Travelling to conferences,lectures,workshops,and the like frequently by plane 37(view)as important for scientists toget together and exchange information.But Cobb and others_38_(be)nowquestioning that idea pushing conferences to provide more chances to participateremotely,and_ 39_(change)their personal behavior to do their part indealing with the climate change crisis.On a website called No Fly Climate Sei,fore x a m p le,40_(rough)200 academics-many of them climatescientists 41(promise)to fly as little as possible since the effort startedtwo years ago.Cobb,for her party,started to ask conference organizers who invited her tospeak_42_she could do so remotely;about three-quarters of_ 43_time,they agreed.When the answer,was no,she,declined the 44(invite).Thatapproach brought Cobbs air travel last year down by 75%,and sheplans 45(continue)the practice.It has been fairly rewarding.,shesays,a really positive change.2021年新高考I 卷Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles song The Long andWinding Road.56 is so breathtaking about the experience is theout-of-this-world scenes.The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the topwill remind you how tiny we 57(human)are.The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb.It will 58(undoubted)help you get refreshed!The amazing thing about thespring is that the colder the temperature gets,the 59(hot)the spring!Strange,isnt it?But thats how nature is-always leaving us 60(astonish).What comes next is the endless series of steps.You can/t help wondering how hard it61(be)for the people then to put all those rocks into place.Though it isthe only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain,still it highlights the wholeadventure 62 offers a place where you can sit down to rest your63(ache)legs.As the song goes,this long and winding road“will never disappear”,and it willalways stick in the visitors memory.It sure does in 64(I).While youre inChina,Mount Huangshan is 65 must to visit!2021年新高考II卷Ive always loved the ocean.In the 36(seven)grade,I started volunteeringat the Monterey Bay Aquarium in California.I was upset to learn that many seaanimals eat plastic g a r b a g e,37(think)it is food.I decided to do something 38(educate)people about this problem.I heldpresentations at schools to teach kids about plastic waste.I wanted to reachbusinesses too.I decided that if I learned of a company 39 used a lot ofplastic,Id send it an email urging it to cut back.One day,I saw a commercial for a health-care company.People in the ad were usingplastic straws(吸管).I found the contact information of thecompany 40 emailed its president.I told him how 41(harm)plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using moreeco-friendly options.I was so 42(excite)when he wrote back to me.He saidhe would make sure that the company cut its use of plastic straws in half.I kept going.Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic,Id send an email.One ofthe biggest companies I wrote to 43(be)Alaska Airlines Paris.Acompany 44(represent)wrote back and told me the airline was switchingover 45 plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights.2021年全国甲卷The Xian City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived Chinas longhistory.It_ 41_(build)originally to protect the city_ 42_the Tang dynastyand has now been completely restored 6修复).It is possible _43_(walk)or b汰 ethe entire 14 kilometers.We accessed the wall through the South Gate.The wall is 12 meters high and fromhere you can see streams of people moving inside and outside the City Wall.After_44_(spend)some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall,we decided it was time for some action and what_45_(good)than to ride on apiece of history!We_46_(hire)our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate.My Eke wasold and shaky_47_did the job.It took us about 3 hours to go all_ 48_wayaround the Xian City Wall.Supposedly you can do it in two hours,but we stopped atthe different gates and_49_(watchtower)to fake pictures or just to watch thelocal people going about their 50(day)routines.2021年全国乙卷Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact(影响)travel to undisturbed places.It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become_61_(educate)about the areas-both in terms of geographical conditions andcultural characteristics,and often provides money for conservation and benefits the_ 62_(develop)of the local areas.Ecotourism has_63_(it)origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s.It was not widely accepted as a travel concept_64_the late 1980s.During thattime,increasing environmental awareness made it desirable.Due to _65_ growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventuretravel,various types_66_trips are now being classified as ecotourism.Actually,a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles:Minimize the impact of_67_(visit)the place.Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices.Provide_ 68_(finance)aid and other benefits for local peoples.Make sure that the tourism provides experiences for both the visitors and the hosts.Komodo National Park,officially recognized in 1980,is popular for ecotourismbecause of its unique biodiversity._69_(activity)there range from whalewatching to hiking(远足)and accommodations aim 70(have)a low impacton the natural environment.2021年北京卷AWhy do we dream?Scientists arent completely sure,and they havediverse 11(idea).Dreams might be a side effect of memory making.Whenyou sleep,your brain sorts through everything_ 12 happened during the day,trying to link new experiences to old memories.As it 13(connect)things,your brain turns them into a story,and you get a dream.BSam is an in-real-life streamer(播主),and he live streams himself just going abouthis day.While riding his bike home 14 a cold night,he came across asad-looking elderly woman wandering the streets by herself.The poor womanwasnt able to give him any information about 15 she lived.Sam walkedher to a nearby convenience store so that she could 16 _(safe)wait for thepolice to take her home.cThere 17(be)a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather eventsover the past 20 years,_ 18_(cause)largely by rising globaltemperatures,according to a new report from the United Nations.From 2000 to2019,there were 7,348 major natural disasters around the world,19_(result)in USD 2,970 billion in economic loss.Much of this increase can be due to climatechange.The findings show a critical need_20(invest)in disaster prevention.2021年 1 月浙江卷In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index(体重指数)across 200 countries,the scientists found that people worldwide are getting heavier 28.that most of therise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas.BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool 29,gives an indication ofwhether someone is a healthy weight.It is calculated by dividing a 30.(person)weight in kg by their height in meters squared,and a BMI of between 19 and25 31.(consider)healthy.The study found that between 1985 and 2017,average rural BMI increased 32.2.1in women and men.In cities,however,the gain 33.(be)1.3 in women and 1.6 inmen.The researchers described/striking changes in the geography of BMI.Tn 1985,urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries 34.(study)hadhigher BMIs than men and women in rural areas.But 30 years later,the BMIdifference between urban and rural people in many countries hadnarrowed 35.(sharp).This may be due to some disadvantages for people 36.(live)in the countryside,including 37.(low)levels of income and education,higher costs of healthy foods,and fewer sports facilities.2021年 6 月浙江卷It doesnt impress like George Washingtons plantation on the Potomac,but Lincolnshome in downtown Springfield,Illinois,_36_(prove)irresistible to visitors sinceit opened to the public.Beautifully restored(彳 修 复)to its 1860 appearance,the housewas Abraham and Mary Lincolns home for 17 years.In 1844 they bought it
