吉林省通化市梅河口市第五中学2022-2023学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）.docx

梅河口市第五中学20222023学年度上学期期末考试高一英语试题说明：本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第n卷（非选择题）两部分，满分150分，考试时间120分钟。第I卷（选择题，共95分）注意事项：L答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号填写在答题卡上并将条形码粘贴在粘贴处。2 .回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需 改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在 本试卷上无效。3 .考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题;每小题L5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一 小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What does the woman think of the movie?A. Frightening.B. Interesting.C. Boring.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M: Did you enjoy the movie? Interesting or boring?W: I was too scared. Most of the time, I couldn't even watch it.2 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Where does the man come from?A. America.B. France.C. Australia.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W: How many countries have you been to?M: America, Australia and Britain. Til go back home in France tomorrow.3 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】步机）for just 10 minutes. They then had to take a Stroop Color and Word Test which is used to measure reaction time in brain processing. Results showed there was a highest point in self-reported pleasure and an increase in degree of activity of the brain.In other words, runners were found to have an increase in blood flow in the part of the brain thafs associated with dealing with functions and controlling mood 什青绪）.Researchers then compared these results to a similar study on cycling, which also showed improved cognition （认知），but no mood improvement. Therefore, it seems various types of exercise can make us feel differently.The authors noted, "Given exercise is medicine, the effects of drugs differ depending on the type of drug, and different types of exercise such as running and cycling should be observed to have different effects on mental health and brain functions as well.So pushing ourselves to get outside for a run really will make us feel better, probably more than other fitness activities. And these findings show that we don't necessarily need to do a lot of exercise to feel the benefit of it. 28. What did the new research find?A. Running fast benefits all of us.B. Running is the best exercise.C. A short time run can be beneficial.D. A healthy mind encourages us to run.29. How did the researchers get the result?A. By using different drugs on participants.B. By interviewing some sportsmen.C. By collecting information on the Internet.D. By doing experiments and comparisons.30. Which is related to our happiness?A Cycling.B. Medicine.C. Blood flow.D. Colors.31. What is the main idea of the text?A. We should go for a run in winter.B. Running really benefits us mentally.C. We don't need a lot of exercise.D. Running on a treadmill is better than running outside.【答案】28.C29. D 30. C 31. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究发现即使短时间的跑步也有益于人们的身心健康。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第段的 “But new research has found that even a super-quick run could have great health benefits. In fact, it seems just a 1 O-minute session will not only make us feel better, but also could actually improve brain health, too.（但新的研究发现，即使是超快跑也会对健康有很大的好处。事实上，10分钟的训练似乎 不仅能让我们感觉更好，而且还能改善大脑健康）”可知，短时间的跑步是有益的。故选C。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的 u Researchers from University of Tsukuba in Japan asked participants to run on a treadmill （跑步机）for just 10 minutes. They then had to take a Stroop Color and Word Test which is used to measure reaction times in brain processing.（日本筑波大学的研究人员要求参与者在跑步机上跑10分钟。然 后，他们必须接受Stroop颜色和文字测试，这是用来测量大脑处理过程中的反应时间）”可知，研究人员 是通过做实验和对比受试者反应的时间来获得实验结果的。故选Do【30题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的 “In other words, runners were found to have an increase in blood flow in the part of the brain that's associated with dealing with functions and controlling mood （情绪）.（换句话说,跑步者被发现大 脑中与处理功能和控制情绪相关的部分血液流量增加）”推知，血液流量和我们的快乐有关。故选C。【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第一段的“But new research has found that even a super-quick run could have great health benefits. In fact, it seems just a 10-minute session will not only make us feel better, but also could actually improve brain health, too. Now, we all know that exercise can improve mental and physical health in many ways.（但新的研究发现，即使是超快跑也会对健康有很大的好处。事实上，1。分钟的训练似乎不仅 能让我们感觉更好，而且还能改善大脑健康。现在，我们都知道锻炼可以在许多方面改善身心健康）”可 知，本文主要介绍了跑步对我们的身心都有好处。故选B。DIf electric bikes haven51 caught your attention yet, here's one that might. Okapi, a Boston-based start-up, is producing a unique e-bike that bridges the gap between motorcycles and ordinary bikes.These aren't normal bikes. If the futuristic appearance doesn't give them away, the specs （规格）will: Okapi's bikes have an all-electric range of up to 40 miles and a top speed of around 30 mph. Those aren't crazy numbers, but they are more than adequate for an ordinary bike. The company's selling its bikes for just under $3,000. Thafs in line with other e-bikes' pricing, but Okapi's bikes look more appealing than the others, which try （with varying degrees of success） to look like normal bicycles.The bikes, full suspension, hidden storage, and 19000-watt motor all add up to a fun ride. Okapi's design appears to be stronger and more able to handle the bumps （碰撞）than many other electric bikes, some of which appear to be modeled after old models. The main downside to Okapi's design is that it supports a maximum of 280 pounds, which may stop some riders enjoying the bike.Okapi?s approach to the e-bike is a little different from others9. While more than one company tries to hide their electric powertrain （动力系统）underneath slim bodywork, Okapi puts it all out for the world to see in a big, square battery pack. There's almost a futuristic dirt bike look to the bike, which is less awkward than it sounds.Electric bikes are getting cheaper, almost every day, but Okapi's product charges a high price: The Starter Edition bike costs $2,989.98. The good news is that Okapi's bike looks better and stronger than many offerings on the market today.Though they're not the most mainstream product out there, e-bikes are worth the coin at almost any price. If you9re considering buying an electric bike, do it. E-bikes absolutely offer you an enjoyable and exciting experience, even on the cheaper end.32. What do we know about Okapi's new bike?A. Its look is normal.B. Its speed is steady.C. It has a lower price.D. It has a limited load.33. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 4 refer to?A. The battery pack.B. Slim bodywork.C. The electric powertrain.D. Okapi's approach.34. What is the author's attitude toward e-bikes?A. Objective.B. Unclear.C. Conservative.D. Supportive.35. Which of the following could be the best title for the text?A. E-bikes: Cooler than You ThinkE-bikes: a Future Leader of BikesB. E-bikes: a Better Replacement for CarsE-bikes: a Mainstream Way of Transportation【答案】32.D33. C 34. D 35. A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一家波士顿的公司Okapi设计的一款新型电动自行车。【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第三段中的 The main downside to Okapi9s design is that it supports a maximum of 280 pounds, which may stop some riders enjoying the bike. （Okapi 设计的主要缺点是，它最多支持 280 磅， 这可能会阻止一些享受自行车的骑手。）”可知，Okapi设计的电动自行车载重量有限。故选D。2 .词义猜测题。根据第四段中的 “While more than one company tries to hide their electric powertrain （动力系 统）underneath slim bodywork, Okapi puts it all out for the world to see in a big, square battery pack（当不止一家 公司试图将他们的电动动力系统隐藏在纤细的车身之下时，Okapi将其全部展现在一个巨大的方形电池组 中，让世界看到。）”可知，很多公司试图把电力动力系统隐藏在车身之下，Okapi却把它放在一个大的、 正方形的电池组里，让人看到。由此可知，it指代前面提到的电力动力系统。故选C。3 .推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"E-bikes absolutely offer you an enjoyable and exciting experience, even on thecheaperend."（电动自行车绝对会为你提供一个愉快和令人兴奋的体验，甚至更便宜）可知，作者认为 电动自行车物有所值，可以带给人们欢乐而刺激的体验，所以作者对电动自行车持支持的态度。故选D。4 .主旨大意题。根据第一段的 “If electric bikes haven't caught your attention yet, here's one that might. Okapi, a Boston-based start-up, is producing a unique e-bike that bridges the gap between motorcycles and ordinary bikes.（如果电动自行车还没有引起你的注意，这里有一种可能。总部位于波士顿的初创公司Okapi正在生 产一种独特的电动自行车，它可以弥合摩托车和普通自行车之间的差距。）”以及下文内容可知，本文主 要介绍了 Okapi研发的一款新型电动自行车，包括其独特的外观、隐藏的贮存空间等，总的来说，这是一 款比人们见到的普通电动自行车更好的电动自行车。因此A项适合作文章的标题。故选A。第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。Housekeeping can be an effective stress reliever in our busy life if we know how to enjoy it. We can benefit a lot from doing housework.Activities like cleaning the house could give us a sense of belonging to our environment. 36 In the limited space, one can create the best atmosphere that can show the positive energy and care for the members of the house, including ourselves.Cleaning offers the state of mindfulness, releasing the endorphins, which can improve our mood, Cleaning activities, such as sweeping the floor, provides the same benefits as exercising. We keep the body active and make it a part of the exercise, which is especially good for someone who finds a struggle to maintain a workout schedule. So we9re supposed to start the day with early morning cleaning. 37Cleaning provides a sense of control over our environment. Anxiety, the early stage of mental breakdown, could come from insecurity towards uncertainty. 38 Cleaning gives us something to have power over - even if it's something as small as organising our books by colour. "When we seek out ways to reduce feelings ofhelplessness, cleaning is one of the best ways to do that J said JaimeZuckerman, an American clinical psychologist.39 Accomplishing a clean-up project could create a “good fueling" of confidence that lasts throughout day. Greater confidence encourages people to face other challenges in life that may have seemed too far a reach in the past. It's healthy to use cleaning to clear your mind, gain perspective, and take a break from your worries.40 So we have to make sure it's enjoyable instead of overtiring.A. Cleaning is a great way to show love.B. The post-cleanup feelings can inspire confidence.C. People enjoy the domestic task of housekeeping.D. People need something that they have control over.E. We can't depend on tidying practice to relieve internal discomfort.F. However, going overboard with the cleaning activities can cause stress.G. That can encourage our subconscious to be an active person during the day.【答案】36.A37. G 38. D 39. B 40. F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了做家务可以有效地缓解压力。像打扫房子这样的活动会给人们带来 很多益处。【36题详解】根据下句中的 “In the limited space, one can create the best atmosphere that can show the positive energy and care for the members of the house, including ourselves.（在有限的空间里，人们可以创造出最好的氛围，展现 出正能量，关爱家庭成员，包括我们自己）”可知，空处是对后文的概括总结，下文表明在家里有限的空间 里，我们可以通过打扫卫生为家里制造出爱的氛围。A项“清洁是表达爱意的好方法。”符合语境。A项 中的 show love 是下文中的 “can show the positive energy and care for the members of the housen 的概括。故 选Ao【37题详解】根据 "So we're supposed to start the day with early morning cleaning.（所以我们应该从清晨的清洁开始）”可 知，空处表明从清晨的清洁开始的好处，也就是能够为我们一天的工作做准备。G项“这可以鼓励我们的 潜意识在白天成为一个积极的人。”符合语境。G项中的“during the day”和前文中的“start the day with early morning cleaningn 相呼应。故选 Go【38题详解】根据本段的主题句uCleaning provides a sense of control over our environment.（清洁提供了 一种对环境的控制 感）”, 空前句 u Anxiety, the early stage of mental breakdown, could come from insecurity towards uncertainty. （焦虑是精神崩溃的早期阶段，可能来自不安全感和不确定性）”以及空后"Cleaning gives us something to have power over-even if it's something as small as organising our books by colour.（清洁给了 我们些力量， 即 使是按颜色整理书籍这样的小事）”可知，空格前指出焦虑可能来自不安全感和不确定性，空格后提到清洁 给了我们力量。由此可知，一个过渡句，承前启后。D项“人们需要一些他们可以控制的东西。”符合语 境。D项中的control over和前文a sense of control相呼应。故选Do【39题详解】根据空后 " Accomplishing a clean-up project could create a "good feeling, of confidence that lasts throughout day. Greater confidence encourages people to face other challenges in life that may have seemed too far a reach in the past.（完成一个清理项目可以创造一种持续一整天的“良好感觉”。更大的信心鼓励人们面对生活中的 其他挑战，这些挑战在过去似乎遥不可及）”可知，本段内容提到完成一个清理项目可以创造一种持续一整 天的充满信心的“良好感觉”以及给后续生活带来好处。B项“清理后的感觉可以激发信心。”适合作本 段的主旨大意句。故选B。【40题详解】根据"So we have to make sure it's enjoyable instead of overtiring.（所以我们必须确保这是愉快的，而不是过 度劳累）”可知，空格处与下一句为因果关系。下一句指出：因此，我们必须确保这是愉快的，而不是过度 疲惫的。由此可知，空格处提到过度做家务是不好的。F项“然而，过度进行清洁活动可能会造成压 力。”符合语境。故选F。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I never really enjoyed running. But my 41 with running has changed. I'm a 42 living in London. When my mom became ill with cancer and there was no 43 of her living much longer, I decided to move back to Harrogate. My work as a musician didn't 44 and I just wanted to be with my mother.I have been 45psychotherapy（心理疗法）for more than three years, which has helped with my anxiety,but back in Harrogate, I 46 to do something else positive for myself, as looking after my mother47 me. I wanted to do something physical and running 48 that need.Getting up before six was 49 for me. But I made myself go running three times a week. After starting last summer, I would run with 50 members and talk about my mom with those I'd known better. It helped5541. A. impressionB. relationshipC. communicationD. experience42. A. musicianB. professorC. dancerD. educator43. A. doubtB. questionC. ideaD.hope44. A. improveB. mindC. matterD. help45. A. turning toB. picking upC. giving upD. meeting with46. A. promisedB. thoughtC. continuedD. decided47. A. delightedB. upsetC. relaxedD. discouraged48. A. broughtB. balancedC. filledD.reduced49. A. impossibleB. unusualC. amazingD. comfortable50. A. regularB. commonC. ordinaryD. strange51. A. handsB. eyesC. headD. mind52. A. passed awayB. passed byC. recoveredD. survived53. A. purposeB. foundationC. designD. procedure54. A. decisionB. confidenceC. attitudeD. advice55. A. dreamB. pastC. presentD. memory【答案】41.B 42.A43. D 44. C45. A 46. D 47. B48. C 49. B f54. C 55. Cgrounded and I live in the.A 51.D 52. A 53. Bme put my51in the right place to face another day. And it helped me process my feelings after my mom52in October.Although therapy has been the53for all the positive things in my life, running has added to that.Together, they have changed my54to life and I'm now less anxious than I was. While running, I feel【解析】从而开始跑步缓解情况。最后,【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了从不喜欢跑步的作者因情绪低落, 心理治疗和跑步使得作者改变了对生活的态度，积极面对生活，不再焦虑。41题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我和跑步的关系已经改变了。A. impression印象;B.relationship关系；C.communication 交流；D. experience 经历。根据上文 aI never really enjoyed running.v 和 “But” 可知，上文 说作者以前从不喜欢跑步，转折连词But表明作者和跑步之间的关系发生了转变。故选B。【42题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我是住在伦敦的音乐家。A. musician音乐家；B. professor教授；C. dancer舞蹈 家；D. educator教育家。根据下文“My work as a musician”可知，作者是一名音乐家。故选A。【43题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我妈妈患上癌症，再也活不下去了，我决定搬回哈罗盖特。A. doubt怀疑；B. question问题；C.idea想法；D. hope希望。根据上文“my mom became ill with cancer”可知，作者母亲 得了癌症，没有希望可以活多久了。故选D。【44题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我作为一名音乐家的工作并不重要，我只想和母亲在一起。A. improve改善； B.mind 介意；C. matter 重要；D. help 帮助。根据下文 “I just wanted to be with my mother” 可知，面对母 亲的情况，作者只想陪着母亲，觉得工作并没有陪伴母亲重要。故选C。【45题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我一直在转向心理治疗（心理疗法）三年多来，这对我的焦虑有所帮助，但回到 哈罗盖特，我决定为自己做一些其他积极的事情，因为照顾母亲让我很难过。A. turning to转向；B.picking up 拾起；C. giving up 放弃；D. meeting with 遇见。根据下文 “psychotherapy（心理疗法）for more than three years”可知，此处表示作者寻求心理治疗。故选A。【46题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意