2023届安徽省合肥市第八中学高三最后一卷英语试题（含解析）.docx

2023届安徽省合肥市第八中学高三最后一卷英语试题学校:姓名：班级：考号：一、阅读理解The Bridport Prize Short Story Writing CompetitionRules of entryThe Prize is open to writers of any nationality writing in English aged 16. Entries must be entirely your own work. Entries must not have been published, self-published or accepted fbr publication in print or online, broadcast, or have won or been placed in another competition at any time.All entries are judged anonymously (匿名地).Please do not include your name, address, etc on the document or in the file name. Wc disqualify entries if they arc named or over the word limit. If you forget to add details, the title or word count, your entry won't be disqualified.DeadlineThe deadline date fbr entries is 12 midnight (UK time) on 31 st May 2022. Postal entries postmarked 31st May but received later will be accepted.LengthShort story: 5, 000 words maximum. No miniinum.FormatDouble line spaced.Use any typeface, 12pt, black.Do not add a cover or title page.Add the word count to the top right of the first page.Number the pages in the centre at the bottom of the page.Save the file as a Microsoft Word document.doc or. docx. Wc also accept file types, rtf, pdf, txt.The maximum allowed file size is 2MB.The file name should be the title of the story only.Fees£ 14 per short story. There is no limit to the number of submissions.Results & Awards to care for the plant myself. When it didn't immediately tum yellow or brown or lose all its leaves, I was pleasantly surprised.Tending to the plant gave me a sense of accomplishment at a time when I sometimes felt useless. Glioblastoma limited my ability to walk, and the treatment left me tired, making it hard fbr me to accomplish everyday tasks. As a family physician, I was used to being the one who provided care, not the one who received it.Since my diagnosis in August 2018, far too often, it seemed. I had to rely on help from other people. The enormous change left me feeling adrift（漂浮的）and unsettled. Watering the plant, as small an act as it was, connected me to a core part of my old identity and taught me I could still be a caregiver. Plants and people could still depend on me.Over the next few months, 1 recovered from surgery and completed radiation and the first round of chemotherapy. Even after I returned to work, I continued to care fbr the plant. Soon, it had nearly doubled in height and its leaves were shiny and lush. Both the tree and I were thriving.注意：1 .续写词数应为150左右；2 .请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Then, mysteriously, its leaves began to brown and drop.As my anxiety lessened, / began to search for tips online to care for my sick plant.试卷第10页，共11页参考答案:1. C 2, B 3. A【导语】这是一篇应用文。介绍了布里德被特奖短篇小说大赛的参赛细则。1 .细节理解题。根据"Rules of entry”的最后一句"We disqualify entries if they are named or over the word limit.（如果参赛作品被点名或超过字数限制，我们将取消参赛资格。）”可知，参赛 作品里出现个人姓名会被取消参赛资格。故选C项。2 .细节理解题.从“Formal”的倒数第二点"The maximum allowed file size is 2MB.（允许的最 大文件大小为2MB。户可知，比赛要求参赛作品最大不超过2MB。故选B项。3 .细节理解题。从“Fees”的第一句“£ 14 per short story.（每件参赛作品收取14英镑的报名费）” 可知，每件参赛作品收取14英镑的报名费。故选A项。4 . D 5. C 6. B 7. A【导语】本文为议论文。文章论证的主题是成年人有义务帮助孩子成为优秀思考者。5 .细节理解题。根据第二段“Mainly, you want to encourage students to voice their opinion about things. Get them to take a position on 'this thing, or that thing, vand ask them to sup-port their position with evidence."（主要是，你想鼓励学生表达他们对事物的看法。让他们对“这件事 或那件事”采取立场，并要求他们用证据支持自己的立场。）可知，训练学生有理有据地论证 自己的观点是培养优秀思考者的主要方式。故选D项。6 .推理判断题。根据第二段“Curiously enough, the simple process of engaging students in real life conversations and debates will serve to strengthen what they have learned in the class-room, and help them create their own knowledge about a subject or a topic. （奇怪的是，让学生参与现 实生活中的对话和辩论的简单过程将有助于加强他们在课堂上学到的东西，并帮助他们创造 自己对某个主题或主题的知识。）和第三段“Knowledge, on the other hand, goes beyond recall and includes infbnnation processing, application to other situations, consideration of meaning, and contrasting with other concepts."（另一方面,知识超越了回忆,包括信息处理、对其他情况 的应用、对意义的考虑以及与其他概念的对比。）可知，认知教练提出的话题问题不是记忆 性的，而是要带有信息加工等批判性思维内容，C项“为什么你喜欢踢足球？“，就是一个需 要进行信息加工后回答的问题。故选C项。7 .推理判断题。根据第三段“Naturally, the topic of conversation you engage in with one of your答案第1页，共10页 learners will differ from student to student, and in the level of complexity based on child's age and developmental level"（当然，你与其中一位学习者的谈话主题会因学生而异，而且根据孩子 的年龄和发展水平，谈话的复杂性也会有所不同。）可知，话题的主题要因人而异，要考虑 到孩子的年龄和认知发展程度。故选B项。8 .推理判断题。根据第四段“I think all adults in a community have a responsibility to help children with this process, with the goal of producing independent thinkers.'' （我认为， 一个团彳本 中的所有成年人都有责任帮助儿童.完成这一过程，目的是培养独立的思想家。）可知，全文 的主旨是作者要论述自己的教育观点。故选A项。9 . D 9. C 1（）. D 11. D【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了渡鸦不仅能有计划因地制宜地使用工具，而且也承 受心理问题之苦。10 细节理解题。文章第二段介绍了实验的第一个任务，该段提到“The first task was getting a nut out of a puzzle box, requiring two tools: first a short, sharp tool used to cut the membrane, then a long stick to get the nut out of a hole."（第一个任务是从一个谜盒里取出一个坚果，需要 两种工具：第一种是用来切开薄膜的短而锋利的工具，然后是一根长棍子，把坚果从洞里取 出来。10只渡鸦中有5只能够到坚果。）可知，该任务是需要把拼图盒的薄膜割破然后把坚 果从拼图盒里取出来。故选D。11 细节理解题。第三段提到“Researchers also noticed that each raven had a different way of carrying and using the tools.”（研究人员还注意到，每只渡鸦都有不同的携带和使用工具的方 式。）可知，每只渡鸦使用工具的方式都不一样。故选C。12 .细节理解题。第五段提到“Common signs of stress and anxiety include biting and feather picking. . but sometimes ravens bite others due to stress and fear. Feather picking can be a more serious sign that the raven is unhappy. In extreme conditions, a raven may pluck out all of its feathers."（根据PetMD网站的说法，压力和焦虑的常见迹象包括咬人和抓羽毛。咬人通常 被认为是一种攻击，但有时渡鸦咬人是由于压力和恐惧。拔渡鸦可能是乌鸦不开心的一个更 严重的迹象。在极端的情况下，渡鸦可能会拔掉自己所有的羽毛。）由此判断，渡鸦在感到 焦虑的时候就会拔下自己的羽毛。故选D。13 .主旨大意题。文章第一段提到"The ability to use tools is rare in the animal world. Recently, ravens（渡鸭）have been proven c 叩 able of more than just using tools."（使用工具的能力在动物世 答案第2页，共10页界中是罕见的。最近，乌鸦被证明不止会使用工具。）第二、三、四段提到了通过实验，乌 鸦可以使用工具来获得盒子里的坚果，证明了渡鸦智商高，第五段讲述高智商的渡鸦可能会 得心理疾病以及常见症状，D项“Ravens'high intelligence is a mixed blessing”（渡鸦的高智商 是件喜忧参半的事）该项能全面概括文章中讲的内容。故选D。12. D 13. B 14. C 15. B【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家发现了一种对恢复静纤毛功能的蛋白质。13. 主旨大意题。根据第-段中“Tiny sensory hair cells called stereocilia（静纤毛）located in your inner ear are responsible fbr detecting sound. When these become damaged, either by genetic disorders, loud sounds or old age, it can lead to hearing difficulties and even deafhess.”（位于 内 耳 的被称为静纤毛的微小感觉毛细胞负责探测声音。当这些受损时，无论是由于遗传疾病，过 大的声音还是年纪变老，都可能导致听力困难甚至耳聋。）可知，第一段介绍了静纤毛的概 念和作用为提出发现做铺垫，根据第二段第一句“Now, in a series of experiments on mice, researchers based at the Salk Institute fbr Biological Studies and the University of Sheflleki have identified a protein that can be delivered to these hair cells in order to stimulate their growth."（现 在，在对老鼠进行的一系列实验中，索尔克生物研究所和谢菲尔德大学的研究人员已经确定 了一种蛋白质，可以传递给这些毛细胞，以刺激它们的生长。）可知，第二段介绍了一个新 的发现。由此判断，第一、二段介绍了一种能改善听力的蛋白质的研究。故选D。14. 词义猜测题。第四段提到“In their previous studies, Manor and Prof Walter Marotti found that the protein EPS8 was involved in determining the length of stereocilia.”（在之前的研究中,马诺 和沃尔特马罗蒂教授发现EPSS蛋白参与决定直立纤毛的长度。）及.they remain very short”（它们仍然很短）由此判断，EPS8决定静纤毛的长度，没有它的话，静纤毛的发育长 度也很短，说明EPS8会抑制静纤毛的生长。B项prevent“阻止”符合文意。故选B。15. 细节理解题。根据第四段“They used a common gene therapy（基因治疗）technique to de-liver the protein to the hair cells on the back of a virus. They then investigated the effects using imaging techniques”（他们使用了一种常见的基因治疗技术，将蛋白质传递到病毒背后的毛细胞中。 然后，他们用成像技术研究了这些影响。）由此判断，该项基因治疗是可以可以将EPS8传 递到静纤毛毛发细胞中的。故选C。16. 推理判断题。第五段提到“The researchers now plan to investigate the action of EPS8 further, with the hope of extending the age range over which it is effeclive.”（研究人员现在计划进,步 答案第3页，共10页研究EPSS的作用，希望能扩大其有效的年龄范围。）由此判断，研究人员希望能够扩大EPSS 的的年龄使用范围，使其对衰老的细胞也有效果。故选B。17. F 17. D 18. B 19. G 20. E【导语】本文为说明文。本文就如何与陌生人谈话提出一些建议。16.上文“Thankfully, it doesn't have to be an experience as scary as you might think.（值得庆幸 的是，这并不一定像你想象的那样可怕）”可知，与陌生人见面没有你想象的可怕，和F项“以 下几个简单的技巧将帮助你更轻松地与陌生人交谈”构成因果关系，指出了和陌生人交谈不 可怕的原因是可以利用技巧，同时F项也起到了引起本文话题的作用。故选F项。18. 下文“If you go with someone you're familiar with, you're more likely to stay and talk to the person you already know rather than try to talk with strangers.（如果你和你熟悉的人一起去，你 更有可能留下来和你一经认识的人交谈，而不是试图和陌生人交谈）“可知，如果你和熟悉的 人一起去，就不太可能和陌生人交谈，推断出想要和陌生人交谈就尽量独自去参加活动，D 项“独自一人去，你不得不去见其他人”和下文构成内容上的承接，符合句意。故选D项。19. 上文“Go out alone.（ 一个人；Il去）”及下文"Don't be embarrassed if youTe visibly nervous.（如 果你明显感到紧张，不要感到尴尬）“可知，空格处应为本段的中心句，且为祈使句结构，B 项“鼓励人们谈论自己“既是祈使句又和后文“Most people's favorite topics are about themselves.（大多数人最喜欢的话题都是关广他们自己的户构成因果关系，鼓励人们多谈论自 己的原因是大多数人喜欢的话题是他们自己。故选B项。20. 下文"They11 be excited to share their hobbies, and you might find that you have something in common!（他们会很兴奋地分享他们的爱好，你可能会发现你们有一些共同点）”和G项“如果 你让某人谈论他们的兴趣，最终你会看到他们的真实性格”构成内容上的并列关系，都是提 到了让陌生人分享兴趣或爱好的好处就是你能看到他们的真实性格或发现你们的共同点。故 选G项。21. 上文“Everyone gets nenous sometimes, so push past and continue on with theconversation.（每个人有时都会感到紧张,所以避开它并继续对话）”和E项“不要让它让你难堪 到不得不离开”构成内容上的承接，为人们在谈话中感到紧张、尴尬提供了建议，即忽略或 化解这些尴尬，不要因为尴尬而离开。故选E项。22. D 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. D答案第4页，共10页3(). A 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. B【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了加利福尼亚州一所小学的学生在艺术老师的帮助卜创建的 一条电话热线，给人们带来了开心和鼓励。21 .考查形容词词义辨析。句意：加利福尼亚州一所小学的学生在艺术老师的帮助下创建了 一条电话热线，人们可以在困难时期拨打该热线，从孩子们那里获得愉快的建议。A.reasonable 合理的；B. rare 罕见的；C. mysterious 神秘的；D. chccrfbl 高兴的。下文“during difficult times （在困难时期）”指出是在困难时期寻求建议，应该是要寻求积极向上，令人开心 的建议。故选D项。22 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：杰西卡马丁在加利福尼亚州希尔兹堡的西区学校教授艺术， 她认为她的学生可能会掌握在这些困难时期给人们带来平静所需的神奇词汇。A. thought认 为；B. complained 抱怨；C. declared 宣称；D. insisted 坚持。上文“Students at an elementary school in California, with the help of their art teacher, created a telephone hotline （加利福尼亚州 一所小学的学生在艺术老师的帮助下创建了一条电话热线）”指出，学生们创建电话热线电话 是在老师的帮助之下，因此可推测老师肯定认为这一通热线是有意义的。故选A项。23 .考杳名词词义辨析。句意：杰西卡马丁在加利福尼亚州希尔兹堡的西区学校教授艺术， 她认为她的学生可能会掌握在这些困难时期给人们带来平静所需的神奇词汇。A. wealth财 富；B. attention 注意力;C. calm 平静;D. luck 运气。下文“To hear the pure. from kids is extremely comforting,（从孩子们那里听到纯粹的是非常令人欣慰的，）”指出拨打热线会让 人感到舒服，即它给予人们的是心情上好的转变，变得平静属于此类。故选C项。24 .考查名词词义辨析。句意：“从孩子们那里听到纯粹的快乐是非常令人欣慰的，“她说。 A. comment 评论;B. joy 愉悦，快乐：C. praise 表扬；D. mind 思想。下文“It offers the happy voices（它提供了快乐的声音）”指出该热线提供快乐的声音，故能带给人愉悦。故选B 项。25 .考查动词词义辨析.句意：但当马丁 6岁的儿子为热线画一个广告时，并拼写为中印Toe" 时，他们决定更喜欢这个。A. pronounced宣布：B. typed打字；C. spelled拼写；D. drew画。 上文“Actually, they called it “Pep Talk”（鼓励话语）first.（事实上，他们首先称之为“鼓励话 语广指;H,最初该热线是另一个名字，和老师的儿子提供了存在字母上的差异，可推测 这是老师6岁的儿子把单词拼写错了。故选C项。26 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当马丁 6岁的儿子为热线画一个广告时，并拼写为“PepToc” 答案第5页，共10页时，他们决定更喜欢这个。A. decided决定；B. learned学习；C. changed改变；D. assumed 认为。上文“The project was called “PepToc”.（该项目被称为“PepToc"）”指出，该热线的名字为 “PepToc"，是由最初的名字改过来的，故表明在得到“PepToc”这个，名字之后，他们决定选 择后者而不是最初的名字。故选A项。27 .考杳形容词词义辨析。句意：热线电话有英文和西班牙文两种版本。A. spoken 口头的； B. memorable 值得纪念的;C. popular 流行的;D. available 可用的。下文“in English and Spanish （用英文和西班牙文打电话）”指出，该热线可以通过两种语言拨打:故通过这两种语言都能 用该热线。故选D项。28 .考杳名词词义辨析。句意：它提供不同年龄段的儿童快乐的声音，分享积极的信息。A. callers 呼叫者;B. children 孩子；C. artists 艺术家;D. operators 操作员。上文“Students at an elementary school in California, with the help of their art teacher, created a telephone hotline that people can call to get cheerful advice from kids during difficult times.（加利福尼亚州一所小 学的学生在艺术老师的帮助下创建了一条电话热线，人们可以在困难时期拨打该热线，从孩 子们那里获得愉快的建议。户指出，该热线是小学生创建的，因此听到的声音肯定是孩子们 的。故选B项。29 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，按3,你可以听到一群幼儿园的孩子一起说：“你能 彳亍!继续努力!不要放弃! ”A. witness目击;B. suggest建议;C. catch抓住;D. hear听见。 上文“"To hear the pure joy from kids is extremely comforting,'' she says.（"从孩子们那里听到纯 粹的快乐是非常令人欣慰的，”她说。户指出，拨打热线能够听到孩子们的快乐。故选D项。 30.考查动词词义辨析。句意：按4,会产生孩子们咯咯笑的声音这种声音肯定会让任 何人都会心一笑。A. generates产生;B. records记录：C. analyzes分析：D. breaks打破。上 文“Il offers the happy voices of children of different ages sharing positive messages.（它提供不同 年龄段的儿童快乐的声音，分享枳极的信息。）”指出，只要拨打热线，就能听到不同的儿童 快乐的声音，故此处肯定指的是按下3热线那头就传来笑声，即有笑声产生。故选A项。31 .考查名词词义辨析。句意:按4,会产生孩子们咯咯笑的声音这种声音肯定会让任 何人都会心一笑。A. mark记号;B. wrinkle皱纹:C. smile微笑;D. tear眼泪。上文'"，To hear the pure joy from kids is extremely comforting,she says.（"从孩子们那里听到纯粹的快乐是非 常令人欣慰的，“她说。户指出拨打热线让人舒服，故听到孩子们的笑声，任何人的脸上会 出现跟笑声一样的笑容。故选C项。32 .考查动词词组辨析二句意：按1,会给那些“感到精神错乱、沮丧或紧张”的人带来些 答案第6页，共10页想法。A. brings up 调出，带来；B. laughs at 嘲笑；C. gives away 泄露;D. turn to 向求助。 下文“Helpful suggestions include “punch your pillow, or "go get a cookie”.（有用的建议包括 “打枕头''或"去拿饼干）''指出按1能收到一些建议，故这些建议是按1这个动作带来的。 故选A项。33 .考查形容词词义辨析。句意：按1,会给那些“感到精神错乱、沮丧或紧张”的人带来一 些想法。A. distracted思想不集中的;B. content满意的;C. peaceful平和的;D. nenous紧 张的。上文“fueling mad, frustrated, or （感到精神错乱、沮丧或）”指出按1的人是精神错乱或 者沮丧的人，因此空格处的用于表明人的状况的词也和这两个词一样指出精神状态的问题， 故nervous符合语境。故选D项。34 .考查名词词义辨析。句意：按2,会得到“鼓励和生活建议的话语“。A. management管 理；B. encouragement 鼓励；C. judgement 判断；D. argument 争论。下文“Theis a better place with you in it.（有你在，会变得更美好。厂对拨打热线的人给予了表扬，这是一种鼓励。故 选B项。35 .考查名词词义辨析。句意：其中包括诸如“有你在，世界会变得更美好。”之类的信息。 A. hotline 热线；B. world 世界；C. school 学校：D. street 街道。I:文“Students at an elementary school in California, with the help of their art teacher, created a telephone hotline that people can call to get cheerful advice from kids during difficult times.（力口利福尼亚州一所小学的学生在艺 术老师的帮助下创建了一条电话热线，肯定是正对社会上各行各业的人，因此地点范围不应 该局限在学校或者小地方，而是告诉人们整个世界都因为他们变得更好。故选B项。36 . romantic 37. itself 38. widely 39. gathered 40, Combining41. movements 42. which 43. as 44. written 45. an【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了关于昆曲的一些知识，包括它的起源、发展、特点 以及对中国戏曲形式产生的影响等。36 .考查形容词。句意：这些浪漫的特点使昆曲成为中国最受欢迎的艺术形式之一。空后 feature为名词，空处应为形容词做定语，故填romantic。37 .考查反身代词。句意：昆曲诞生于中国东部江苏省苏州市，以其精致的节奏模式而著称， 并在明代（1368-1644）广受欢迎。distinguished的主语和宾语都是昆曲，故宾语用反身代词itselfo答案第7页，共10页Winners will be notified by email in September. A short film which will include the announcement of this year's winners will be broadcast on our YouTube channel at 7pm onThursday 28th October.1. Which of the following will result in disqualification?A. Writing a short story of 500 words.B. Mailing your entry on 31 st May 2022.C. Including your name on the document.D. Forgetting to add the title of your entry.2. What should you do to meet the requirements of the format?A. Make an attractive title page.B. Ensure your file size is 2MB at most.C. Add the word count to the left of the first page. D. Number the pages in the bottom right-hand corner.3. What do we know about the Prize?A. It charges 14 per short story.B.It is intended fbr all age groups.C. Its awards will be emailed in October.D.Its winners will be interviewed onYouTube.As an education specialist, I believe the best way to prepare students fbr colleges and careers is to fbcus on providing instructional programs and opportunities that help them become good thinkers. To do this, teachers and actually everyone else in a community, should play a role as a “cognitive（认知）coach” to students, helping develop good thinkers among our youth.The best way fbr you to become a cognitive coach is to seek out and engage school children and adolescents in meaningful conversations. The objective here is to get kids talking about what they think, how they feel, and what they believe whenever and wherever you may find them. It may be in a classroom. It may be at the grocery store. It may be at a basketball game. It doesn't matter where as long as you engage students in a