2019年GMAT愈发寂静12.14起（12.14更新）.docx

GMAT愈发寂静（1.1更新）趴趴GMAT小助手1 .原始SC考了好多主谓一致（可能构筑V很低，所以考到了几个结构错 误题）考点：主谓一致分析：注意N1 + N2+谓语动词的结构，此时要看此谓语动词是N1 发出还是N2发出，N1和N2单复数不一致，就导致谓语动词单 复数不一致，上个库有这种题型.原始SC我觉得考的很正常，考点就还是那些啊，很常规。opening modifier 啊，back to back 修饰啊（noul/modifierl,modifer2 . 止匕时 modifierl 和 modifier2都修饰 nounl 这就是 back to back 修饰，一般都是错的结构哦。），句子缺谓语啊，平行啊这类的题 考点：修饰语分析：引用Ron的原话In the case of an initial subject-1 ess modifier in front of acomma, the modifier should always be followed我搜了两个prep题给大家复习下1. In addition to her work on the Miocene hominid fossil record, Mary Leakey contributed t。archaeology through her discovery of the earliest direct evidence of hominid activity and through her painstaking documentation of East African cave paintings.A. Mary Leakey contributed to archaeology through her discovery of the earliest direct evidence of hominid activity and through her painstaking documentation ofB. Mary Leakey contributed to archaeology by her discovery of the earliest direct evidence of hominid activity and painstakingly documentingC. Mary Leakey was a contributor to archaeology by discovering the earliest direct evidence of hominid activity and with her painstaking documentation ofD. Mary Leakey's contributions to archaeology include her discovery of the earliest direct evidence of hominid activity and painstakingly documentingE. Mary Leakey's contributions to archaeology include her discovering the earliest direct evidence of hominid activity and painstaking documentation of注意连词and , and前后必须逻辑对等，根据此原则科迅速找出答B中and后面是V-ing ,前方没有V-ING或者V-ED结构对等， 排除C中and后面是with + N.,前方是by+doing ,不对等排除D中and后面是V-ing ,前方没有V-ING或者V-ED结构对等, 排除E中and后面是 N.,前方是evidence , evidence和 documentation逻辑含义不对等，排除2. Before scientists learned how to make a synthetic growth hormone, removing it painstakingly in small amounts from the pituitary glands of human cadevers.A) scientists learned how to make a synthetic growth hormone, removing it painstakinglyB) scientists had learned about making a synthetic growth hormone, they had to remove it painstakingly.C) scientists learned how to synthesize the growth hormone, it had to be painstakingly removedD) learning how to make a sythetic growth hormone, scientists had to remove it painstakinglyE) learning how to synthesize the growth hormone, it had to be painstakingly removed by scientists本题的错误在于it的指代,it不应该指代sythetic growthhormone ,而是 growth hormone考点：修饰语 分析：将形容词变为副词，常常会产生修饰歧义或者语义逻辑错误， 此时注意副词的位置，因为副词可以修饰除了名词以外的所有成分, 容易产生歧义，现在贴上一道例题举例 ：Rising inventories, when unaccompanied correspondingly by increases in sales, can lead to production cutbacks that would hamper economic growth.A)When unaccompanied correspondingly by increases in sales, can leadB)When not accompanied by corresponding increases in sales, possibly leadsQWhen they were unaccompanied by corresponding sales increases, can leadD)If not accompanied by correspondingly increased sales, possibly leadsE) If not accompanied by correspondingincreases in sales, can leadCorrespondingcorrespondingly，此时作为副词，可以向前修 饰V.也可以向后修饰by increase介短10.原始VI- BY amberyc :考了 credit sb.的用法，选项有 credit sb to /that/withV2一BY臭老蚊：我就记得有一个搭配，credit sb with havingdone考点:考点:定搭配分析：建议不要记固定搭配，找别的split点，从曼哈顿上找到的 credit 的 idomRIGHT: Hugo CREDITS Sally WITH good taste.Sally IS CREDITED WITH good taste.WRONG: Sally IS CREDITED FOR good taste (or FOR HAVING good taste).Sally IS CREDITED AS a person with good taste (or AS HAVING good taste).Sally IS CREDITED TO BE a person with good taste.11.原始句子主干sb expect （还是什么鬼的类似的动词）A to gain more from X （类似一个 market 的东西）thanlose* （lose 划线）选项有 lose ; to lose ; that lose 啥的我选了 to lose考点：比较分析：注意划线前方出现more.than结构，考察比较对象的可比 性优先看能确定的比较对象，再找出对应对象的选项，More.than B 一看than的前方是否出现B对应的结构。按照构筑的回忆，前方 有to do ,所以后方出现to do应该也是to do此外，注意到动词之间的逻辑关系，很明显gain和lose是一对反 义词，所以一定有平行形式在，构筑思路正确.原始注意平行。考了好几个常见的平行句式，e.g. both.and.考点：平行分析：闭合平行词要保证绝对的平行，以下贴出假平行的形式A. Noun forms and "ing" noun forms (gerund), -action n.B. Active and passive voice entitiesEg. The new lamp that is decorated with pink flowers and that resembles a star brought a large smile on the child7 sface.C. Verb-ed and Verb-ing modifiersEg. The new lamp decorated with pink flowers and resembling a star brought a large smile on the child' s face, v-ed修饰语和that修饰语结构不平行！-从句开头一致Eg. The new lamp decorated with pink flowers andthat resembles a star brought a large smile on the child' s face.12 .原始考了 such/so的用法，具体词组忘了考点:such/so.that分析:so+adj.+that; such + n. +that; so+ adj. as to be 考点彳艮 简单，贴出prep例题举例：In late 1997, the chambers inside the pyramid of the Pharaoh Menkaure at Giza were closed to visitors for cleaning and repair due to moisture exhaled by tourists, which raised its humidity to such levels so that salt from the stone was crystallizing and fungus was growing on the walls. A. due to moisture exhaled by tourists, which raised its humidity to such levels sothat salt from the stone was crystallizingB. due to moisture that tourists had exhaled, thereby raising its humidity to such levels that salt from the stone would crystallizeC. because tourists were exhaling moisture, which had raised the humidity within them to levels such that salt from the stone would crystallizeD. because of moisture that was exhaled by tourists raising the humidity within them to levels so high as to make the salt from the stone crystallizeE. because moisture exhaled by tourists had raised the humidity within them to such levels that salt from the stone was crystallizing ( correct).原始popular和popularized的区别,记得有一个词组是popular presentation 和 popularized presentation ,我选了后者考点：未知分析：popularadj.普及的;受人欢迎的;常常用于主动 Popularizedpopularize的过去式和过去分词，常常用于被动 就字典里两者的解释以及例句来看，并没有很大的区别，希望能找 到其他的split点，欢迎大家补充.原始语法只记得考了几个open modifier, with开头和by doing开头, 但是我当时觉得,by doing并没有在逻辑上顺主语，所以选了 with 考点：修饰语分析：构筑思路正确，注意by doing动作发出者应该是主语。此 夕卜,贝占出with作为open mod而er正确的例子举例:Because of wireless service costs plummeting in the last year, and as mobile phones are increasingly common, many people now using their mobile phones to make calls across a wide region at night and on weekends, when numerous wireless companies provide unlimited airtime （通话时间）for a relatively small monthly fee.A. Because of wireless service costs plummeting in the last year, and as mobile phones are increasingly common, many peopleB. As the cost of wireless service plummeted in the last year and as mobile phones became increasingly common, many peopleC. In the last year, with the cost of wireless service plummeting, and mobile phones have become increasingly common, there are many peopleD. With the cost of wireless service plummeting in the last year and mobile phones becoming increasingly common, many people areE. While the cost of wireless service has plummeted in the last year and mobile phones are increasingly common, many people are1. while中使用and ,应该使用更平行的时态,has done和are 没有D中的时态平行2. while在句首一般表示对比，根据语义没有对比的意思"while most of the class spent the weekend studying for class, i spent the weekend at the beach".原始我突然想起15号考的一个语法点，就是分词的特殊用法，在曼哈顿上有提到0G也有题，就是分号可以用做隔开有逗号的名词间的 并列。就是不一定分号后一定是句子的那个用法考点:Semicolon分析：构筑思路正确，我找出曼哈顿上的例子如下A rare but correct use of the semicolon is to separate items that themselves contain commas:Wrong: I listen to Earth, Wind & Fire, Wow, Owls, and Blood,Sweat &Tears.Right: I listen to Earth, Wind & Fire; Wow, Owls; and Blood,Sweat &Tears.16 .原始很多用语法点都能排除，觉得没有太依靠语义。考点有主谓一致、base on、修饰词、平行等。平行结构注意中间某个词组的修饰成分不和原句平行记得有个题就是某个构筑说过，popular presentation和popularized presentation考点：未知分析：1.修饰语的话建议大家看看我的SC总结2. based on就等价于caused by ,替换看句子是否读得懂即可3. 平行的话在12题中贴出了假平行的三种结构4. popular presentation 和 popularized presentation 合并在14题18.原始语法我就记得一题考到request that后面加虚拟语气？考点：虚拟语气IMMEDIATELY by the noun / noun phrase that's being modifiedModifier , S才是正确的，在这中间任何的插入，错！举例：Introduced by Italian merchants resident in London during the sixteenth century, in England life insurance remained until the end of the seventeenth century a specialized contract between individual underwriters and their clients, typically being ship owners, overseas merchants, or professional moneylenders.A. in Englandlife insurance remained until the end of the seventeenth century a specialized contract between individual underwriters and their clients, typically beingB. in Englandlife insurance had remained until the end of the seventeenth century a specialized contract between individual underwriters with their clients, who typically were C. until the end of the seventeenth centurylife insurance in England had remained a specialized contract between individual underwriters and their clients, typicallyD. life insurance in England remained until the end of the seventeenth century a specialized contract between individual underwriters and their clients, typically分析：构筑思路正确，下面贴出虚拟语气的相关知识点一来自于E-GMAT结构：引发词+that S V （总是复数/be ） -no should 一注意这 个引发词可以是当成名词弓I发词:必须 that 结构的:command insist request recommend suggest propose stipulate dictate mandate必须 V+TO DO 的:allow advise want persuade forbid两者皆可的:ask beg desire require intend order prefer urge19.原始很多平行和整段划线的modifier位置，考到了 have time to do（不要选with ）和寂静里的popularlized考点：介词的使分析：1.平行请看12题的表示平行，形式不一致的三个例外2 . modifier请看SC总结.关于to do和for doing ,前者表目的，动作还未发生，后者表 动作已发生，with表示两者绑在一起，希望大家找到更多的split 而不是构筑说的to do和with的区别3 .合并至14题.原始sc感觉很多用平行可以做得很好。记得有个考 modifier 的，有 dubbed as "XX"和 dubbed "XX"的 split考点：as的使用分析：猜测是as逻辑对等的意思，如果为划线句子中出现not，则 不能加上as贴上dubbed的例句：His term in office was often dubbed the New Frontier since it was an era of change.However, the service has been pejoratively dubbed as the "poor man's cellular" , due to its limited range and roaming abilities.20 .原始有一个the XXX of XXX 修饰划线处是要有一个谓语动词的有两个选项不是完整的句子（没有谓语动词）排除，XXX是单数剩下两个选项lz选了一个is of XXX看上去很奇怪的结构考点：主谓存在；主谓一致分析：构筑思路正确。首先根据一个句子必须有主谓，所以划线部 分必须有谓语排除2个选项；其次根据主谓单复数一致，注意XXX是单数，所以谓语 动词单数排除1个；剩下的两个找split,希望得到更多的回忆.原始讲真这次很常规；考的比较多的就是主谓一致和平行了，我没有碰 到比较结构；然后就是request这个之前提到过的复习下结构吧; 没有其他的了考点：未知分析:这次库很正常，整理菌是上个库有点不太常规，大家放心做，这次的SC看大部分都说做的很舒服，而且重点关注平行哟！21 .原始考到了主谓一致，动名词做主语用单数；有点失忆，好像有一道that 主语从句。考点：主谓一致分析：构筑思路正确，that从句做主语仍然使用单数形式24.原始有一道it形式宾语，三个选项有it,其中一个用and连接宾语，一 个用逗号分割了宾语，都不对；两个选项把宾语提前了，但都可以 通过别的点排除考点：代词；平行分析：it做形式宾语的方式在曼哈顿上介绍了两种1 .不定式：It is futile to resist temptation.2 . that 从句:It gave us encouragement that we scored at all.注意有and的选项，先看前后逻辑是否对等，形式是否平行.原始原本以为语法在反复看过07和08笔记以后应该是最得心应手的, 实际做题时却是最没有把握的部分。至此终于明白前人说的语法最 终要看语义了，做题的时候感觉没用上主谓一致，代词一致这些要 点，更多的都是在分析这句话到底在讲什么，以及词语上细微的差 别会对这句造成什么影响。考点：未知分析建议大家不要看07/08笔记，大多数都是错的，做做题就好， 可以去论坛搜索有人总结下来的RON对prep题目的解释，或者 bing搜索gmatclub的解释语义不是让你完全翻译这句话，那除非英语基础特别好，否则时间 不够，只是注重内在逻辑看，一定要对比选项看考点.原始SC总体我感觉还挺常规的，考了平行、句子完整性、as连词、 opening modifier 分号作用、both how. and how.考点：未知分析：1.平行请看12题2. 句子完整性就是一个句子必须存在一个主谓，两个句子必须要 有连词连接3. as连词请看8题4. opening modifier 请看 6 题5. 分号作用请看16题6. both.and属于闭合marker,构筑思路正确.原始这题是这个结构：xx做了个啥事as主语，插入语，动词xxx 看懂意思还是很快就能选出来的其他的选项要么as后面这个句子没有主语，要么没有动词，要么两个句子没有连词连接考点：as的用法分析：注意到，如果as后面直接接的N.此时as是作为的意思，此N.与as前面的名词逻辑对等。猜测此时的as作为连词，连接两个句子，意思可为since或whenAs的详细用法请看8题.原始Such的考到了大概三个题我都不确定建议大家好好看看such用法 比如什么That such开头的句子我就懵了考点：as的用法分析:1. Such + n.+that请看13题2. such的指代such + n.指代像前面那种的n.-只能指代一个曼哈顿例句：After the LAND-USE AGREEMENT surfaced, the commission decided to subject any such CONTRACTS to debate in the future.例句：The loan company announced it would soon lend money to borrowers with proven records of their not paying back their loans os time, collectively known as the subprimelending market.A. of their not paying back their loans on time,B. of not paying back their loans on time, a group ( correct)C. of not paying back their loans on time, with such a groupD. that they do not pay back their loans on time,E. that they do not pay back their loans on time, such a group such是只能指代一个名词，但是由collectively得知group指的 是两个，加上such只能要么是borrowers要么是records.原始有个题怎么是ved , ving , ving并列然后顺序不一样语意不一样:考点：平行分析：注意若是三者平行A, B, and C ,此外v-ing和v-ed可以平 行，本题有可能是两者平行，第三个v-ing在句尾表结果或伴随, 此时形式应该是V-ed and V-ing , V-ing.此时需要借助语义的判断，每个动作的发出者是谁要弄清楚.原始考了超级多平行because of its xx, its xx, and its xx主干是这样 的，划线中间有修饰成分考点：平行分析:A , B , and C正确；A and B正确，注意名词与名词之间的 对应关系，动词与动词之间的关系，特别大小平行要捋清楚.原始考了一个什么遗迹（开始划线）挖掘可以被保存直到（之后未划线） 有几个动词好像.实在记不得了考点：未知分析：期待更多的回忆，太残了，翻出几个单词大家混个眼熟遗迹:relic; vestige; ruin挖掘：dig; excavate; tap; unearth保存:preserve; save补充：With respect to the relics procured fromexcavation, academic institutions directly under thecentral or local governments shall, subject to th eapproval of the Central Relics Custodian Commission,assume responsibility for the preservation, for adesignated period, of the relics for academic researchpurposes.有个题目我选了个Had开头的不知道是不是倒装.五个选项可以排除三个二选一一个正常语序但是语意不是很通顺（个人感觉）一个是Had在句首Had S done ,逗号后面有个转折词貌似考点：倒装分析：虚拟语气在条件句中运用时省去if的情况如:If he had come we would have finished the work 这句可省去if，把had调到句首：Had he come, we would have finished the work可根据语义判断，需要得到更多的补充.原始还有一个是考动作发出者的选项两个是人开头两个是Ving开头还有一个不记得了 .考点：修饰语分析：注意动作发出者根据语义判断是人发出还是物发出，请看6题 opening modifier 的总结.原始说the organization BOTH created机会（不记得是不是了反正个名词）for networking and （戈I线开始）connectivity, while producing blabla，构筑觉得A是错的，因为both在动词create 前面，按照平行来说，and之后应该是过去时态的动词？如果思路 正确拿答案只有一个并且那个答案connectivity前有for。但是！如果both表creativity和connectivity的平行 不是应该在create 之后吗？如果是表这两个词的平行，那好像a就是对的 构筑怀疑自己做错了考点：平行分析 注意both可以单独作为同位语e.g. we both eat meat and vegetables.此时就不是both A and B的平行当看到and的时候，先看选项中and后面的词语在and之前有没 有对应结构，再判断是否为both A and B的结构，若是此结构, 则保持严格的逻辑平行和形式平行注意没有时态一定要平行这种说法，对比选项看，如果只剩下时态 不一致其他都一致的两个选项，我们选择更平行的那个！建议结合句意,也就是connectivity是和networking平行还是 created后面的名词平行，希望大家考场上看清楚，注意抽象名词 对应抽象名词，具体名词对应具体名词E. life insurance remained until the end of the seventeenth century in England a specialized contract betweenindividual underwriters with their clients, who typically were.原始the list of artists include A, modifier, and B, that（戈J线从开头划 至I这）was respected by C（忘记怎么说的了，总之是个modifier, 语义是被另外一个人尊敬崇拜）选项类似于：A includes, A 艺术家，modifier, and B 艺术家 zthat modifier D include A 艺术家，modifier, and B 艺术家，whom modifierE inludes A 艺术家，modifier, and B 艺术家，whom modifier that不能指代人,我给排除了 ,最后二选一，DE选项除了 include 区别以外都一模一样考的是the list of artists谓语include用单数还是复数考点：主谓一致；指代分析：构筑思路正确，that只能指代物而不是人，include的单复 数要与主语一致，考试的时候注意主语.原始 语法感觉都不是很难，简单的平行能做出好几道。另外考到了 REGARD TO BE 和 regard as考点：习语分析：注意reg a rd. to be是错误搭配,regard as才是正确搭配 举例:Some anthropologists regard the early hominids' manner of walking as being less efficient than in modern human beings.(A) as being less efficient than in( than 前面没有 in 这种结构)(B) as less efficient than it is in (it 指代包括修饰语)(C) as less efficient than that of (correct)(D) to be less efficient than that of(E) to have been less efficient than it is in注意:modern human beings和hominids相对应，所以是两种 不同人的manner进行比较因此选C.原始SC有一道题是靠capable of / to do,大家记得选OF考点：习语分析：构筑思路正确，下面给出一道p